WIN 55,212-2 mesylate
Chemical Name: (R)-(+)-[2,3-Dihydro-5-methyl-3-(4-morpholinylmethyl)pyrrolo[1,2,3-de]-1,4-benzoxazin-6-yl]-1-naphthalenylmethanone mesylate
Purity: ≥98%
Biological Activity
WIN 55,212-2 mesylate is a selective high affinity CB2 agonist (Ki values are 3.3 and 62.3 nM at the human cloned CB2 and CB1 receptors respectively).Technical Data
The technical data provided above is for guidance only.
For batch specific data refer to the Certificate of Analysis.
Tocris products are intended for laboratory research use only, unless stated otherwise.
Additional Information
Background References
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Cannabinoid WIN?55,212?2 mesylate inhibits ADAMTS?4 activity in human osteoarthritic articular chondrocytes by inhibiting expression of syndecan?1
Y Kong, W Wang, C Zhang, Y Wu, Y Liu, X Zhou
Mol Med Rep, 2016;0(0):. -
Sapap3 deletion anomalously activates short-term endocannabinoid-mediated synaptic plasticity.
Chen, Meng, Wan, Yehong, Ade, Kristen, Ting, Jonathan, Feng, Guoping, Calakos, Nicole
J Neurosci, 2011;31(26):9563-73. -
Conformationally restrained analogues of pravadoline: nanomolar potent, enantioselective, (aminoalkyl)indole agonists of the cannabinoid receptor.
D'Ambra et al.
J.Med.Chem., 1992;35:124 -
Evaluation of cannabinoid receptor agonists and antagonists using the guanosine-5'-O-(3-[35S]thio)-triphosphate binding assay in rat cerebellar membranes.
Griffin et al.
J.Pharmacol.Exp.Ther., 1998;285:553 -
Comparison of the pharmacology and signal transduction of the human cannabinoid CB1 and CB2 receptors.
Felder et al.
Mol.Pharmacol., 1995;48:443 -
Self-administration of the cannabinoid receptor agonist WIN 55,212-2 in drug naive mice.
Martellotta et al.
Neuroscience, 1998;85:327 -
Cannabinoid and nicotine exposure during adolescence induces sex-specific effects on anxiety- and reward-related behaviors during adulthood
AN Pushkin, AJ Eugene, V Lallai, A Torres-Men, JP Fowler, E Chen, CD Fowler
PLoS ONE, 2019;14(1):e0211346.
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Citations for WIN 55,212-2 mesylate
The citations listed below are publications that use Tocris products. Selected citations for WIN 55,212-2 mesylate include:
113 Citations: Showing 1 - 10
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Feeding induced by cannabinoids is mediated independently of the melanocortin system.
Authors: Sinnayah Et al.
Endocrinology ;3:e2202
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Cannabinoids reduce markers of inflammation and fibrosis in pancreatic stellate cells.
Authors: Michalski Et al.
Am J Physiol Gastrointest Liver Physiol ;3:e1701
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A novel luminescence-based-β-arrestin recruitment assay for unmodified receptors
Authors: Pedersen Et al.
J Biol Chem 2021;296:100503
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Dual mechanism of TRKB activation by anandamide through CB1 and TRPV1 receptors.
Authors: Diniz Et al.
PeerJ 2019;7:e6493
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CB1 receptor activation induces intracellular Ca2+ mobilization and 2-arachidonoylglycerol release in rodent spinal cord astrocytes.
Authors: Hegyi Et al.
Sci Rep 2018;8:10562
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TrpV1 receptor activation rescues neuronal function and network gamma oscillations from Aβ-induced impairment in mouse hippocampus in vitro.
Authors: Balleza-Tapia Et al.
Elife 2018;7
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OXT functions as a spatiotemporal filter for excitatory synaptic inputs to VTA DA neurons.
Authors: Xiao Et al.
Elife 2018;7
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Cannabinoid WIN-55,212-2 mesylate inhibits tumor necrosis factor-α-induced expression of nitric oxide synthase in dorsal root ganglion neurons.
Authors: Tan and Cao
Int J Mol Med 2018;42:919
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Involvement of the CB2 cannabinoid receptor in cell growth inhibition and G0/G1 cell cycle arrest via the cannabinoid agonist WIN 55,212-2 in renal cell carcinoma.
Authors: Khan Et al.
BMC Cancer 2018;18:583
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Chronic, intermittent treatment with a cannabinoid receptor agonist impairs recognition memory and brain network functional connectivity.
Authors: Mouro Et al.
J Neurochem 2018;147:71
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LTP at Hilar Mossy Cell-Dentate Granule Cell Synapses Modulates Dentate Gyrus Output by Increasing Excitation/Inhibition Balance.
Authors: Hashimotodani Et al.
Neuron 2017;95:928
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The synthetic cannabinoid WIN-55,212-55,212 induced-apoptosis in cytotrophoblasts cells by a mechanism dependent on CB1 receptor.
Authors: Almada
Toxicology 2017;385:67
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Involvement of cannabinoid system in the nucleus accumbens on delay-based decision making in the rat.
Authors: Fatahi
Behav Brain Res. 2017;337:107
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Big conductance calcium-activated potassium channel openers control spasticity without sedation.
Authors: Baker Et al.
Br J Pharmacol 2017;174:2662
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Characterization of structurally novel G protein biased CB1 agonists: implications for drug development.
Authors: Ford
Pharmacol Res 2017;125:161
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Dentate cannabinoid-sensitive interneurons undergo unique and selective strengthening of mutual synaptic inhibition in experimental epilepsy.
Authors: Yu Et al.
Neurobiol Dis 2016;89:23
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Decreased CB receptor binding and cannabinoid signaling in three brain regions of a rat model of schizophrenia
Authors: Szücs Et al.
Neuroscience Letters 2016;633:87
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Regulation of divalent metal transporter-1 by serine phosphorylation.
Authors: Seo Et al.
Biochem J 2016;473:4243
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WIN 55,212-2 inhibits the epithelial mesenchymal transition of gastric cancer cells via COX-2 signals
Authors: Xian Et al.
Cell Physiology and Biochemistry 2016;39:2149
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Somatostatin receptor 5 is a prominent regulator of signaling pathways in cells with coexpression of Cannabinoid receptors 1
Authors: Zou Et al.
Neuroscience 2016;340:218
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Correlations between the Memory-Related Behavior and the Level of Oxidative Stress Biomarkers in the Mice Brain, Provoked by an Acute Administration of CB Receptor Ligands.
Authors: Kruk-Slomka Et al.
Neural Plast 2016;2016:9815092
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Cannabinoid WIN-55,212-2 mesylate inhibits ADAMTS-4 activity in human osteoarthritic articular chondrocytes by inhibiting expression of syndecan-1.
Authors: Kong Et al.
Int J Neuropsychopharmacol 2016;13:4569
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Hierarchical glucocorticoid-endocannabinoid interplay regulates the activation of the nucleus accumbens by insulin.
Authors: Pinheiro Et al.
Brain Res Bull 2016;124:222
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(4-(Bis(4-fluorophenyl)methyl)piperazin-1-yl)(cyclohexyl)methanone hydrochloride (LDK1229): a new cannabinoid CB1 receptor inverse agonist from the class of benzhydryl piperazine analogs.
Authors: Mahmoud Et al.
Mol Pharmacol 2015;87:197
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TRPA1 mediates the hypothermic action of acetaminophen.
Authors: Gentry Et al.
Br J Pharmacol 2015;5:12771
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Behavioral and neurochemical changes in mesostriatal DArgic regions of the rat after chronic administration of the cannabinoid receptor agonist WIN55,212-2.
Authors: Fanarioti Et al.
Int J Mol Sci 2015;18
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Palmitoylethanolamide inhibits glutamate release in rat cerebrocortical nerve terminals.
Authors: Lin Et al.
Sci Rep 2015;16:5555
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The cannabinoid agonist HU-210: pseudo-irreversible discriminative stimulus effects in rhesus monkeys.
Authors: Hruba and McMahon
Neuropharmacology 2014;727:35
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Ligand-specific endocytic dwell times control functional selectivity of the cannabinoid receptor 1.
Authors: Flores-Otero Et al.
Nat Commun 2014;5:4589
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Effects of cannabinoid drugs on the deficit of prepulse inhibition of startle in an animal model of schizophrenia: the SHR strain.
Authors: Levin Et al.
Eur J Pharmacol 2014;5:10
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Miswiring the brain: △9-tetrahydrocannabinol disrupts cortical development by inducing an SCG10/stathmin-2 degradation pathway.
Authors: Tortoriello Et al.
Br J Pharmacol 2014;33:668
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The calcium-sensitive σ-1 receptor prevents cannabinoids from provoking glutamate NMDA receptor hypofunction: implications in antinociception and psychotic diseases.
Authors: Sánchez-Blázquez Et al.
Mol Med Rep 2014;17:1943
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Inhibition of p38/Mk2 signaling pathway improves the anti-inflammatory effect of WIN55 on mouse experimental colitis.
Authors: Li Et al.
Lab Invest 2013;93:322
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CB(1) receptor allosteric modulators display both agonist and signaling pathway specificity.
Authors: Baillie Et al.
Mol Pharmacol 2013;83:322
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Fluoxetine impairs GABAergic signaling in hippocampal slices from neonatal rats.
Authors: Caiati and Cherubini
Front Cell Neurosci 2013;7:63
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CB1 and CB2 receptors are novel molecular targets for tamox. and 4OH-Tamoxifen.
Authors: Prather Et al.
Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2013;441:339
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Cannabinoids ameliorate impairments induced by chronic stress to synaptic plasticity and short-term memory.
Authors: Abush and Akirav
Neuropsychopharmacology 2013;38:1521
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A selective antagonist reveals a potential role of G protein-coupled receptor 55 in platelet and endothelial cell function.
Authors: Kargl Et al.
J Pharmacol Exp Ther 2013;346:54
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Novel insights into CB1 cannabinoid receptor signaling: a key interaction identified between the extracellular-3 loop and transmembrane helix 2.
Authors: Marcu Et al.
J Pharmacol Exp Ther 2013;345:189
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Endocannabinoids in the brainstem modulate dural trigeminovascular nociceptive traffic via CB1 and "triptan" receptors: implications in migraine.
Authors: Akerman Et al.
J Neurosci 2013;33:14869
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The non-selective cannabinoid receptor agonist WIN 55,212-2 attenuates responses of C-fiber nociceptors in a murine model of cancer pain.
Authors: Uhelski Et al.
Neuroscience 2013;247:84
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Real-time characterization of cannabinoid receptor 1 (CB1 ) allosteric modulators reveals novel mechanism of action.
Authors: Cawston Et al.
Br J Pharmacol 2013;170:893
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Characterization of cannabinoid receptor ligands in tissues natively expressing cannabinoid CB2 receptors.
Authors: Marini Et al.
Br J Pharmacol 2013;169:887
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The cannabinoid WIN 55,212-2 decreases specificity protein transcription factors and the oncogenic cap protein eIF4E in colon cancer cells.
Authors: Sreevalsan and Safe
Mol Cancer Ther 2013;12:2483
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Monohydroxylated metabolites of the K2 synthetic cannabinoid JWH-073 retain intermediate to high cannabinoid 1 receptor (CB1R) affinity and exhibit neutral antagonist to partial agonist activity.
Authors: Brents Et al.
Biochem Pharmacol 2012;83:952
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CB1 receptor autoradiographic characterization of the individual differences in approach and avoidance motivation.
Authors: Laricchiuta Et al.
PLoS One 2012;7:e42111
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Short- and long-term cognitive effects of chronic cannabinoids administration in late-adolescence rats.
Authors: Abush and Akirav
PLoS One 2012;7:e31731
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Stress hormones receptors in the amygdala mediate the effects of stress on the consolidation, but not the retrieval, of a non aversive spatial task.
Authors: Segev Et al.
PLoS One 2012;7:e29988
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A Role for the Cannabinoid 1 Receptor in Neuronal Differentiation of Adult Spinal Cord Progenitors in vitro is Revealed through Pharmacological Inhibition and Genetic Deletion.
Authors: Sideris Et al.
Front Neurosci 2012;6:4
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Phosphodiesterase 4 inhibition impairs cocaine-induced inhibitory synaptic plasticity and conditioned place preference.
Authors: Zhong Et al.
Neuropsychopharmacology 2012;37:2377
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Developmental regulation of CB1-mediated spike-time dependent depression at immature mossy fiber-CA3 synapses.
Authors: Caiati Et al.
Sci Rep 2012;2:285
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The cannabinoid receptor CB1 modulates the signaling properties of the lysophosphatidylinositol receptor GPR55.
Authors: Kargl Et al.
J Biol Chem 2012;287:44234
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TRPV1-dependent and -independent alterations in the limbic cortex of neuropathic mice: impact on glial caspases and pain perception.
Authors: Giordano Et al.
Cereb Cortex 2012;22:2495
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Inhibitory effect of cannabichromene, a major non-psychotropic cannabinoid extracted from Cannabis sativa, on inflammation-induced hypermotility in mice.
Authors: Izzo Et al.
Br J Pharmacol 2012;166:1444
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Effect of cannabinoid receptor activation on spreading depression.
Authors: Kazemi Et al.
Iran J Basic Med Sci 2012;15:926
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Betulinic acid targets YY1 and ErbB2 through cannabinoid receptor-dependent disruption of microRNA-27a:ZBTB10 in breast cancer.
Authors: Liu Et al.
Mol Cancer Ther 2012;11:1421
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Phase I hydroxylated metabolites of the K2 synthetic cannabinoid JWH-018 retain in vitro and in vivo cannabinoid 1 receptor affinity and activity.
Authors: Brents Et al.
PLoS One 2011;6:e21917
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High extracellular Ca2+ stimulates Ca2+-activated Cl- currents in frog parathyroid cells through the mediation of arachidonic acid cascade.
Authors: Okada Et al.
PLoS One 2011;6:e19158
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Cannabinoids attenuate hippocampal γ oscillations by suppressing excitatory synaptic input onto CA3 pyramidal neurons and fast spiking basket cells.
Authors: Holderith Et al.
J Neurosci 2011;589:4921
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Cannabinoid receptors, CB1 and CB2, as novel targets for inhibition of non-small cell lung cancer growth and metastasis.
Authors: Preet Et al.
Cancer Prev Res (Phila) 2011;4:65
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Effects of drugs of abuse on putative rostromedial tegmental neurons, inhibitory afferents to midbrain DA cells.
Authors: Lecca Et al.
Neuropsychopharmacology 2011;36:589
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Regulation of hippocampal cannabinoid CB1 receptor actions by adenosine A1 receptors and chronic caffeine administration: implications for the effects of δ9-tetrahydrocannabinol on spatial memory.
Authors: Sousa Et al.
Neuropsychopharmacology 2011;36:472
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Cannabinoid transmission in the basolateral amygdala modulates fear memory formation via functional inputs to the prelimbic cortex.
Authors: Tan Et al.
J Neurosci 2011;31:5300
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The distinct role of medium spiny neurons and cholinergic interneurons in the D2/A2A receptor interaction in the striatum: implications for Parkinson's disease.
Authors: Tozzi Et al.
J Neurosci 2011;31:1850
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Alterations of endocannabinoid signaling, synaptic plasticity, learning, and memory in monoacylglycerol lipase knock-out mice.
Authors: Pan Et al.
J Cell Biol 2011;31:13420
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The atypical cannabinoid O-1602 protects against experimental colitis and inhibits neutrophil recruitment.
Authors: Schicho Et al.
Inflamm Bowel Dis 2011;17:1651
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Endocannabinoids mediate synaptic plasticity at glutamatergic synapses on spiny neurons within a basal ganglia nucleus necessary for song learning.
Authors: Thompson and Perkel
J Neurophysiol 2011;105:1159
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The cannabinoid WIN55,212-2 protects against oxidized LDL-induced inflammatory response in murine macrophages.
Authors: Hao Et al.
J Neurosci 2010;51:2181
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Cannabidiol displays antiepileptiform and antiseizure properties in vitro and in vivo.
Authors: Jones Et al.
Br J Pharmacol 2010;332:569
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Selective reduction of cholecystokinin-positive basket cell innervation in a model of temporal lobe epilepsy.
Authors: Wyeth Et al.
J Neurosci 2010;30:8993
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Control of cannabinoid CB1 receptor function on glutamate axon terminals by endogenous adenosine acting at A1 receptors.
Authors: Hoffman Et al.
J Neurosci 2010;30:545
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Cannabinoids excite circadian clock neurons.
Authors: Acuna-Goycolea Et al.
PLoS One 2010;30:10061
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Retrograde endocannabinoid signaling reduces GABAergic synaptic transmission to gonadotropin-releasing hormone neurons.
Authors: Farkas Et al.
J Biomol Screen 2010;151:5818
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Reduction in endocannabinoid tone is a homeostatic mechanism for specific inhibitory synapses.
Authors: Kim and Alger
Nat Neurosci 2010;13:592
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Gz mediates the long-lasting desensitization of brain CB1 receptors and is essential for cross-tolerance with mor.
Authors: Garzón Et al.
Mol Pain 2009;5:11
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Cannabinoid regulation of nitric oxide synthase I (nNOS) in neuronal cells.
Authors: Carney Et al.
J Neuroimmune Pharmacol 2009;4:338
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WIN55,212-2, a cannabinoid receptor agonist, protects against nigrostriatal cell loss in the 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine mouse model of Parkinson's disease.
Authors: Price Et al.
Eur J Neurosci 2009;29:2177
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Effects of cannabinoids on caffeine contractures in slow and fast skeletal muscle fibers of the frog.
Authors: Huerta Et al.
J Membr Biol 2009;229:91
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Acute hypertension reveals depressor and vasodilator effects of cannabinoids in conscious rats.
Authors: Ho and Gardiner
Front Pharmacol 2009;156:94
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Characterizing cannabinoid CB2 receptor ligands using DiscoveRx PathHunter β-arrestin assay.
Authors: McGuinness Et al.
Int J Neuropsychopharmacol 2009;14:49
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TRPV1 channels mediate long-term depression at synapses on hippocampal interneurons.
Authors: Gibson Et al.
Neuron 2008;57:746
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Input-specific plasticity at excitatory synapses mediated by endocannabinoids in the dentate gyrus.
Authors: Chiu and Castillo
Neuropharmacology 2008;54:68
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Cholecystokinin inhibits endocannabinoid-sensitive hippocampal IPSPs and stimulates others.
Authors: Karson Et al.
J Physiol 2008;54:117
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Mapping the structural requirements in the CB1 cannabinoid receptor transmembrane helix II for signal transduction.
Authors: Kapur Et al.
J Pharmacol Exp Ther 2008;325:341
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Roles of endocannabinoids in heterosynaptic long-term depression of excitatory synaptic transmission in visual cortex of young mice.
Authors: Huang Et al.
J Neurosci 2008;28:7074
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Interactions between CB(1) receptors and TRPV1 channels mediated by 12-HPETE are cytotoxic to mesencephalic DArgic neurons.
Authors: Kim Et al.
Br J Pharmacol 2008;155:253
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The cannabinoid receptor agonist, WIN 55, 212-2, attenuates tumor-evoked hyperalgesia through peripheral mechanisms.
Authors: Potenzieri Et al.
Brain Res 2008;1215:69
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The role of protein kinase A in the ethanol-induced increase in spontaneous GABA release onto cerebellar Purkinje neurons.
Authors: Kelm Et al.
J Neurophysiol 2008;100:3417
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Potentiation of electrical and chemical synaptic transmission mediated by endocannabinoids.
Authors: Cachope Et al.
Neuron 2007;56:1034
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N-arachidonoyl-DA tunes synaptic transmission onto DArgic neurons by activating both cannabinoid and vanilloid receptors.
Authors: Marinelli Et al.
Neuropsychopharmacology 2007;32:298
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Calcium release from presynaptic internal stores is required for ethanol to increase spontaneous γ-aminobutyric acid release onto cerebellum Purkinje neurons.
Authors: Kelm Et al.
J Neurosci 2007;323:356
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Cannabinoid (CB1) receptor activation inhibits trigeminovascular neurons.
Authors: Akerman Et al.
J Pharmacol Exp Ther 2007;320:64
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Tonic enhancement of endocannabinoid-mediated retrograde suppression of inhibition by cholinergic interneuron activity in the striatum.
Authors: Narushima Et al.
J Neurosci 2007;27:496
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Cannabinoids excite hypothalamic melanin-concentrating hormone but inhibit hypocretin/orexin neurons: implications for cannabinoid actions on food intake and cognitive arousal.
Authors: Huang Et al.
J Neurosci 2007;27:4870
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The psychoactive plant cannabinoid, Delta9-tetrahydrocannabinol, is antagonized by Delta8- and Delta9-tetrahydrocannabivarin in mice in vivo.
Authors: Pertwee Et al.
Br J Pharmacol 2007;150:586
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Opposing actions of chronic Delta9-tetrahydrocannabinol and cannabinoid antagonists on hippocampal long-term potentiation.
Authors: Hoffman Et al.
Learn Mem 2007;14:63
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The endocannabinoid system controls key epileptogenic circuits in the hippocampus.
Authors: Monory Et al.
Neuron 2006;51:455
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Neuromodulation via conditional release of endocannabinoids in the spinal locomotor network.
Authors: Kettunen Et al.
Neuron 2005;45:95
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The wake-promoting peptide orexin-B inhibits glutamatergic transmission to dorsal raphe nucleus serotonin neurons through retrograde endocannabinoid signaling.
Authors: Haj-Dahmane
J Neurosci 2005;25:896
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Species and strain differences in the expression of a novel glutamate-modulating cannabinoid receptor in the rodent hippocampus.
Authors: Hoffman Et al.
J Lipid Res 2005;22:2387
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Biophysical properties of voltage-gated Na+ channels in frog parathyroid cells and their modulation by cannabinoids.
Authors: Okada Et al.
J Exp Biol 2005;208:4747
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Evidence that the plant cannabinoid Delta9-tetrahydrocannabivarin is a cannabinoid CB1 and CB2 receptor antagonist.
Authors: Thomas Et al.
Br J Pharmacol 2005;146:917
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Distribution and function of the cannabinoid-1 receptor in the modulation of ion transport in the guinea pig ileum: relationship to capsaicin-sensitive nerves.
Authors: MacNaughton Et al.
Eur J Neurosci 2004;286:G863
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Electrical coupling among irregular-spiking GABAergic interneurons expressing cannabinoid receptors.
Authors: Galarreta Et al.
J Pharmacol Exp Ther 2004;24:9770
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Prefrontal cortex stimulation induces 2-arachidonoyl-glycerol-mediated suppression of excitation in DA neurons.
Authors: Melis Et al.
J Neurosci 2004;24:10707
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Repeated treatment with the synthetic cannabinoid WIN 55,212-2 reduces both hyperalgesia and production of pronociceptive mediators in a rat model of neuropathic pain.
Authors: Costa Et al.
J Neurosci 2004;141:42586
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The FGF receptor uses the endocannabinoid signaling system to couple to an axonal growth response.
Authors: Williams Et al.
EMBO J 2003;160:481
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Direct inhibition by cannabinoids of human 5-HT3A receptors: probable involvement of an allosteric modulatory site.
Authors: Barann Et al.
Br J Pharmacol 2002;137:589
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Targeting CB2 cannabinoid receptors as a novel therapy to treat malignant lymphoblastic disease.
Authors: McKallip Et al.
Blood 2002;100:627
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A possible role of lipoxygenase in the activation of vanilloid receptors by anandamide in the guinea-pig bronchus.
Authors: Craib Et al.
PLoS One 2001;134:42581
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The synthetic cannabinoid WIN55,212-2 attenuates hyperalgesia and allodynia in a rat model of neuropathic pain.
Authors: Bridges Et al.
Br J Pharmacol 2001;133:586
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Modulation of peristalsis by cannabinoid CB(1) ligands in the isolated guinea-pig ileum.
Authors: Izzo Et al.
Br J Pharmacol 2000;129:984
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Central and peripheral cannabinoid modulation of gastrointestinal transit in physiological states or during the diarrhoea induced by croton oil.
Authors: Izzo Et al.
Br J Pharmacol 2000;129:1627
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