ATPA
Chemical Name: (RS)-2-Amino-3-(3-hydroxy-5-tert-butylisoxazol-4-yl)propanoic acid
Purity: ≥98%
Biological Activity
ATPA is a selective and potent GluK1 (formerly GluR5) kainate receptor agonist (Ki = 4.3 nM), inactive at GluK6 (formerly GluR6) (Ki > 1 mM) and only weakly active at AMPA receptors (GluA1-4) and the kainate receptors GluK5 (formerly KA-2) and GluK3 (formerly GluR7) (Ki values of 6 - 14 μM).Please refer to IUPHAR Guide to Pharmacology for the most recent naming conventions.
Technical Data
The technical data provided above is for guidance only.
For batch specific data refer to the Certificate of Analysis.
Tocris products are intended for laboratory research use only, unless stated otherwise.
Background References
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High-throughput genotoxicity assay identifies antioxidants as inducers of DNA damage response and cell death.
Fox JT, Sakamuru S, Huang R
Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A., 2012;109(14):5423-8. -
A hippocampal GluR5 kainate receptor regulating inhibitory synaptic transmission.
Clarke et al.
Nature, 1997;389:599 -
Excitotoxic injury profiles of low-affinity kainate receptor agonists in neuronal cultures.
Moldrich et al.
Eur.J.Pharmacol., 1999;378:R1 -
AMPA receptor agonists: synthesis, protolytic properties, and pharmacology of 3-isothiazole bioisasteres of glutamic acid.
Matzen et al.
J.Med.Chem., 1997;40:520
Product Datasheets
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Citations for ATPA
The citations listed below are publications that use Tocris products. Selected citations for ATPA include:
7 Citations: Showing 1 - 7
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Kynurenic Acid Induces Impairment of Oligodendrocyte Viability: On the Role of Glutamatergic Mechanisms.
Authors: Langner Et al.
Neurochem Res 2017;42:838
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MinCyc does not affect long-term potentiation in the anterior cingulate cortex of normal adult mice.
Authors: Song Et al.
Front Pediatr 2015;11:25
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Fast oscillatory activity induced by kainate receptor activation in the rat basolateral amygdala in vitro.
Authors: Randall Et al.
Eur J Neurosci 2011;33:914
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Glutamatergic mechanisms for speed control and network operation in the rodent locomotor CpG.
Authors: Talpalar and Kiehn
Front Neural Circuits 2010;4
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ACET is a highly potent and specific kainate receptor antagonist: characterisation and effects on hippocampal mossy fibre function.
Authors: Dargan Et al.
Neuropharmacology 2009;56:121
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Presynaptic regulation of the inhibitory transmission by GluR5-containing kainate receptors in spinal substantia gelatinosa.
Authors: Xu Et al.
Mol Pain 2006;2:29
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Astrocyte-mediated activation of neuronal kainate receptors.
Authors: Liu Et al.
Mol Pain 2004;101:3172
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