Recombinant Mouse Kremen-1 Protein

Recombinant Mouse Kremen-1 Protein Summary

Product Specifications

Product Datasheets

Carrier Free

CF stands for Carrier Free (CF). We typically add Bovine Serum Albumin (BSA) as a carrier protein to our recombinant proteins. Adding a carrier protein enhances protein stability, increases shelf-life, and allows the recombinant protein to be stored at a more dilute concentration. The carrier free version does not contain BSA.

In general, we advise purchasing the recombinant protein with BSA for use in cell or tissue culture, or as an ELISA standard. In contrast, the carrier free protein is recommended for applications, in which the presence of BSA could interfere.

Background: Kremen-1

Kremen (Kringle-containing protein marking the eye and the nose) proteins are type I transmembrane proteins that contain extracellular kringle, WSC and CUB domains and an intracellular region without any conserved motifs (1). Two related members, Kremen-1 and -2, have been identified. Kremens bind a subset of the secreted Dickkopf (Dkk) proteins (Dkk-1, -2, and -4) with high affinity to modulate the canonical Wnt signaling pathway that is transduced by the ternary receptor complex composed of Wnt, the seven-transmembrane domain receptor Frizzled, and the LDL-receptor-related protein 5/6 (LRP5/6) co-receptor (2, 3). Within the Dkk family, Dkk-1 and -4 bind directly to the LRP5/6 co-receptor to antagonize the canonical Wnt/ beta -catenin signaling pathway, but not the planar cell polarity (PCP) signaling pathway that does not involve LRP5/6 (4). In contrast, Dkk-3 has no effect on Wnt signaling and Dkk-2 can function either as an LRP agonist or antagonist, depending on whether the cell expresses Kremen (5). Kremen co-operates with Dkk to antagonize Wnt signaling via formation of a Kremen-Dkk-LRP ternary complex that triggers the internalization and clearance of the complex from the cell surface (3). All three extracellular domains but not the cytoplasmic region of a membrane anchored Kremen are needed for binding to the second cysteine-rich domain of Dkks (3). Mouse Kremen-1 cDNA encodes a 473 amino acid (aa) glycosylated protein with a putative 19 aa signal peptide, a 372 aa extracellular domain, a 21 aa transmembrane domain and a 60 aa cytoplasmic domain. In the extracellular domain, it shares 92% and 41% amino acid sequence identity with human Kremen-1 and mouse Kremen-2, respectively. Mouse Kremen-1 is widely expressed in diverse embryonic (apical ectodermal ridge of the developing fore- and hindlimb buds, telencephalon and the first brachial arch, myotome and sensory tissues) and adult (lung, heart, kidney, skeletal muscle and testis) tissues (1).

Related Research Areas

• Wnt Family
• Wnt Signaling Modulators