Recombinant Human ST2/IL-33R Fc Chimera Protein, CF Summary
Product Specifications
Optimal dilutions should be determined by each laboratory for each application.
Human ST2 (Lys19-Phe328) Accession # BAA02233 |
IEGRMD | Human IgG1 (Pro100-Lys330) |
6-His tag |
N-terminus | C-terminus | ||
Analysis
Product Datasheets
Carrier Free
CF stands for Carrier Free (CF). We typically add Bovine Serum Albumin (BSA) as a carrier protein to our recombinant proteins. Adding a carrier protein enhances protein stability, increases shelf-life, and allows the recombinant protein to be stored at a more dilute concentration. The carrier free version does not contain BSA.
In general, we advise purchasing the recombinant protein with BSA for use in cell or tissue culture, or as an ELISA standard. In contrast, the carrier free protein is recommended for applications, in which the presence of BSA could interfere.
523-ST
Formulation | Lyophilized from a 0.2 μm filtered solution in PBS. |
Reconstitution | Reconstitute at 100 μg/mL in sterile PBS. |
Shipping | The product is shipped at ambient temperature. Upon receipt, store it immediately at the temperature recommended below. |
Stability & Storage: | Use a manual defrost freezer and avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
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Reconstitution Calculator
Background: ST2/IL-33R
ST2, also known as IL-1 R4 and T1, is an Interleukin-1 receptor family glycoprotein that contributes to Th2 immune responses (1, 2). Human ST2 consists of a 310 amino acid (aa) extracellular domain (ECD) with three Ig-like domains, a 21 aa transmembrane segment, and a 207 aa cytoplasmic domain with an intracellular TIR domain (3, 4). Alternate splicing of the 120 kDa human ST2 generates a soluble 60 kDa isoform that lacks the transmembrane and cytoplasmic regions as well as an isoform that additionally lacks the third Ig‑like domain (4). Within the ECD, human ST2 shares 68% and 64% aa sequence identity with mouse and rat ST2, respectively. ST2 is expressed on the surface of mast cells, activated Th2 cells, macrophages, and cardiac myocytes (5-8). It binds IL-33, a cytokine that is upregulated by inflammation or mechanical strain in smooth muscle cells, airway epithelia, keratinocytes, and cardiac fibroblasts (5, 9). IL-33 binding induces the association of ST2 with IL-1R AcP, a shared signaling subunit that also associates with IL-1 RI and IL-1 R rp2 (1, 10, 11). In macrophages, ST2 interferes with signaling from IL-1 RI and TLR4 by sequestering the adaptor proteins MyD88 and Mal (7). In addition to its role in promoting mast cell and Th2 dependent inflammation, ST2 activation enhances antigen induced hypernociception and protects from atherosclerosis and cardiac hypertrophy (5, 12-14). The soluble ST2 isoform is released by activated Th2 cells and strained cardiac myocytes and is elevated in the serum in allergic asthma (6, 8, 15). Soluble ST2 functions as a decoy receptor that blocks IL‑33’s ability to signal through transmembrane ST2 (10, 13‑15).
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Barksby, H.E. et al. (2007) Clin. Exp. Immunol. 149:217.
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Gadina, M. and C.A. Jefferies (2007) Science STKE 2007:pe31.
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Tominaga, S. et al. (1992) Biochim. Biophys. Acta 1171:215.
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Li, H. et al. (2000) Genomics 67:284.
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Schmitz, J. et al. (2005) Immunity 23:479.
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Lecart, S. et al. (2002) Eur. J. Immunol. 32:2979.
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Brint, E.K. et al. (2004) Nat. Immunol. 5:373.
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Weinberg, E.O. et al. (2002) Circulation 106:2961.
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Sanada S. et al. (2007) J. Clin. Invest. 117:1538.
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Palmer, G. et al. (2008) Cytokine 42:358.
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Chackerian, A.A. et al. (2007) J. Immunol. 179:2551.
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Allakhverdi, Z. et al. (2007) J. Immunol. 179:2051.
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Verri Jr., W.A. et al. (2008) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. 105:2723.
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Miller, A.M. et al. (2008) J. Exp. Med. 205:339.
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Hayakawa, H. et al. (2007) J. Biol. Chem. 282:26369.
Citations for Recombinant Human ST2/IL-33R Fc Chimera Protein, CF
R&D Systems personnel manually curate a database that contains references using R&D Systems products. The data collected includes not only links to publications in PubMed, but also provides information about sample types, species, and experimental conditions.
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Citations: Showing 1 - 10
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Identification and Validation of Nutrient State-Dependent Serum Protein Mediators of Human CD4+ T Cell Responsiveness
Authors: K Han, K Singh, MJ Rodman, S Hassanzade, Y Baumer, RD Huffstutle, J Chen, J Candia, F Cheung, KER Stagliano, M Pirooznia, TM Powell-Wil, MN Sack
Nutrients, 2021-04-28;13(5):.
Species: Human
Sample Types: Whole Cells
Applications: Bioassay -
Soluble St2 Induces Cardiac Fibroblast Activation and Collagen Synthesis via Neuropilin-1
Authors: L Matilla, V Arrieta, E Jover, A Garcia-Peñ, E Martinez-M, R Sadaba, V Alvarez, A Navarro, A Fernandez-, A Gainza, E Santamaria, J Fernandez-, P Rossignol, F Zannad, N Lopez-Andr
Cells, 2020-07-10;9(7):.
Species: Human
Sample Types: Whole Cells
Applications: Cell Culture -
Plasma levels of soluble ST2, but not IL-33, correlate with the severity of alcoholic liver disease
Authors: Z Sun, B Chang, A Huang, S Hao, M Gao, Y Sun, M Shi, L Jin, W Zhang, J Zhao, G Teng, L Han, H Tian, Q Liang, JY Zhang, Z Zou
J. Cell. Mol. Med., 2018-11-27;0(0):.
Species: Human
Sample Types: Whole Cells
Applications: Bioassay -
From proteomics to discovery of first-in-class ST2 inhibitors active in vivo
Authors: AM Ramadan, E Daguindau, JC Rech, K Chinnaswam, J Zhang, GL Hura, B Griesenaue, Z Bolten, A Robida, M Larsen, JA Stuckey, CY Yang, S Paczesny
JCI Insight, 2018-07-26;3(14):.
Species: Human
Sample Types: Recombinant Protein
Applications: AlphaLISA -
Soluble ST2 suppresses IL-5 production by human basophilic KU812 cells, induced by epithelial cell-derived IL-33
Authors: K Matsumoto, H Kouzaki, H Kikuoka, T Kato, I Tojima, S Shimizu, T Shimizu
Allergol Int, 2018-06-22;0(0):.
Species: Human
Sample Types: Whole Cells
Applications: Bioassay -
Soluble IL-33 receptor sST2 inhibits colorectal cancer malignant growth by modifying the tumour microenvironment
Nat Commun, 2016-11-24;7(0):13589.
Species: Human
Sample Types: Whole Cells
Applications: Bioassay -
Tissue factor is induced by interleukin-33 in human endothelial cells: a new link between coagulation and inflammation
Sci Rep, 2016-05-04;6(0):25171.
Species: Human
Sample Types: Whole Cells
Applications: Bioassay -
IL-33/ST2 correlates with severity of haemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome and regulates the inflammatory response in Hantaan virus-infected endothelial cells.
Authors: Zhang Y, Zhang C, Zhuang R, Ma Y, Zhang Y, Yi J, Yang A, Jin B
PLoS Negl Trop Dis, 2015-02-06;9(2):e0003514.
Species: Human
Sample Types: Whole Cells
Applications: Bioassay -
A robust high throughput platform to generate functional recombinant monoclonal antibodies using rabbit B cells from peripheral blood.
Authors: Seeber S, Ros F, Thorey I, Tiefenthaler G, Kaluza K, Lifke V, Fischer J, Klostermann S, Endl J, Kopetzki E, Pashine A, Siewe B, Kaluza B, Platzer J, Offner S
PLoS ONE, 2014-02-04;9(2):e86184.
Species: Human, Rabbit
Sample Types: Cell Culture Supernates, Protein
Applications: Bioassay -
Gene expression profiling identifies sST2 as an effector of ErbB2-driven breast carcinoma cell motility, associated with metastasis.
Authors: Gillibert-Duplantier J, Duthey B, Sisirak V, Salaun D, Gargi T, Tredan O, Finetti P, Bertucci F, Birnbaum D, Bendriss-Vermare N, Badache A
Oncogene, 2011-11-21;31(30):3516-24.
Species: Human
Sample Types: Whole Cells
Applications: Bioassay, Flow Cytometry -
IL-33 mediates inflammatory responses in human lung tissue cells.
Authors: Yagami A, Orihara K, Morita H
J. Immunol., 2010-10-06;185(10):5743-50.
Species: Human
Sample Types: Whole Cells
Applications: Bioassay -
IL-33, an interleukin-1-like cytokine that signals via the IL-1 receptor-related protein ST2 and induces T helper type 2-associated cytokines.
Authors: Schmitz J, Owyang A, Oldham E, Song Y, Murphy E, McClanahan TK, Zurawski G, Moshrefi M, Qin J, Li X, Gorman DM, Bazan JF, Kastelein RA
Immunity, 2005-11-01;23(5):479-90.
Species: Human
Sample Types: Recombinant Protein
Applications: Immunoprecipitation
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