Recombinant Human Gas6 Protein, CF Summary
Product Specifications
Ala49-Ala678, with a C-terminal 6-His tag
Analysis
Product Datasheets
Carrier Free
CF stands for Carrier Free (CF). We typically add Bovine Serum Albumin (BSA) as a carrier protein to our recombinant proteins. Adding a carrier protein enhances protein stability, increases shelf-life, and allows the recombinant protein to be stored at a more dilute concentration. The carrier free version does not contain BSA.
In general, we advise purchasing the recombinant protein with BSA for use in cell or tissue culture, or as an ELISA standard. In contrast, the carrier free protein is recommended for applications, in which the presence of BSA could interfere.
885-GSB
Formulation | Lyophilized from a 0.2 μm filtered solution in Tris, NaCl and Citrate. |
Reconstitution | Reconstitute at 500 μg/mL in sterile water. |
Shipping | The product is shipped at ambient temperature. Upon receipt, store it immediately at the temperature recommended below. |
Stability & Storage: | Use a manual defrost freezer and avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
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Scientific Data
Recombinant Human Gas6 885-GSB down regulates the expression of Axl in DU145 human prostate carcinoma cells. The ED50 for this effect is 25-150 ng/mL.
Reconstitution Calculator
Background: Gas6
Gas6 (Growth Arrest Specific 6) is a multimodular protein that is up-regulated by a wide variety of cell types in response to growth arrest (1). Gas6 and the structurally related Protein S are vitamin K-dependent and have an extensively gamma -carboxylated N-terminal Gla domain, four EGF-like repeats, and a C-terminal region with homology to steroid hormone binding globulin (SHBG) (2). Human Gas6 is a 75 kDa protein that shares 77%-79% aa sequence identity with mouse and rat Gas6, and 43% aa identity with human protein S (over the region expressed). Alternate splicing generates isoforms that lack the Gla domain and/or the spacer between the
EGF‑like and SHBG regions. Gas6 binds and induces signaling through the receptor tyrosine kinases Axl, Dtk, and Mer (3-5). Human Gas6 interacts with both mouse and rat orthologs of these receptors (1). The full length isoform may be cleaved, resulting in release of the free SHBG region which can independently activate Axl (6). Shed soluble forms of Axl and Mer bind Gas6 and function as decoy receptors (7, 8). Gas6 induces a variety of responses, including prevention of apoptosis (9), cell proliferation (10), platelet-mediated thrombosis (11), retinal epithelial cell phagocytosis of outer rod segments (12), inhibition of VEGF-induced endothelial cell chemotaxis (13), and the differentiation and expansion of NK cell precursors (14). The affinity of Gas6 for phosphatidylserine likely contributes to its role in promoting the phagocytosis of apoptotic cells (15). Several of these effects have been shown to require gamma -carboxylation of the Gla domain (12, 16).
- Hafizi, S. and B. Dahlback (2006) FEBS J. 273:5231.
- Manfioletti, G. et al. (1993) Mol. Cell Biol. 13:4976.
- Stitt, T.N. et al. (1995) Cell 80:661.
- Ohashi, K. et al. (1995) J. Biol. Chem. 270:22681.
- Nagata, K. et al. (1996) J. Biol. Chem. 271:30022.
- Goruppi, S. et al. (1997) FEBS Lett. 415:59.
- Sather, S. et al. (2007) Blood 109:1026.
- Budagian, V. et al. (2005) Mol. Cell. Biol. 25:9324.
- Shankar, S.L. et al. (2006) J. Neurosci. 26:5638.
- Yanagita, M. et al. (2002) J. Clin. Invest. 110:239.
- Gould, W.R. et al. (2005) J. Thromb. Haemost. 3:733.
- Hall, M.O. et al. (2002) Exp. Eye Res. 75:391.
- Gallicchio, M. et al. (2005) Blood 105:1970.
- Caraux, A. et al. (2006) Nat. Immunol. 7:747.
- Wu, Y. et al. (2005) J. Cell Sci. 118:539.
- Hasanbasic, I. et al. (2005) J. Thromb. Haemost. 3:2790.
Citations for Recombinant Human Gas6 Protein, CF
R&D Systems personnel manually curate a database that contains references using R&D Systems products. The data collected includes not only links to publications in PubMed, but also provides information about sample types, species, and experimental conditions.
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Citations: Showing 1 - 10
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Targeting Tyro3, Axl, and MerTK Receptor Tyrosine Kinases Significantly Sensitizes Triple-Negative Breast Cancer to CDK4/6 Inhibition
Authors: Demirsoy, S;Tran, H;Liu, J;Li, Y;Yang, S;Aregawi, D;Glantz, MJ;Jacob, NK;Walter, V;Schell, TD;Olmez, I;
Cancers
Species: Human
Sample Types: Whole Cells
Applications: Bioassay -
Regulation of Mertk Surface Expression via ADAM17 and ?-Secretase Proteolytic Processing
Authors: Lahey, KC;Varsanyi, C;Wang, Z;Aquib, A;Gadiyar, V;Rodrigues, AA;Pulica, R;Desind, S;Davra, V;Calianese, DC;Liu, D;Cho, JH;Kotenko, SV;De Lorenzo, MS;Birge, RB;
International journal of molecular sciences
Species: N/A
Sample Types: Recombinant Protein
Applications: Western Blot -
Gas6-Axl Signaling Induces SRF/MRTF-A Gene Transcription via MICAL2
Authors: Lundquist, MR;Jaffrey, SR;
Genes
Species: Human
Sample Types: Whole Cells
Applications: Bioassay -
Mertk-expressing microglia influence oligodendrogenesis and myelin modelling in the CNS
Authors: Nguyen, LT;Aprico, A;Nwoke, E;Walsh, AD;Blades, F;Avneri, R;Martin, E;Zalc, B;Kilpatrick, TJ;Binder, MD;
Journal of neuroinflammation
Species: Xenopus, Transgenic Mouse
Sample Types: In Vivo, Whole Cells
Applications: Bioassay, In Vivo -
CNK2 promotes cancer cell motility by mediating ARF6 activation downstream of AXL signalling
Authors: Serwe, G;Kachaner, D;Gagnon, J;Plutoni, C;Lajoie, D;Duramé, E;Sahmi, M;Garrido, D;Lefrançois, M;Arseneault, G;Saba-El-Leil, MK;Meloche, S;Emery, G;Therrien, M;
Nature communications
Species: Human
Sample Types: Whole Cells
Applications: Bioassay -
Gas6 ameliorates intestinal mucosal immunosenescence to prevent the translocation of a gut pathobiont, Klebsiella pneumoniae, to the liver
Authors: Tsugawa, H;Ohki, T;Tsubaki, S;Tanaka, R;Matsuzaki, J;Suzuki, H;Hozumi, K;
PLoS pathogens
Species: Human
Sample Types: Whole Cells
Applications: Bioassay -
PRAME Is a Novel Target of Tumor-Intrinsic Gas6/Axl Activation and Promotes Cancer Cell Invasion in Hepatocellular Carcinoma
Authors: Hedrich, V;Breitenecker, K;Ortmayr, G;Pupp, F;Huber, H;Chen, D;Sahoo, S;Jolly, MK;Mikulits, W;
Cancers
Species: Human
Sample Types: Whole Cells
Applications: Bioassay -
Targeting AXL Using the AVB-500 Soluble Receptor and through Genetic Knockdown Inhibits Bile Duct Cancer Growth and Metastasis
Authors: J Kim, G Nam, YK Shin, N Vilaplana-, HC Jeung, EJ Moon, IJ Lee
Cancers, 2023-03-21;15(6):.
Species: Human
Sample Types: Whole Cells
Applications: Bioassay -
AXL regulates neuregulin1 expression leading to cetuximab resistance in head and neck cancer
Authors: M Iida, NK McDaniel, KL Kostecki, NB Welke, CA Kranjac, P Liu, C Longhurst, JY Bruce, S Hong, R Salgia, DL Wheeler
BMC Cancer, 2022-04-23;22(1):447.
Species: Human
Sample Types: Whole Cells
Applications: Bioassay -
High Glucose Impairs Expression and Activation of MerTK in ARPE-19 Cells
Authors: A Puddu, S Ravera, I Panfoli, N Bertola, D Maggi
International Journal of Molecular Sciences, 2022-01-20;23(3):.
Species: Human
Sample Types: Whole Cells
Applications: Bioassay -
Corosolic Acid Attenuates the Invasiveness of Glioblastoma Cells by Promoting CHIP-Mediated AXL Degradation and Inhibiting GAS6/AXL/JAK Axis
Authors: LW Sun, SH Kao, SF Yang, SW Jhang, YC Lin, CM Chen, YH Hsieh
Cells, 2021-10-28;10(11):.
Species: Human
Sample Types: Whole Cells
Applications: Bioassay -
Anti-Axl monoclonal antibodies attenuate the migration of MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cells
Authors: H Chang, R An, X Li, X Lang, J Feng, M Lv
Oncology Letters, 2021-08-27;22(5):749.
Species: Human
Sample Types: Protein, Whole Cells
Applications: Bioassay, ELISA (Capture) -
Quantitative Tyrosine Phosphoproteome Profiling of AXL Receptor Tyrosine Kinase Signaling Network
Authors: X Wu, L Wang, NA Pearson, S Renuse, R Cheng, Y Liang, DG Mun, AK Madugundu, Y Xu, PS Gill, A Pandey
Cancers, 2021-08-23;13(16):.
Species: Human
Sample Types: Whole Cells
Applications: Bioassay -
ST3GAL1 is a target of the SOX2-GLI1 transcriptional complex and promotes melanoma metastasis through AXL
Authors: S Pietrobono, G Anichini, C Sala, F Manetti, LL Almada, S Pepe, RM Carr, BD Paradise, JN Sarkaria, JI Davila, L Tofani, I Battisti, G Arrigoni, L Ying, C Zhang, H Li, A Meves, ME Fernandez-, B Stecca
Nat Commun, 2020-11-17;11(1):5865.
Species: Human
Sample Types: Whole Cells
Applications: Bioassay -
KPNB1-mediated nuclear translocation of PD-L1 promotes non-small cell lung cancer cell proliferation via the Gas6/MerTK signaling pathway
Authors: W Du, J Zhu, Y Zeng, T Liu, Y Zhang, T Cai, Y Fu, W Zhang, R Zhang, Z Liu, JA Huang
Cell Death Differ, 2020-11-02;0(0):.
Species: Human
Sample Types: Whole Cells
Applications: Bioassay -
CD14+CD16- monocytes are the main precursors of osteoclasts in rheumatoid arthritis via expressing Tyro3TK
Authors: J Xue, L Xu, H Zhu, M Bai, X Li, Z Zhao, H Zhong, G Cheng, X Li, F Hu, Y Su
Arthritis Research & Therapy, 2020-09-21;22(1):221.
Species: Human
Sample Types: Whole Cells
Applications: Bioassay -
AXL confers cell migration and invasion by hijacking a PEAK1-regulated focal adhesion protein network
Authors: A Abu-Thurai, MA Goyette, J Boulais, C Delliaux, C Apcher, C Schott, R Chidiac, H Bagci, MP Thibault, D Davidson, M Ferron, A Veillette, RJ Daly, AC Gingras, JP Gratton, JF Côté
Nat Commun, 2020-07-17;11(1):3586.
Species: Human
Sample Types: Cell Culture Supernates
Applications: ELISA Standard -
Distinct synovial tissue macrophage subsets regulate inflammation and remission in rheumatoid arthritis
Authors: S Alivernini, L MacDonald, A Elmesmari, S Finlay, B Tolusso, MR Gigante, L Petricca, C Di Mario, L Bui, S Perniola, M Attar, M Gessi, AL Fedele, S Chilaka, D Somma, SN Sansom, A Filer, C McSharry, NL Millar, K Kirschner, A Nerviani, MJ Lewis, C Pitzalis, AR Clark, G Ferracciol, I Udalova, CD Buckley, E Gremese, IB McInnes, TD Otto, M Kurowska-S
Nat. Med., 2020-06-29;0(0):.
Species: Human
Sample Types: Whole Cells
Applications: Flow Cytometry -
Cabozantinib inhibits AXL- and MET-dependent cancer cell migration induced by growth-arrest-specific 6 and hepatocyte growth factor
Authors: T Hara, A Kimura, T Miyazaki, H Tanaka, M Morimoto, K Nakai, J Soeda
Biochem Biophys Rep, 2020-01-17;21(0):100726.
Species: Human
Sample Types: Whole Cells
Applications: Cell Culture -
A TAZ-AXL-ABL2 Feed-Forward Signaling Axis Promotes Lung Adenocarcinoma Brain Metastasis
Authors: JP Hoj, B Mayro, AM Pendergast
Cell Rep, 2019-12-10;29(11):3421-3434.e8.
Species: Mouse
Sample Types: Whole Cells
Applications: Cell Culture -
Interaction between androgen receptor and coregulator SLIRP is regulated by Ack1 tyrosine kinase and androgen
Authors: D De Silva, Z Zhang, Y Liu, JS Parker, C Xu, L Cai, GG Wang, HS Earp, YE Whang
Sci Rep, 2019-12-09;9(1):18637.
Species: Human
Sample Types: Whole Cells
Applications: Cell Culture -
A FUNCTIONAL ROLE OF GAS6/TAM IN NON-ALCOHOLIC STEATOHEPATITIS PROGRESSION IMPLICATES AXL AS THERAPEUTIC TARGET
Authors: A Tutusaus, E de Gregori, B Cucarull, H Cristóbal, C Aresté, I Graupera, M Coll, A Colell, G Gausdal, JB Lorens, P García de, A Morales, M Marí
Cell Mol Gastroenterol Hepatol, 2019-11-02;0(0):.
Species: Human
Sample Types: Whole Cells
Applications: Cell Culture -
A gain-of-functional screen identifies the Hippo pathway as a central mediator of receptor tyrosine kinases during tumorigenesis
Authors: T Azad, K Nouri, HJ Janse van, SM Maritan, L Wu, Y Hao, T Montminy, J Yu, P Khanal, LM Mulligan, X Yang
Oncogene, 2019-09-02;0(0):.
Species: Human
Sample Types: Whole Cells
Applications: Bioassay -
Axl Promotes Zika Virus Entry and Modulates the Antiviral State of Human Sertoli Cells
Authors: DP Strange, B Jiyarom, N Pourhabibi, X Xie, C Baker, H Sadri-Arde, PY Shi, S Verma
MBio, 2019-07-16;10(4):.
Species: Human
Sample Types: Whole Cells
Applications: Bioassay -
AXL Is a Novel Predictive Factor and Therapeutic Target for Radioactive Iodine Refractory Thyroid Cancer
Authors: F Collina, L La Sala, F Liotti, N Prevete, E La Mantia, MG Chiofalo, G Aquino, L Arenare, M Cantile, G Liguori, F Di Gennaro, L Pezzullo, NS Losito, G Vecchio, G Botti, RM Melillo, R Franco
Cancers (Basel), 2019-06-07;11(6):.
Species: Human
Sample Types: Whole Cells
Applications: Bioassay -
Engineered AXL(-ECD)-Fc variants that abolish the AXL/Gas6 interaction suppress tumor cell migration.
Authors: Y Duan, B Hu, C Qiao, L Luo, X Li, J Wang, H Liu, T Zhou, B Shen, M Lv, J Feng
Oncol Lett, 2019-04-15;17(6):5784-5792.
Species: Human
Sample Types: Recombinant Protein
Applications: Bioassay, ELISA (Capture) -
p5RHH nanoparticle-mediated delivery of AXL siRNA inhibits metastasis of ovarian and uterine cancer cells in mouse xenografts
Authors: KA Mills, JM Quinn, ST Roach, M Palisoul, M Nguyen, H Noia, L Guo, J Fazal, DG Mutch, SA Wickline, H Pan, KC Fuh
Sci Rep, 2019-03-18;9(1):4762.
Species: Human
Sample Types: Whole Cells
Applications: Bioassay -
Inhibition of MERTK Promotes Suppression of Tumor Growth in BRAF Mutant and BRAF Wild-Type Melanoma
Authors: L Sinik, KA Minson, JJ Tentler, J Carrico, SM Bagby, WA Robinson, R Kami, T Burstyn-Co, SG Eckhardt, X Wang, SV Frye, HS Earp, D DeRyckere, DK Graham
Mol. Cancer Ther., 2018-11-27;18(2):278-288.
Species: Human
Sample Types: Whole Cells
Applications: Bioassay -
AXL phosphorylates and up-regulates TNS2 and its implications in IRS-1-associated metabolism in cancer cells
Authors: LC Cheng, YL Chen, AN Cheng, AY Lee, CY Cho, JS Huang, SE Chuang
J. Biomed. Sci., 2018-11-12;25(1):80.
Species: Human
Sample Types: Whole Cells
Applications: Activation -
Targeting Tyro3 ameliorates a model of PGRN-mutant FTLD-TDP via tau-mediated synaptic pathology
Authors: K Fujita, X Chen, H Homma, K Tagawa, M Amano, A Saito, S Imoto, H Akatsu, Y Hashizume, K Kaibuchi, S Miyano, H Okazawa
Nat Commun, 2018-01-30;9(1):433.
Applications: Bioassay -
Expression and role of TYRO3 and AXL as potential therapeutical targets in leiomyosarcoma
Authors: C Dantas-Bar, T Lesluyes, FL Loarer, F Chibon, I Treilleux, JM Coindre, P Meeus, M Brahmi, O Bally, I Ray-Coquar, MP Sunyach, AL Cesne, O Mir, S Bonvalot, M Toulmonde, A Italiano, P Saintigny, M Jean-Denis, F Ducimetier, D Ranchere, H El Sayadi, L Alberti, JY Blay
Br. J. Cancer, 2017-10-12;117(12):1787-1797.
Species: Human
Sample Types: Whole Cells
Applications: Bioassay -
Viral Infection Sensitizes Human Fetal Membranes to Bacterial Lipopolysaccharide by MERTK Inhibition and Inflammasome Activation
Authors: SN Cross, JA Potter, P Aldo, JY Kwon, M Pitruzzell, M Tong, S Guller, CV Rothlin, G Mor, VM Abrahams
J. Immunol., 2017-09-15;0(0):.
Species: Human
Sample Types: Whole Tissue
Applications: Bioassay -
Inhibition of the Receptor Tyrosine Kinase AXL Restores Paclitaxel Chemosensitivity in Uterine Serous Cancer
Authors: ML Palisoul, JM Quinn, E Schepers, IS Hagemann, L Guo, K Reger, AR Hagemann, CK McCourt, PH Thaker, MA Powell, DG Mutch, KC Fuh
Mol. Cancer Ther., 2017-09-13;0(0):.
Species: Human
Sample Types: Whole Cells
Applications: Bioassay -
AXL receptor signalling suppresses p53 in melanoma through stabilization of the MDMX-MDM2 complex
Authors: Zhi-Min Yuan
J Mol Cell Biol, 2017-04-01;0(0):.
Species: Human
Sample Types: Whole Cells
Applications: Bioassay -
BCL6 promotes glioma and serves as a therapeutic target
Authors: L Xu, Y Chen, M Dutra-Clar, A Mayakonda, M Hazawa, SE Savinoff, N Doan, JW Said, WH Yong, A Watkins, H Yang, LW Ding, YY Jiang, JW Tyner, J Ching, JP Kovalik, V Madan, SL Chan, M Müschen, JJ Breunig, DC Lin, HP Koeffler
Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A, 2017-03-29;0(0):.
Species: Human
Sample Types: Whole Cells
Applications: Bioassay -
Phosphatidylserine Sensing by TAM Receptors Regulates AKT-Dependent Chemoresistance and PD-L1 Expression.
Authors: Kasikara C, Kumar S, Kimani S, Tsou W, Geng K, Davra V, Sriram G, Devoe C, Nguyen K, Antes A, Krantz A, Rymarczyk G, Wilczynski A, Empig C, Freimark B, Gray M, Schlunegger K, Hutchins J, Kotenko S, Birge R
Mol Cancer Res, 2017-02-09;15(6):753-764.
Applications: ELISA (Standard) -
Therapeutic activity of anti-AXL antibody against triple-negative breast cancer Patient Derived Xenografts and metastasis
Authors: Wilhem Leconet
Clin. Cancer Res, 2016-12-06;0(0):.
Applications: Western Blot -
The Gas6-Axl Protein Interaction Mediates Endothelial Uptake of Platelet Microparticles
Authors: KE Happonen, S Tran, M Mörgelin, R Prince, S Calzavarin, A Angelillo-, B Dahlbäck
J. Biol. Chem., 2016-03-22;291(20):10586-601.
Species: Human
Sample Types: Whole Cells
Applications: Bioassay
FAQs
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Are the NS0 cells used to raise Recombinant Human Gas6 Protein, CF (Catalog # 885-GSB) cultured in the presence of Vitamin K?
Yes, the NS0 cells are cultured in the presence of Vitamin K.
Reviews for Recombinant Human Gas6 Protein, CF
Average Rating: 4.5 (Based on 6 Reviews)
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Reason for Rating: Confirmed purity via reduced PAGE.