Human Lymphotoxin-alpha /TNF-beta Biotinylated Antibody Summary
Leu35-Leu205
Accession # P01374
Applications
Human Lymphotoxin-alpha /TNF-beta Sandwich Immunoassay
Please Note: Optimal dilutions should be determined by each laboratory for each application. General Protocols are available in the Technical Information section on our website.
Reconstitution Calculator
Preparation and Storage
- 12 months from date of receipt, -20 to -70 °C as supplied.
- 1 month, 2 to 8 °C under sterile conditions after reconstitution.
- 6 months, -20 to -70 °C under sterile conditions after reconstitution.
Background: Lymphotoxin-alpha/TNF-beta
Tumor necrosis factor beta (TNF-beta ), also known as lymphotoxin-alpha (LT-alpha ), and TNF-alpha, are two structurally and functionally related proteins that bind to the same cell surface receptors (TNF RI and TNF RII) and produce a vast range of similar, but not identical, effects. Among these effects is the ability to kill certain tumor cells directly, from which the names tumor necrosis factor and lymphotoxin both derive. Mature TNF-beta /LT-alpha and TNF-alpha share approximately 35% protein sequence homology and the biologically active secreted forms of both proteins are homotrimers. Whereas TNF-alpha can exist as a type II membrane protein, TNF-beta /LT-alpha possesses a typical signal peptide sequence and is a secreted protein. It has been shown that TNF-beta /LT-alpha is also present on the cell surface of activated T, B and LAK cells as a heteromeric complex with LT-beta, a type II membrane protein that is another member of the TNF ligand family. The genes for TNF-alpha, TNF-beta /LT-alpha, and LT-beta are closely linked within the major histocompatibility complex.
TNF-beta /LT-alpha is expressed in activated T- and B-lymphocytes. In addition to its cytotoxic action on tumor cells, TNF-beta /LT-alpha has been shown to be a mediator of inflammation and immune function. Evidence is also accumulating that TNF-beta /LT-alpha and TNF-alpha are mediators in the pathogenesis of certain autoimmune diseases. TNF-beta /LT-alpha has also been shown to have a role in lymphoid organ development. Human and mouse TNF-beta /LT-alpha share approximately 74% homology in their amino acid sequence and exhibit cross-species activity.
Product Datasheets
Citations for Human Lymphotoxin-alpha /TNF-beta Biotinylated Antibody
R&D Systems personnel manually curate a database that contains references using R&D Systems products. The data collected includes not only links to publications in PubMed, but also provides information about sample types, species, and experimental conditions.
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A comprehensive ex vivo functional analysis of human NKT cells reveals production of MIP1-alpha and MIP1-beta, a lack of IL-17, and a Th1-bias in males.
Authors: Snyder-Cappione JE, Tincati C, Eccles-James IG, Cappione AJ, Ndhlovu LC, Koth LL, Nixon DF
PLoS ONE, 2010-11-03;5(11):e15412.
Species: Human
Sample Types: Whole Cells
Applications: ELISpot Development -
Lymphotoxin-alphabeta heterotrimers are cleaved by metalloproteinases and contribute to synovitis in rheumatoid arthritis.
Authors: Young J, Yu X, Wolslegel K
Cytokine, 2010-03-31;51(1):78-86.
Species: Human
Sample Types: Cell Culture Supernates, Cell Lysates
Applications: ELISA Development, Western Blot -
Marked differences in human melanoma antigen-specific T cell responsiveness after vaccination using a functional microarray.
Authors: Chen DS, Soen Y, Stuge TB
PLoS Med., 2005-09-20;2(10):e265.
Species: Human
Sample Types: Whole Cells
Applications: Functional Assay
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