CHIR 99021 trihydrochloride
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Description: Hydrochloride salt of CHIR 99021 (Cat. No. 4423); selective GSK-3 inhibitor
Alternative Names: CT99021
Chemical Name: 6-[[2-[[4-(2,4-Dichlorophenyl)-5-(5-methyl-1H-imidazol-2-yl)-2-pyrimidinyl]amino]ethyl]amino]-3-pyridinecarbonitrile trihydrochloride
Purity: ≥98%
Biological Activity
CHIR 99021 trihydrochloride is a hydrochloride salt of CHIR 99021 (Cat. No. 4423), a highly selective GSK-3 inhibitor.CHIR 99021, CHIR 99021 in solution and CHIR 99021 synthesized to cGMP guidelines also available.
External Portal Information
Chemicalprobes.org is a portal that offers independent guidance on the selection and/or application of small molecules for research. The use of CHIR 99021 is reviewed on the chemical probes website.Technical Data
M.Wt:
574.72
Formula:
C22H18Cl2N8.3HCl
Solubility:
Soluble to 25 mM in water and to 50 mM in DMSO
Purity:
≥98%
Storage:
Store at -20°C
CAS No:
1782235-14-6
The technical data provided above is for guidance only.
For batch specific data refer to the Certificate of Analysis.
Tocris products are intended for laboratory research use only, unless stated otherwise.
Background References
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GATA2/3-TFAP2A/C transcription factor network couples human pluripotent stem cell differentiation to trophectoderm with repression of pluripotency
C Krendl, D Shaposhnik, V Rishko, C Ori, C Ziegenhain, S Sass, L Simon, NS Müller, T Straub, KE Brooks, SL Chavez, W Enard, FJ Theis, M Drukker
Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A., 2017;0(0):. -
Generation of skeletal myogenic progenitors from human pluripotent stem cells using non-viral delivery of minicircle DNA
J Kim, VKP Oliveira, A Yamamoto, RCR Perlingeir
Stem Cell Res, 2017;23(0):87-94. -
AKT kinase activity is required for Li to modulate mood-related behaviors in mice.
Pan et al.
Neuropsychopharmacology, 2011;36:1397 -
Selective glycogen synthase kinase 3 inhibitors potentiate Ins activation of glucose transport and utilization in vitro and in vivo.
Ring et al.
Diabetes, 2003;52:588 -
Pleiotropy of glycogen synthase kinase-3 inhibition by CHIR99021 promotes self-renewal of embyronic stem cells from refractory mouse strains.
Ye et al.
PLoS One, 2012;7:e35892
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Citations for CHIR 99021 trihydrochloride
The citations listed below are publications that use Tocris products. Selected citations for CHIR 99021 trihydrochloride include:
19 Citations: Showing 1 - 10
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Self-organized yolk sac-like organoids allow for scalable generation of multipotent hematopoietic progenitor cells from induced pluripotent stem cells.
Authors: Yasuhiro Et al.
Cell Rep Methods 2023;3:100460
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Generation and characterization of NGLY1 patient-derived midbrain organoids.
Authors: Wei Et al.
Front Cell Dev Biol 2023;11:1039182
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Single-cell sequencing reveals lineage-specific dynamic genetic regulation of gene expression during human cardiomyocyte differentiation.
Authors: Guanghao Et al.
PLoS Genet 2022;18:e1009666
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Selective activation and down-regulation of Trk receptors by neurotrophins in human neurons co-expressing TrkB and TrkC.
Authors: Jia Et al.
J Neurochem 2022;161:463-477
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Naïve-like pluripotency to pave the way for saving the northern white rhinoceros from extinction.
Authors: Dmitry Et al.
Sci Rep 2022;12:3100
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Human spinal cord in vitro differentiation pace is initially maintained in heterologous embryonic environments.
Authors: Kate G Et al.
Elife 2022;11
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Commitment and oncogene-induced plasticity of human stem cell-derived pancreatic acinar and ductal organoids.
Authors: Ling Et al.
Cell Stem Cell 2021;28:1090-1104.e6
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Autologous transplant therapy alleviates motor and depressive behaviors in parkinsonian monkeys.
Authors: Viktoriya Et al.
Nat Med 2021;27:632-639
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Non-invasive and high-throughput interrogation of exon-specific isoform expression.
Authors: Peter Et al.
Nat Cell Biol 2021;23:652-663
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Single-molecule, full-length transcript isoform sequencing reveals disease-associated RNA isoforms in cardiomyocytes.
Authors: Benjamin Et al.
Nat Commun 2021;12:4203
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Dynamic effects of genetic variation on gene expression revealed following hypoxic stress in cardiomyocytes.
Authors: Matthew Et al.
Elife 2021;10
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Functional dynamic genetic effects on gene regulation are specific to particular cell types and environmental conditions.
Authors: David E Et al.
Elife 2021;10
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Deep Characterization of Circular RNAs from Human Cardiovascular Cell Models and Cardiac Tissue.
Authors: Johannes Et al.
Cells 2020;9
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iPSC Modeling of RBM20-Deficient DCM Identifies Upregulation of RBM20 as a Therapeutic Strategy.
Authors: Michael Et al.
Cell Rep 2020;32:108117
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Systematic Comparison of High-throughput Single-Cell and Single-Nucleus Transcriptomes during Cardiomyocyte Differentiation.
Authors: Yoav Et al.
Sci Rep 2020;10:1535
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A generally conserved response to hypoxia in iPSC-derived cardiomyocytes from humans and chimpanzees.
Authors: Ward and Gilad
Elife 2019;8
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Cross-Regulation between TDP-43 and Paraspeckles Promotes Pluripotency-Differentiation Transition.
Authors: Modic Et al.
Mol Cell 2019;74:951
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A promoter interaction map for cardiovascular disease genetics.
Authors: Montefiori Et al.
Elife 2018;7
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Inhibition of methyltransferase Setd7 allows in vitro expansion of myogenic stem cells with improved therapetic potential.
Authors: Judson Et al.
Cell Stem Cell 2018;22:177
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