Human/Mouse Frizzled-4 Antibody Summary
Phe37-Glu180
Accession # Q61088
Applications
Please Note: Optimal dilutions should be determined by each laboratory for each application. General Protocols are available in the Technical Information section on our website.
Reconstitution Calculator
Preparation and Storage
- 12 months from date of receipt, -20 to -70 °C as supplied.
- 1 month, 2 to 8 °C under sterile conditions after reconstitution.
- 6 months, -20 to -70 °C under sterile conditions after reconstitution.
Background: Frizzled-4
Frizzled-4, designated CD344, is a 7-transmembrane glycoprotein of the Frizzled family within the G-protein coupled receptor superfamily (1, 2). Frizzled proteins function as receptors for Wnt proteins and can activate canonical Wnt/beta-catenin signaling as well as planar cell polarity and calcium flux pathways (1). Frizzled-4 is particularly important in angiogenic Wnt pathway signaling (1, 5). Frizzleds contain a divergent N-terminal signal peptide, a highly conserved ~120 amino acid (aa) cysteine-rich domain (CRD), a variable length linker region, seven transmembrane domains, and a variable-length C-terminal tail (1). The mouse Frizzled-4 cDNA encodes 537 aa with a 36 aa signal sequence and a 186 aa N-terminal extracellular sequence (4). The portion expressed includes aa 37-180, and shares 93%, 94%, 90%, 89% and 88% identity with human, rat, equine, bovine and canine Frizzled-4, respectively. This portion competes for Wnt binding with endogenous receptors. In humans, a 122 aa soluble form that diverges at aa 95 is proposed to be a positive regulator of Wnt signaling pathways (5). Frizzled-4 is unusual in binding a non-wnt ligand, Norrin, in addition to binding Wnt ligands (1, 3, 6). Norrin binds the Frizzled-4 CRD, activates Wnt signaling pathways and uses LRP5/6 as co-receptors (3, 6). Deletion of either Frizzled-4 or Norrin in mice results in a similar phenotype including malformation of vasculature in the retina, cerebellar degeneration, and loss of hair cells in the inner ear (1, 3, 7). In humans, blindness due to familial exudative vitreoretinopathy (FEVR) is associated with mutations producing loss of function of Frizzled-4 or Norrin, designated EVR1 and EVR2, respectively (1, 3, 8). Frizzled-4 expression has been found in many tissues, including mouse ovary, where it influences corpus luteum vasculogenesis and is necessary for fertility (4, 9).
- Huang, H-C. and P.S. Klein (2004) Genome Biol. 5:234.
- Parmalee, N.L. and J. Kitajewski (2008) Curr. Drug Targets 9:558.
- Xu, Q. et al. (2004) Cell 116:883.
- Wang, Y. et al. (1996) J. Biol. Chem. 271:4468.
- Sagara, N. et al. (2001) Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 282:750.
- Smallwood, P.M. et al. (2007) J. Biol. Chem. 282:4057.
- Wang, Y. et al. (2001) J. Neurosci. 21:4761.
- Robitaille, J. et al. (2002) Nat. Genet. 32:326.
- Hsieh, M. et al. (2005) Biol. Reprod. 73:1135.
Product Datasheets
Citations for Human/Mouse Frizzled-4 Antibody
R&D Systems personnel manually curate a database that contains references using R&D Systems products. The data collected includes not only links to publications in PubMed, but also provides information about sample types, species, and experimental conditions.
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Citations: Showing 1 - 7
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Antibody-Mediated Inhibition of Tspan12 Ameliorates Vasoproliferative Retinopathy Through Suppression of beta -Catenin Signaling
Authors: Felicitas Bucher, Ding Zhang, Edith Aguilar, Susumu Sakimoto, Sophia Diaz-Aguilar, Mauricio Rosenfeld et al.
Circulation
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Ileal Crohn's Disease Exhibits Reduced Activity of Phospholipase C-?3-Dependent Wnt/?-Catenin Signaling Pathway
Authors: Ando, T;Takazawa, I;Spencer, ZT;Ito, R;Tomimori, Y;Mikulski, Z;Matsumoto, K;Ishitani, T;Denson, LA;Kawakami, Y;Kawakami, Y;Kitaura, J;Ahmed, Y;Kawakami, T;
Cells
Species: Mouse, Transgenic Mouse
Sample Types: Tissue Homogenates, Cell Lysates
Applications: Western Blot -
The Lin28b/Wnt5a axis drives pancreas cancer through crosstalk between cancer associated fibroblasts and tumor epithelium
Authors: Shu, Z;Fan, M;Tu, B;Tang, Z;Wang, H;Li, H;Li, H;Yuan, M;Bai, J;Huo, S;Wang, L;Zhu, WG;Wang, W;Liu, X;Shu, S;Zhao, Y;
Nature communications
Species: Mouse
Sample Types: Whole Cells
Applications: Flow Cytometry -
Deciphering the Cardiovascular Potential of Human CD34+ Stem Cells
Authors: Aries, A;Zanetti, C;Hénon, P;Drénou, B;Lahlil, R;
International journal of molecular sciences
Species: Human
Sample Types: Whole Cells
Applications: ICC -
Alkaline Phosphatase Controls Lineage Switching of Mesenchymal Stem Cells by Regulating the LRP6/GSK3? Complex in Hypophosphatasia
Authors: W Liu, L Zhang, K Xuan, C Hu, L Li, Y Zhang, F Jin, Y Jin
Theranostics, 2018-11-09;8(20):5575-5592.
Species: Human
Sample Types: Cell Lysates
Applications: Western Blot -
Cross-talk between Wnt signaling pathways in human mesenchymal stem cells leads to functional antagonism during osteogenic differentiation.
Authors: Baksh D, Boland GM, Tuan RS
J. Cell. Biochem., 2007-08-01;101(5):1109-24.
Species: Human
Sample Types: Whole Cells
Applications: Flow Cytometry -
Activity-dependent synaptic Wnt release regulates hippocampal long term potentiation.
Authors: Chen J, Park CS, Tang SJ
J. Biol. Chem., 2006-02-24;281(17):11910-6.
Species: Mouse
Sample Types: Tissue Homogenates
Applications: IHC-P
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