Recombinant Human Osteoprotegerin/TNFRSF11B Protein
Recombinant Human Osteoprotegerin/TNFRSF11B Protein Summary
Product Specifications
Glu22-Leu401
Analysis
Product Datasheets
Carrier Free
CF stands for Carrier Free (CF). We typically add Bovine Serum Albumin (BSA) as a carrier protein to our recombinant proteins. Adding a carrier protein enhances protein stability, increases shelf-life, and allows the recombinant protein to be stored at a more dilute concentration. The carrier free version does not contain BSA.
In general, we advise purchasing the recombinant protein with BSA for use in cell or tissue culture, or as an ELISA standard. In contrast, the carrier free protein is recommended for applications, in which the presence of BSA could interfere.
185-OS
| Formulation | Lyophilized from a 0.2 μm filtered solution in PBS with BSA as a carrier protein. |
| Reconstitution | Reconstitute at 100 μg/mL in sterile PBS containing at least 0.1% human or bovine serum albumin. |
| Shipping | The product is shipped at ambient temperature. Upon receipt, store it immediately at the temperature recommended below. |
| Stability & Storage: | Use a manual defrost freezer and avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
|
185-OS/CF
| Formulation | Lyophilized from a 0.2 μm filtered solution in PBS. |
| Reconstitution | Reconstitute at 100 μg/mL in sterile PBS. |
| Shipping | The product is shipped at ambient temperature. Upon receipt, store it immediately at the temperature recommended below. |
| Stability & Storage: | Use a manual defrost freezer and avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
|
Reconstitution Calculator
Background: Osteoprotegerin/TNFRSF11B
Osteoprotegerin (OPG), also called OCIF (osteoclastogenesis inhibitory factor) is a secreted 55-60 kDa protein that regulates bone density (1-3). As a member of the tumor necrosis factor receptor (TNFR) superfamily of proteins, it is designated TNFRSF11B (1-4). Human OPG cDNA encodes 401 amino acids (aa) including a 21 aa signal peptide and a 380 aa mature soluble protein with four TNFR domains, two death domains and a heparin-binding region (4). The cysteine-rich TNFR domains are essential for ligand interaction, while a cysteine at the C-terminus mediates homodimerization (4). Mature human OPG shares 86%, 87%, 92%, 92% and 88% amino acid sequence identity with mouse, rat, equine, canine and bovine OPG, respectively. OPG is widely expressed and constitutively released as a homodimer by mesenchymal stem cells, fibroblasts and endothelial cells (1, 2, 5, 7). Regulation of its expression by estrogen, parathyroid hormone and cytokines is complex and changes with age (2). OPG has been called a decoy receptor for the TNF superfamily ligands, TRANCE (tumor necrosis factor-related activation-induced cytokine), also called RANK L (receptor activator of NF kappa B ligand), and TRAIL (TNF-related apoptosis-inducing ligand), which also bind TNF family receptors RANK and TRAIL receptors 1-4, respectively (2, 6). TRAIL decreases the release of OPG from cells that express it, while OPG inhibits TRAIL-induced apoptosis (5, 6). Expression of RANK L on the cell surface, and thus its ability to stimulate osteoclastogenesis, is regulated by OPG by intracellular and extracellular mechanisms (7). Within osteoblasts, interaction of the basic domain of OPG with RANK L in the Golgi inhibits RANK L secretion (7). Extracellularly, OPG binding to RANK L results in clathrin-mediated internalization and degradation of both proteins (7, 8). Binding of OPG by syndecan-1 heparin sulfates on multiple myeloma cells also results in OPG internalization and degradation, contributing to bone loss (8, 9). OPG deficiency can cause juvenile Paget’s disease in humans, and insufficient OPG to balance with RANK L and RANK can produce osteoporosis and vascular calcification in both mice and humans (2, 10, 11).
- Simonet, W.S. et al. (1997) Cell 89:309.
- Trouvin, A-P. and V. Goeb 2010) Clin. Interv. Aging 5:345.
- Yasuda, H. et al. (1998) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 95:3597.
- Yamaguchi, K. et al. (1998) J. Biol. Chem. 273:5117.
- Corallini, F. et al. (2010) J. Cell. Physiol. Dec. 6 [Epub ahead of print].
- Emery, J.G. et al. (1998) J. Biol. Chem. 273:14363.
- Aoki, S. et al. (2010) J. Bone Miner. Res. 25:1907.
- Tat, S.K. et al. (2006) Bone 39:706.
- Standal, T. et al. (2002) Blood 100:3002.
- Whyte, M.P. et al. (2002) N. Engl. J. Med. 347:175.
- Van Campenhout, A. and J. Golledge (2009) Atherosclerosis 204:321.
Citations for Recombinant Human Osteoprotegerin/TNFRSF11B Protein
R&D Systems personnel manually curate a database that contains references using R&D Systems products. The data collected includes not only links to publications in PubMed, but also provides information about sample types, species, and experimental conditions.
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Effects of osteoprotegerin/TNFRSF11B in two models of abdominal aortic aneurysms
Authors: E Vorkapic, A Kunath, D Wågsäter
Mol Med Rep, 2018-04-27;0(0):.
Species: Mouse
Sample Types: In Vivo
Applications: In Vivo -
Mutations in osteoprotegerin account for the CCAL1 locus in calcium pyrophosphate deposition disease
Authors: CJ Williams, U Qazi, M Bernstein, A Charniak, C Gohr, E Mitton-Fit, A Ortiz, L Cardinal, AT Kaell, AK Rosenthal
Osteoarthr. Cartil., 2018-03-22;0(0):.
Species: Porcine
Sample Types: Whole Cells
Applications: Bioassay -
Modeling human pancreatic beta cell dedifferentiation
Authors: M Diedisheim, M Oshima, O Albagli, CW Huldt, I Ahlstedt, M Clausen, S Menon, A Aivazidis, AC Andreasson, WG Haynes, P Marchetti, L Marselli, M Armanet, F Chimienti, R Scharfmann
Mol Metab, 2018-02-08;0(0):.
Species: Human
Sample Types: Whole Cells
Applications: Bioassay -
Osteoprotegerin (OPG) activates integrin, focal adhesion kinase (FAK), and Akt signaling in ovarian cancer cells to attenuate TRAIL-induced apoptosis.
Authors: Lane D, Matte I, Laplante C, Garde-Granger P, Rancourt C, Piche A
J Ovarian Res, 2013-11-23;6(1):82.
Species: Human
Sample Types: Whole Cells
Applications: Bioassay -
Osteoprotegerin promotes the proliferation of chondrocytes and affects the expression of ADAMTS-5 and TIMP-4 through MEK/ERK signaling.
Authors: Feng Z, He Z, Zhang B, Chen Z
Mol Med Rep, 2013-10-08;8(6):1669-79.
Species: Rat
Sample Types: Whole Cells
Applications: Bioassay -
Widespread potential for growth-factor-driven resistance to anticancer kinase inhibitors.
Authors: Wilson TR, Fridlyand J, Yan Y, Penuel E, Burton L, Chan E, Peng J, Lin E, Wang Y, Sosman J, Ribas A, Li J, Moffat J, Sutherlin DP, Koeppen H, Merchant M, Neve R, Settleman J
Nature, 2012-07-26;487(7408):505-9.
Species: Human
Sample Types: Whole Cells
Applications: Bioassay -
Interleukin-32 promotes osteoclast differentiation but not osteoclast activation.
Authors: Mabilleau G, Sabokbar A
PLoS ONE, 2009-01-12;4(1):e4173.
Species: Human
Sample Types: Cell Culture Supernates
Applications: Direct ELISA -
Osteoprotegerin decreases human osteoclast apoptosis by inhibiting the TRAIL pathway.
Authors: Chamoux E, Houde N, L'Eriger K, Roux S
J. Cell. Physiol., 2008-08-01;216(2):536-42.
Species: Human
Sample Types: Whole Cells
Applications: Bioassay -
Selective targeting of death receptor 5 circumvents resistance of MG-63 osteosarcoma cells to TRAIL-induced apoptosis.
Authors: Locklin RM, Federici E, Espina B, Hulley PA, Russell RG, Edwards CM
Mol. Cancer Ther., 2007-12-07;6(12):3219-28.
Species: Human
Sample Types: Whole Cells
Applications: Bioassay -
Activation of the p53 pathway down-regulates the osteoprotegerin expression and release by vascular endothelial cells.
Authors: Secchiero P, Corallini F, Rimondi E, Chiaruttini C, di Iasio MG, Rustighi A, Del Sal G, Zauli G
Blood, 2007-11-13;111(3):1287-94.
Species: Human
Sample Types: Whole Cells
Applications: Bioassay -
Impairment of the antifibrotic effect of hepatocyte growth factor in lung fibroblasts from African Americans: possible role in systemic sclerosis.
Authors: Bogatkevich GS, Ludwicka-Bradley A, Highland KB, Hant F, Nietert PJ, Singleton CB, Feghali-Bostwick CA, Silver RM
Arthritis Rheum., 2007-07-01;56(7):2432-42.
Species: Human
Sample Types: Whole Cells
Applications: Bioassay -
Attenuation of bone mass and increase of osteoclast formation in decoy receptor 3 transgenic mice.
Authors: Tang CH, Hsu TL, Lin WW, Lai MZ, Yang RS, Hsieh SL, Fu WM
J. Biol. Chem., 2006-11-10;282(4):2346-54.
Species: Mouse
Sample Types: In Vivo
Applications: In Vivo
FAQs
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This protein datasheet indicates I need to use a cross-linking antibody, Catalog # MAB050, for biological activity. What is this antibody and is it really necessary?
The antibody is directed against a 6x histidine repeat and is recommended for use as a cross-linker of proteins with 6x his-tag. Crosslinking is often used for proteins that require receptor trimerization and can result greater biological activity. R&D Systems Quality Control tests the performance of these proteins in the presence of the cross-linking antibody. Therefore, it is necessary to use this antibody when trying to achieve the same level of specific activity described in the datasheet.
Reviews for Recombinant Human Osteoprotegerin/TNFRSF11B Protein
Average Rating: 5 (Based on 1 Review)
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