Recombinant Mouse PRDC/GREM2 Protein Summary
Product Specifications
Arg22-Gln168, with an N-terminal Met
Analysis
Product Datasheets
Carrier Free
CF stands for Carrier Free (CF). We typically add Bovine Serum Albumin (BSA) as a carrier protein to our recombinant proteins. Adding a carrier protein enhances protein stability, increases shelf-life, and allows the recombinant protein to be stored at a more dilute concentration. The carrier free version does not contain BSA.
In general, we advise purchasing the recombinant protein with BSA for use in cell or tissue culture, or as an ELISA standard. In contrast, the carrier free protein is recommended for applications, in which the presence of BSA could interfere.
2069-PR
| Formulation | Lyophilized from a 0.2 μm filtered solution in Acetonitrile and TFA with BSA as a carrier protein. |
| Reconstitution | Reconstitute at 100 μg/mL in sterile 4 mM HCl containing at least 0.1% human or bovine serum albumin. |
| Shipping | The product is shipped at ambient temperature. Upon receipt, store it immediately at the temperature recommended below. |
| Stability & Storage: | Use a manual defrost freezer and avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
|
2069-PR/CF
| Formulation | Lyophilized from a 0.2 μm filtered solution in Acetonitrile and TFA. |
| Reconstitution | Reconstitute at 100 μg/mL in sterile 4 mM HCl. |
| Shipping | The product is shipped at ambient temperature. Upon receipt, store it immediately at the temperature recommended below. |
| Stability & Storage: | Use a manual defrost freezer and avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
|
Reconstitution Calculator
Background: PRDC/GREM2
PRDC (protein related to DAN and Cerberus) is a secreted cysteine knot-containing BMP antagonist belonging to the Cerberus/DAN (CAN) family. Mammalian CAN family members, including Gremlin, Dan, Cerberus, COCO, SOST, and USAG-1, have the conserved 6 cysteine residues that form a cysteine knot, and two additional cysteine residues located in the loops of the cysteine knot, which form an additional intrasubunit disulfide bond (1, 2). Some members of this family, including PRDC, have an additional cysteine residue used for dimerization (1, 2). Of all the CAN family members, PRDC is most closely related to Gremlin, displaying 52% amino acid sequence identity. PRDC was first identified in a screen for developmentally regulated genes by gene trapping in embryonic stem cells (3). PRDC expression is detected by in situ hybridization in the dorsal edge of the spinal cord at E10.5, in commissural neurons in the caudal part of the spinal cord two days later (3), and in the granulosa cells of selective ovarian follicles (4). In the adult, abundant levels of PRDC are detected by RT-PCR in the mouse ovary, brain, and spleen, and to a lesser degree in the colon, kidney, lung, liver, and uterus (4). PRDC acts as a specific BMP antagonist, binding to and blocking signaling induced by BMP-2 or -4, but not Activin or TGF-beta (4). Thus, PRDC expression in the ovary could be involved in follicular development by antagonizing the inhibitory effects of BMPs on FSH stimulation of progesterone (4).
- Pearce, J. et al. (1999) Dev. Biol. 209:99.
- Avsian-Kretchmer, O. and A. Hsueh (2004) Molecular Endocrinology 18:1.
- Minabe-Saegusa, C. et al. (1998) Develop. Growth Differ. 40:343.
- Sudo, S. et al. (2004) Jour. Biol. Chem. 279:23134.
Citations for Recombinant Mouse PRDC/GREM2 Protein
R&D Systems personnel manually curate a database that contains references using R&D Systems products. The data collected includes not only links to publications in PubMed, but also provides information about sample types, species, and experimental conditions.
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Hedgehog-responsive PDGFRa(+) fibroblasts maintain a unique pool of alveolar epithelial progenitor cells during alveologenesis
Authors: F Gao, C Li, S Danopoulos, D Al Alam, N Peinado, S Webster, Z Borok, GA Kohbodi, S Bellusci, P Minoo
Cell Reports, 2022-04-05;39(1):110608.
Species: Mouse
Sample Types: Whole Cell
Applications: Bioassay -
Compensatory roles of Protein Related to DAN and Cerberus (PRDC) decrease in pulmonary arterial hypertension
Authors: T He, J Zhang, T Qiao, Z Zhang, H Han, C Yang, Y Chen, Y Ruan, L Meng
International journal of biological sciences, 2022-03-06;18(6):2372-2391.
Species: Rat
Sample Types: Whole Cells
Applications: Bioassay -
Gli1+ mesenchymal stromal cells form a pathological niche to promote airway progenitor metaplasia in the fibrotic lung
Authors: M Cassandras, C Wang, J Kathiriya, T Tsukui, P Matatia, M Matthay, P Wolters, A Molofsky, D Sheppard, H Chapman, T Peng
Nat Cell Biol, 2020-10-12;0(0):.
Species: Mouse
Sample Types: Organoid
Applications: Bioassay -
Gremlin 2 promotes differentiation of embryonic stem cells to atrial fate by activation of the JNK signaling pathway.
Authors: Tanwar V, Bylund J, Hu J, Yan J, Walthall J, Mukherjee A, Heaton W, Wang W, Potet F, Rai M, Kupershmidt S, Knapik E, Hatzopoulos A
Stem Cells, 2014-07-01;32(7):1774-88.
Species: Mouse
Sample Types: Whole Cells
Applications: Bioassay
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