Human EN-RAGE/S100A12 Biotinylated Antibody Summary
Met1-Glu92
Accession # P80511
Applications
Please Note: Optimal dilutions should be determined by each laboratory for each application. General Protocols are available in the Technical Information section on our website.
Scientific Data
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EN‑RAGE/S100A12 in Human Tonsil. EN-RAGE/S100A12 was detected in immersion fixed paraffin-embedded sections of human tonsil using 10 µg/mL Goat Anti-Human EN-RAGE/ S100A12 Biotinylated Antigen Affinity-purified Polyclonal Antibody (Catalog # BAF1052) overnight at 4 °C. Tissue was stained with the Anti-Goat HRP-DAB Cell & Tissue Staining Kit (brown; Catalog # CTS008) and counterstained with hematoxylin (blue). View our protocol for Chromogenic IHC Staining of Paraffin-embedded Tissue Sections.
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EN-RAGE/S100A12 in Human Tonsil. EN-RAGE/S100A12 was detected in immersion fixed paraffin-embedded sections of human tonsil using Goat Anti-Human EN-RAGE/S100A12 Biotinylated Antigen Affinity-purified Polyclonal Antibody (Catalog # BAF1052) at 10 µg/mL overnight at 4 °C. Tissue was stained using the Anti-Goat HRP-DAB Cell & Tissue Staining Kit (brown; Catalog # CTS008) and counterstained with hematoxylin (blue). Lower panel shows a lack of labeling if primary antibodies are omitted and tissue is stained only with secondary antibody followed by incubation with detection reagents. View our protocol for Chromogenic IHC Staining of Paraffin-embedded Tissue Sections.
Reconstitution Calculator
Preparation and Storage
- 12 months from date of receipt, -20 to -70 °C as supplied.
- 1 month, 2 to 8 °C under sterile conditions after reconstitution.
- 6 months, -20 to -70 °C under sterile conditions after reconstitution.
Background: EN-RAGE/S100A12
EN-RAGE, also known as S100A12 and Calgranulin C, is a 10 kDa member of the S100 (soluble in 100% saturated ammonium sulfate) family of EF-hand calcium‑binding proteins. Like other S100 proteins, S100A12 is small and generally acidic (1‑3). EN-RAGE forms noncovalent homodimers in the absence of divalent cations (4‑6); calcium and zinc promote the formation of higher order assemblies including tetramers and hexamers (4, 7, 8). The ability of S100A12 to chelate zinc enables it to inhibit the zinc-dependent metalloproteases MMP-2, -3, and -9 (8). S100A12 also forms heterodimers with S100A9 and binds to RAGE (Receptor for Advanced Glycation End-products), Annexin V, and several cytosolic enzymes involved in energy metabolism (9, 10). The hexameric form of EN-RAGE in particular binds RAGE with high affinity (7). EN-RAGE induces a variety of inflammatory responses including the in vivo recruitment of neutrophils, monocytes, and mast cells and the activation of mast cells and vascular endothelial cells (9, 11‑14). EN-RAGE is found at elevated levels under inflammatory conditions such as asthma, gout, rheumatoid arthritis synovial fluid, and atherosclerosis (8, 12, 14). S100A12 also promotes neurite outgrowth in isolated hippocampal neurons (15). An ortholog of S100A12 has not been identified in rodents, but the human protein is functional in mice and rats (11‑16).
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- Leclerc, E. et al. (2009) Biochim. Biophys. Acta 1793:993.
- Wicki, R. et al. (1996) Cell Calcium 20:459.
- Moroz, O.V. et al. (2009) BMC Biochem. 10:11.
- Miranda, L.P. et al. (2001) FEBS Lett. 488:85.
- Vogl, T. et al. (1999) J. Biol. Chem. 274:25291.
- Xie, J. et al. (2007) J. Biol. Chem. 282:4218.
- Goyette, J. et al. (2009) J. Immunol. 183:593.
- Hatakeyama, T. et al. (2004) Eur. J. Biochem. 271:3765.
- Hofmann, M.A. et al. (1999) Cell 97:889.
- Yang, Z. et al. (2001) J. Leukoc. Biol. 69:986.
- Rouleau, P. et al. (2003) Clin. Immunol. 107:46.
- Yan, W.X. et al. (2008) J. Biol. Chem. 283:13035.
- Yang, Z. et al. (2007) J. Allergy Clin. Immunol. 119:106.
- Mikkelsen, S.E. et al. (2001) J. Neurochem. 79:767.
- Fuellen, G. et al. (2004) OMICS 8:334.
Product Datasheets
Citations for Human EN-RAGE/S100A12 Biotinylated Antibody
R&D Systems personnel manually curate a database that contains references using R&D Systems products. The data collected includes not only links to publications in PubMed, but also provides information about sample types, species, and experimental conditions.
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S100/Calgranulin-mediated inflammation accelerates left ventricular hypertrophy and aortic valve sclerosis in chronic kidney disease in a receptor for advanced glycation end products-dependent manner.
Authors: Yan L, Mathew L, Chellan B, Gardner B, Earley J, Puri T, Hofmann Bowman M
Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol, 2014-05-22;34(7):1399-411.
Species: Human
Sample Types: Serum
Applications: ELISA Development (Detection) -
Plasma profiles in active systemic juvenile idiopathic arthritis: Biomarkers and biological implications.
Authors: Ling XB, Park JL, Carroll T, Nguyen KD, Lau K, Macaubas C, Chen E, Lee T, Sandborg C, Milojevic D, Kanegaye JT, Gao S, Burns J, Schilling J, Mellins ED
Proteomics, 2010-11-23;10(24):4415-30.
Species: Human
Sample Types: Plasma
Applications: ELISA Development
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