Recombinant Equine IFN-gamma Protein Summary
Product Specifications
Ala25-Gln166
Analysis
Product Datasheets
Carrier Free
CF stands for Carrier Free (CF). We typically add Bovine Serum Albumin (BSA) as a carrier protein to our recombinant proteins. Adding a carrier protein enhances protein stability, increases shelf-life, and allows the recombinant protein to be stored at a more dilute concentration. The carrier free version does not contain BSA.
In general, we advise purchasing the recombinant protein with BSA for use in cell or tissue culture, or as an ELISA standard. In contrast, the carrier free protein is recommended for applications, in which the presence of BSA could interfere.
1586-HG
Formulation | Lyophilized from a 0.2 μm filtered solution in Sodium Succinate, Mannitol and Tween® 80 with BSA as a carrier protein. |
Reconstitution | Reconstitute at 25 μg/mL in sterile PBS containing at least 0.1% human or bovine serum albumin. |
Shipping | The product is shipped at ambient temperature. Upon receipt, store it immediately at the temperature recommended below. |
Stability & Storage: | Use a manual defrost freezer and avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
|
1586-HG/CF
Formulation | Lyophilized from a 0.2 μm filtered solution in Sodium Succinate, Mannitol and Tween® 80. |
Reconstitution | Reconstitute at 100 μg/mL in sterile PBS. |
Shipping | The product is shipped at ambient temperature. Upon receipt, store it immediately at the temperature recommended below. |
Stability & Storage: | Use a manual defrost freezer and avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
|
Reconstitution Calculator
Background: IFN-gamma
Interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma ), also known as type II or immune interferon, exerts a wide range of immunoregulatory activities and is considered to be the prototype proinflammatory cytokine (1, 2). Mature equine IFN-gamma exists as a noncovalently linked homodimer of 20‑25 kDa variably glycosylated subunits (3, 4). It shares 73%‑82% amino acid sequence identity with bovine, canine, feline, and porcine IFN-gamma and 42%‑64% with cotton rat, human, mouse, rat, and rhesus IFN-gamma. IFN-gamma dimers bind to IFN-gamma RI (alpha subunits) which then interact with IFN-gamma RII (beta subunits) to form the functional receptor complex of two alpha and two beta subunits. Inclusion of IFN-gamma RII increases the binding affinity for ligand and the efficiency of signal transduction (5, 6). IFN-gamma is produced by a variety of immune cells under inflammatory conditions, notably by T cells and NK cells (7). It plays a key role in host defense by promoting the development and activation of Th1 cells, chemoattraction and activation of monocytes and macrophages, upregulation of antigen presentation molecules, and immunoglobulin class switching in B cells. It also exhibits antiviral, antiproliferative, and apoptotic effects (7, 8). In addition, IFN-gamma functions as an anti-inflammatory mediator by promoting the development of regulatory T cells and inhibiting Th17 cell differentiation (9, 10). The pleiotropic effects of IFN-gamma contribute to the development of multiple aspects of atherosclerosis (8).
- Billiau, A. and P. Matthys (2009) Cytokine Growth Factor Rev. 20:97.
- Pestka, S. et al. (2004) Immunol. Rev. 202:8.
- Grunig, G. et al. (1994) Immunogenetics 39:448.
- Curran, J.A. et al. (1994) DNA Seq. 4:405.
- Marsters, S.A. et al. (1995) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. 92:5401.
- Krause, C.D. et al. (2000) J. Biol. Chem. 275:22995.
- Schroder, K. et al. (2004) J. Leukoc. Biol. 75:163.
- McLaren, J.E. and D.P. Ramji (2009) Cytokine Growth Factor Rev. 20:125.
- Muhl, H. and J. Pfeilschifter (2003) Int. Immunopharmacol. 3:1247.
- Kelchtermans, H. et al. (2008) Trends Immunol. 29:479.
Citations for Recombinant Equine IFN-gamma Protein
R&D Systems personnel manually curate a database that contains references using R&D Systems products. The data collected includes not only links to publications in PubMed, but also provides information about sample types, species, and experimental conditions.
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Equine Arteritis Virus in Monocytic Cells Suppresses Differentiation and Function of Dendritic Cells
Authors: NA Moyo, D Westcott, R Simmonds, F Steinbach
Viruses, 2023-01-16;15(1):.
Species: Equine
Sample Types: Whole Cells
Applications: Bioassay -
Priming with inflammatory cytokines is not a prerequisite to increase immune-suppressive effects and responsiveness of equine amniotic mesenchymal stromal cells
Authors: A Lange-Cons, P Romele, M Magatti, A Silini, A Idda, NA Martino, F Cremonesi, O Parolini
Stem Cell Res Ther, 2020-03-04;11(1):99.
Species: Equine
Sample Types: Whole Cells
Applications: Cell Culture -
Allo-antibody production after intraarticular administration of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) in an equine osteoarthritis model: effect of repeated administration, MSC inflammatory stimulation, and equine leukocyte antigen (ELA) compatibility
Authors: L Barrachina, A Cequier, A Romero, A Vitoria, P Zaragoza, FJ Vázquez, C Rodellar
Stem Cell Res Ther, 2020-02-07;11(1):52.
Species: Equine
Sample Types: Whole Cells
Applications: Cell Culture -
Inflammatory licensed equine MSCs are chondroprotective and exhibit enhanced immunomodulation in an inflammatory environment
Authors: JM Cassano, LV Schnabel, MB Goodale, LA Fortier
Stem Cell Res Ther, 2018-04-03;9(1):82.
Species: Equine
Sample Types: Whole Cells
Applications: Bioassay -
Effects of priming with cytokines on intracellular survival and replication of Rhodococcus equi in equine macrophages
Authors: LJ Berghaus, S Giguère, AI Bordin, ND Cohen
Cytokine, 2017-12-12;102(0):7-11.
Species: Equine
Sample Types: Whole Cells
Applications: Bioassay -
Equine dendritic cells generated with horse serum have enhanced functionality in comparison to dendritic cells generated with fetal bovine serum
BMC Vet. Res., 2016-11-15;12(1):254.
Species: Equine
Sample Types: Whole Cells
Applications: Bioassay -
Utility of a Mouse Model of Osteoarthritis to Demonstrate Cartilage Protection by IFN?-Primed Equine Mesenchymal Stem Cells
Authors: Danièle Noel
Front Immunol, 2016-09-27;7(0):392.
Species: Equine
Sample Types: Whole Cells
Applications: Bioassay -
Disparities in TLR5 Expression and Responsiveness to Flagellin in Equine Neutrophils and Mononuclear Phagocytes.
Authors: Kwon S, Gewirtz AT, Hurley DJ, Robertson TP, Moore JN, Vandenplas ML
J. Immunol., 2011-04-25;186(11):6263-70.
Species: Equine
Sample Types: Whole Cells
Applications: Bioassay
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