Recombinant Human Relaxin-2 (B-33/A-24) Protein Summary
Product Specifications
Val23-Arg55 (B chain), with an N-terminal Met & Gln162-Cys185 (A chain)
Analysis
Product Datasheets
Carrier Free
CF stands for Carrier Free (CF). We typically add Bovine Serum Albumin (BSA) as a carrier protein to our recombinant proteins. Adding a carrier protein enhances protein stability, increases shelf-life, and allows the recombinant protein to be stored at a more dilute concentration. The carrier free version does not contain BSA.
In general, we advise purchasing the recombinant protein with BSA for use in cell or tissue culture, or as an ELISA standard. In contrast, the carrier free protein is recommended for applications, in which the presence of BSA could interfere.
3596-RN
| Formulation | Lyophilized from a 0.2 μm filtered solution in Acetonitrile and TFA with BSA as a carrier protein. |
| Reconstitution | Reconstitute at 100 μg/mL in sterile PBS containing at least 0.1% human or bovine serum albumin. |
| Shipping | The product is shipped at ambient temperature. Upon receipt, store it immediately at the temperature recommended below. |
| Stability & Storage: | Use a manual defrost freezer and avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
|
3596-RN/CF
| Formulation | Lyophilized from a 0.2 μm filtered solution in Acetonitrile and TFA. |
| Reconstitution | Reconstitute at 100 μg/mL in sterile PBS. |
| Shipping | The product is shipped at ambient temperature. Upon receipt, store it immediately at the temperature recommended below. |
| Stability & Storage: | Use a manual defrost freezer and avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
|
Reconstitution Calculator
Background: Relaxin-2
Human Relaxin-2, also called H2 Relaxin, is a 6 kDa, 53 amino acid (aa) nonglycosylated, heterodimeric polypeptide that plays an important role in female reproduction (1, 2). Relaxin belongs to a structurally related insulin/relaxin superfamily that currently contains 10 members in human (2). To date, three human relaxin genes have been identified (1, 2). Among these, Relaxin-2 is best studied and the only known Relaxin to circulate in the blood (2, 3). As with other insulin/relaxin superfamily members, human Relaxin-2 is synthesized as a preprohormone (4). It is 18 kDa in size and 185 aa in length. It contains a 24 aa signal sequence, a 3.3 kDa, 31 aa B domain, a 106 aa C (or connecting) domain, and a C-terminal, 2.7 kDa, 24 aa A domain (2, 4, 5). Upon removal of the signal peptide, two intrachain disulfide bonds are created between the B and A chains. This is followed by prohormone convertase removal of the intervening C chain, creating a disulfide-linked heterodimer. Initially, the B chain is 31 aa in length and terminates with a Lys‑Arg dipeptide. This is subsequently cleaved by a carboxypeptidase to generate a 29 aa mature chain (5). The mature human Relaxin-2 heterodimer is 48%, 44% and 43% aa identical to rat, canine and porcine Relaxin-2, respectively. Human Relaxin-2 is 35% and 75% aa identical to human Relaxin-3 and 1, respectively. An alternate splice form for human Relaxin-2 has been reported (6). It is identical to the standard form through the first 70 aa of the preproprecursor. At this point, a 47 aa substitution occurs that appears to be absent in typical cleavage motifs. Relaxin confers its activity by binding to leucine-rich guanine nucleotide-binding (G-protein) coupled receptors, LGR7 and LGR8 (2, 7). Relaxin is best known as a hormone of parturition that promotes growth and softening of the cervix, and development of the mammary gland (2, 3). It also has a marked impact on the uterus. In particular, it promotes angiogenesis, inhibits MMP production and activity, and down‑regulates estrogen receptor-alpha expression (8).
- Hayes, E.S. (2004) Reprod Biol Endocrinol. 2:36.
- Sherwood, O.D. (2004) Endocr. Rev. 25:205.
- Wilkinson, T.N. et al. (2005) BMC Evol. Biol. 5:14.
- Hudson, P. et al. (1984) EMBO J. 3:2333.
- Marriott, D. et al. (1992) Mol. Endocrinol. 6:1441.
- Gunnersen, J.M. et al. (1996) Mol. Cell. Endocrinol. 118:85.
- Hsu, S.Y. et al. (2002) Science. 295:671.
- Goldsmith, L.T. et al. (2004) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 101:4685.
Citations for Recombinant Human Relaxin-2 (B-33/A-24) Protein
R&D Systems personnel manually curate a database that contains references using R&D Systems products. The data collected includes not only links to publications in PubMed, but also provides information about sample types, species, and experimental conditions.
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Relaxin treatment stimulates the differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells into osteoblasts
Authors: Escobar, LM;Bendahan, Z;Garcia, C;Castellanos, JE;
Journal of dental sciences
Species: Human
Sample Types: Whole Cells
Applications: Bioassay -
Human Relaxin-2 Fusion Protein Treatment Prevents and Reverses Isoproterenol-Induced Hypertrophy and Fibrosis in Mouse Heart
Authors: J Sun, W Hao, N Fillmore, H Ma, D Springer, ZX Yu, A Sadowska, A Garcia, R Chen, V Muniz-Medi, K Rosenthal, J Lin, D Kuruvilla, J Osbourn, SK Karathanas, J Walker, E Murphy
J Am Heart Assoc, 2019-12-10;8(24):e013465.
Species: Hamster, Human
Sample Types: Whole Cells
Applications: Bioassay -
Human relaxin-2 attenuates hepatic steatosis and fibrosis in mice with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease
Authors: KC Lee, YC Hsieh, CC Chan, HJ Sun, YH Huang, MC Hou, HC Lin
Lab. Invest., 2019-03-27;0(0):.
Species: Mouse
Sample Types: In Vivo
Applications: In Vivo -
Relaxin 2 carried by magnetically directed liposomes accelerates rat midpalatal suture expansion and subsequent new bone formation
Authors: H Kamimoto, Y Kobayashi, K Moriyama
Bone Rep, 2019-03-14;10(0):100202.
Species: Rat
Sample Types: In Vivo
Applications: In Vivo -
Identification of retinoic acid in a high content screen for agents that overcome the anti-myogenic effect of TGF-beta-1.
Authors: Krueger C, Hoffmann FM
PLoS ONE, 2010-11-30;5(11):e15511.
Species: Mouse
Sample Types: Whole Cells
Applications: Bioassay
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