Recombinant Mouse TL1A/TNFSF15 Protein Summary
Product Specifications
Ile76-Leu252, with an N-terminal Met
Analysis
Product Datasheets
Carrier Free
CF stands for Carrier Free (CF). We typically add Bovine Serum Albumin (BSA) as a carrier protein to our recombinant proteins. Adding a carrier protein enhances protein stability, increases shelf-life, and allows the recombinant protein to be stored at a more dilute concentration. The carrier free version does not contain BSA.
In general, we advise purchasing the recombinant protein with BSA for use in cell or tissue culture, or as an ELISA standard. In contrast, the carrier free protein is recommended for applications, in which the presence of BSA could interfere.
1896-TL
| Formulation | Lyophilized from a 0.2 μm filtered solution in PBS with BSA as a carrier protein. |
| Reconstitution | Reconstitute at 100 μg/mL in sterile PBS containing at least 0.1% human or bovine serum albumin. |
| Shipping | The product is shipped at ambient temperature. Upon receipt, store it immediately at the temperature recommended below. |
| Stability & Storage: | Use a manual defrost freezer and avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
|
1896-TL/CF
| Formulation | Lyophilized from a 0.2 μm filtered solution in PBS. |
| Reconstitution | Reconstitute at 100 μg/mL in sterile PBS. |
| Shipping | The product is shipped at ambient temperature. Upon receipt, store it immediately at the temperature recommended below. |
| Stability & Storage: | Use a manual defrost freezer and avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
|
Reconstitution Calculator
Background: TL1A/TNFSF15
TL1A is a type II transmembrane protein belonging to the TNF superfamily and has been designated TNF superfamily member 15 (TNFSF15). Mouse TL1A is a 252 amino acid residues (aa) protein consisting of a 35 aa N-terminal cytoplasmic domain, a 24 aa transmembrane region and 193 aa C-terminal extracellular domain (1). TL1A is expressed predominantly in endothelial cells and its expression is stimulated by TNF-a and IL-1a (1). Non-endothelial cells of the gut mucosa, including lamina propria lymphocytes and tissue macrophages, also express TL1A and at higher levels in chronic inflammatory bowel disorders (2). TL1A binds with high affinity to death receptor 3 (DR3), which is now designated TNF receptor superfamily member 25 (TNFRSF25). DR3 was formerly designated TNFRSF12 when it was thought to be the receptor for TWEAK/TNFSF12. Depending on the cell type, DR3-TL1A interactions have different effects. Ligation of DR3 on activated T cells by TL1A provides a costimulatory signal to increase IL-2 responsiveness and the secretion of proinflamatory cytokines (1). The promotion of survival of activated T cells by TL1a results from the activation of the transcription factor NF-kappa-B. In a tumor erythroleukemic cell line, TF-1, DR3-TL1A signaling increases production of the NF-kB-dependent antiapoptotic protein c-IAP2, promoting survival in these cells (3). In HUVEC cells, which express both DR3 and TL1A, ligation of DR3 by TL1A regulates cell apoptosis (4). These effects of TL1A are blocked by the secreted, soluble decoy receptor 3 (DcR3), also known as TR6 and TNFRSF6B, which compete with DR3 for binding to TL1A (1-4). Consistent with the observed in vitro activities, TL1A promotes ex vivo splenocyte expansion and enhances in vivo graft-versus-host-response. The level of TL1A in cells of gut mucosa, in patients with bowel inflammatory disorders, correlates with the severity of inflammation, and TL1A may play a role in a Th1-mediate pathological conditions such as Crohn’s disease (2). Mouse and human TL1A share 73% homology in their C-terminal domains.
- Migone, T.S. et al. (2002) Immunity 16:479.
- Bamias, G. et al. (2003) J. Immunol. 171:4868.
- Wen, L. et al. (2003) J. Biol. Chem. 278:39251.
- Yang, C.-R. et al. (2004) Cancer Res. 64:1122.
Citations for Recombinant Mouse TL1A/TNFSF15 Protein
R&D Systems personnel manually curate a database that contains references using R&D Systems products. The data collected includes not only links to publications in PubMed, but also provides information about sample types, species, and experimental conditions.
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Citations: Showing 1 - 10
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Necroptosis plays a role in TL1A-induced airway inflammation and barrier damage in asthma
Authors: Liu, X;Zhang, J;Zhang, D;Pan, Y;Zeng, R;Xu, C;Shi, S;Xu, J;Qi, Q;Dong, X;Wang, J;Liu, T;Dong, L;
Respiratory research
Species: Mouse
Sample Types: In Vivo
Applications: In vivo assay -
Direct signaling of TL1A-DR3 on fibroblasts induces intestinal fibrosis in vivo
Authors: N Jacob, K Kumagai, JP Abraham, Y Shimodaira, Y Ye, J Luu, AY Blackwood, SL Castanon, DT Stamps, LS Thomas, R Gonsky, DQ Shih, KS Michelsen, SR Targan
Sci Rep, 2020-10-23;10(1):18189.
Species: Mouse
Sample Types: Whole Cells
Applications: Cell Culture -
Inflammation-independent TL1A-mediated intestinal fibrosis is dependent on the gut microbiome
Authors: N Jacob, JP Jacobs, K Kumagai, CWY Ha, Y Kanazawa, V Lagishetty, K Altmayer, AM Hamill, A Von Arx, RB Sartor, S Devkota, J Braun, KS Michelsen, SR Targan, DQ Shih
Mucosal Immunol, 2018-07-09;0(0):.
Species: Mouse
Sample Types: Whole Cells
Applications: Bioassay -
Cleavage of TL1A Differentially Regulates Its Effects on Innate and Adaptive Immune Cells
Authors: JR Ferdinand, AC Richard, F Meylan, A Al-Shamkha, RM Siegel
J. Immunol., 2018-01-15;0(0):.
Species: Mouse
Sample Types: Recombinant Protein
Applications: ELISA (Standard) -
Dectin-1-activated dendritic cells trigger potent antitumour immunity through the induction of Th9 cells
Nat Commun, 2016-08-05;7(0):12368.
Species: Mouse
Sample Types: Whole Cells
Applications: Bioassay -
A Novel Role for TL1A/DR3 in Protection against Intestinal Injury and Infection
Authors: Li-Guo Jia
J Immunol, 2016-05-27;197(1):377-86.
Species: Mouse
Sample Types: Whole Cells
Applications: Bioassay -
IL-18R?-deficient CD4(+) T cells induce intestinal inflammation in the CD45RB(hi) transfer model of colitis despite impaired innate responsiveness
Authors: P Holmkvist, L Pool, K Hägerbrand, WW Agace, A Rivollier
Eur J Immunol, 2016-05-06;0(0):.
Species: Mouse
Sample Types: Whole Cells
Applications: Bioassay -
Itk is required for Th9 differentiation via TCR-mediated induction of IL-2 and IRF4.
Authors: Gomez-Rodriguez J, Meylan F, Handon R, Hayes E, Anderson S, Kirby M, Siegel R, Schwartzberg P
Nat Commun, 2016-03-03;7(0):10857.
Species: Mouse
Sample Types: Whole Cells
Applications: Bioassay -
CX(3)CR1(+) mononuclear phagocytes support colitis-associated innate lymphoid cell production of IL-22.
Authors: Longman R, Diehl G, Victorio D, Huh J, Galan C, Miraldi E, Swaminath A, Bonneau R, Scherl E, Littman D
J Exp Med, 2014-07-14;211(8):1571-83.
Species: Mouse
Sample Types: Whole Cells
Applications: Bioassay -
TNF superfamily member TL1A elicits type 2 innate lymphoid cells at mucosal barriers.
Authors: Yu, X, Pappu, R, Ramirez-Carrozzi, V, Ota, N, Caplazi, P, Zhang, J, Yan, D, Xu, M, Lee, W P, Grogan, J L
Mucosal Immunol, 2013-11-13;7(3):730-40.
Species: Mouse
Sample Types: In Vivo, Whole Cells
Applications: Bioassay, In Vivo -
TNF-like ligand 1A (TL1A) gene knockout leads to ameliorated collagen-induced arthritis in mice: implication of TL1A in humoral immune responses.
Authors: Wang X, Hu Y, Charpentier T, Lamarre A, Qi S, Wu J, Luo H
J Immunol, 2013-10-18;191(11):5420-9.
Species: Mouse
Sample Types: Whole Cells
Applications: Bioassay -
Regulation of innate CD8+ T-cell activation mediated by cytokines.
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A, 2012-06-04;109(25):9971-6.
Species: Mouse
Sample Types: Whole Cells
Applications: Bioassay -
The death receptor 3/TL1A pathway is essential for efficient development of antiviral CD4(+) and CD8(+) T-cell immunity.
Authors: Twohig J, Marsden M, Cuff S, Ferdinand J, Gallimore A, Perks W, Al-Shamkhani A, Humphreys I, Wang E
FASEB J, 2012-05-16;26(8):3575-86.
Species: Mouse
Sample Types: Whole Cells
Applications: Bioassay -
Naive and activated T cells display differential responsiveness to TL1A that affects Th17 generation, maintenance, and proliferation.
Authors: Jones GW, Stumhofer JS, Foster T, Twohig JP, Hertzog P, Topley N, Williams AS, Hunter CA, Jenkins BJ, Wang EC, Jones SA
FASEB J., 2010-09-08;25(1):409-19.
Species: Mouse
Sample Types: Whole Cells
Applications: Bioassay -
TNF superfamily member, TL1A, is a potential mucosal vaccine adjuvant.
Authors: Kayamuro H, Yoshioka Y, Abe Y, Katayama K, Yoshida T, Yamashita K, Yoshikawa T, Hiroi T, Itoh N, Kawai Y, Mayumi T, Kamada H, Tsunoda S, Tsutsumi Y
Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun., 2009-05-04;384(3):296-300.
Species: Mouse
Sample Types: In Vivo
Applications: In Vivo -
The Decoy Receptor 3 (DcR3, TNFRSF6B) suppresses Th17 immune responses and is abundant in human cerebrospinal fluid.
Authors: Mueller AM, Pedre X, Killian S, David M, Steinbrecher A
J. Neuroimmunol., 2009-03-06;209(1):57-64.
Species: Mouse
Sample Types: Whole Cells
Applications: Bioassay -
Heterogeneity of lymphoid tissue inducer cell populations present in embryonic and adult mouse lymphoid tissues.
Authors: Kim MY, Rossi S, Withers D, McConnell F, Toellner KM, Gaspal F, Jenkinson E, Anderson G, Lane PJ
Immunology, 2008-01-16;124(2):166-74.
Species: Mouse
Sample Types: Whole Cells
Applications: Bioassay
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Reason for Rating: Recombinant Mouse TL1A is bound by patented anti-TL1a antibodies via direct ELISA.
