Human GITR Ligand/TNFSF18 PerCP-conjugated Antibody Summary
Glu52-Ser177
Accession # Q9UNG2
Applications
Please Note: Optimal dilutions should be determined by each laboratory for each application. General Protocols are available in the Technical Information section on our website.
Scientific Data
Detection of GITR Ligand/TNFSF18 in HUVEC Human Cells by Flow Cytometry. HUVEC human umbilical vein endothelial cells were stained with Mouse Anti-Human GITR Ligand/TNFSF18 PerCP-conjugated Monoclonal Antibody (Catalog # FAB6941C, filled histogram) or isotype control antibody (Catalog # IC002C, open histogram). View our protocol for Staining Membrane-associated Proteins.
Reconstitution Calculator
Preparation and Storage
- 12 months from date of receipt, 2 to 8 °C as supplied.
Background: GITR Ligand/TNFSF18
GITR (Glucocorticoid-Induced TNF Receptor superfamily-related protein, also named AITR, Activation-Inducible TNF Receptor superfamily-related protein) and GITR ligand (GITRL) are novel members of the TNF receptor (TNFR) and TNF superfamilies (SF) that have been designated TNFRSF18 and TNFSF18, respectively. Human GITRL cDNA encodes a 177 amino acid residues type II membrane protein. The carboxy-terminal extracellular domain shows sequence identity to TNF/TNFSF2 (21%), Fas ligand/TNFSF6 (21%), TRAIL/TNFSF10 (18%), and lymphotoxin alpha /TNFSF1 (18%). GITRL is constitutively expressed in human umbilical vein endothelial cells but is not expressed in resting or stimulated T cell lines, B cell lines or peripheral blood mononuclear cells. GITR, the receptor for GITRL, is expressed at low levels in peripheral blood T cells, bone marrow, thymus, spleen and lymph nodes. In contrast to mouse GITR, expression of human GITR is not induced by treatment with dexamethasone, but is up-regulated by antigen-receptor stimulation or by treatment with either soluble anti-CD3 plus anti-CD28, or PMA plus ionomycin. Ligation of GITR has been found to induce nuclear factor (NF)-kappa B activation via TNF receptor-associated factor 2 and protect cells from TCR activation-induced cell death. It has been proposed that GITRL and GITR may modulate T lymphocyte functions in peripheral tissues.
- Nocentini, G. et al. (1997) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 94:6216.
- Kwon, B. et al. (1999) J. Biol. Chem. 274:6056.
- Gurney, A.L. et al. (1999) Curr. Biol. 9:215.
- Kwon, B. et al. (1999) Curr. Opin. Immunol. 11:340.
Product Datasheets
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