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TGF-beta 3 Antibody

Catalog #: AF-243-NA
12 Citations Datasheet / COA / SDS
Catalog # Availability Size / Price Qty
AF-243-NA
AF-243-SP
TGF‑ beta 3 Inhibition of IL‑4-dependent Cell Proliferation and Neutralization by TGF‑ beta 3 Antibody.
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Citations (12)
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TGF-beta 3 Antibody Summary

Specificity
Detects TGF-beta 3 in direct ELISAs. 
Source
Polyclonal Goat IgG
Purification
Antigen Affinity-purified
Immunogen
S. frugiperda insect ovarian cell line Sf 21-derived recombinant chicken TGF‑ beta 3
Ala301-Ser412 (Tyr340Phe)
Accession # P10600
Formulation
Lyophilized from a 0.2 μm filtered solution in PBS with Trehalose. *Small pack size (SP) is supplied either lyophilized or as a 0.2 µm filtered solution in PBS.
Endotoxin Level
<0.10 EU per 1 μg of the antibody by the LAL method.
Label
Unconjugated

Applications

Recommended Concentration
Sample
Immunohistochemistry
5-15 µg/mL
Immersion fixed paraffin-embedded sections of human brain
Neutralization
Measured by its ability to neutralize TGF‑ beta 3 inhibition of IL‑4-dependent proliferation in the HT‑2 mouse T cell line. Tsang, M. et al. (1995) Cytokine 7:389. The Neutralization Dose (ND50) is typically 0.01‑0.05 µg/mL in the presence of 0.1 ng/mL Recombinant Human TGF‑ beta 3 and 7.5 ng/mL Recombinant Mouse IL‑4.

Please Note: Optimal dilutions should be determined by each laboratory for each application. General Protocols are available in the Technical Information section on our website.

Scientific Data

Neutralization TGF‑ beta 3 Inhibition of IL‑4-dependent Cell Proliferation and Neutralization by TGF‑ beta 3 Antibody. View Larger

TGF‑ beta 3 Inhibition of IL‑4-dependent Cell Proliferation and Neutralization by TGF‑ beta 3 Antibody. Recombinant Human TGF-beta 3 (243-B3) inhibits Recombinant Mouse IL-4 (404-ML) induced proliferation in the HT-2 mouse T cell line in a dose-dependent manner (orange line). Inhibition of Recombinant Mouse IL-4 (7.5 ng/mL) activity elicited by Recombinant Human TGF-beta 3 (0.1 ng/mL) is neutralized (green line) by increasing concentrations of TGF-beta 3 Antigen Affinity-purified Polyclonal Antibody (Catalog # AF-243-NA). The ND50 is typically 0.01-0.05 µg/mL.

Immunohistochemistry View Larger

TGF‑ beta 3 in Human Brain. TGF‑ beta 3 was detected in immersion fixed paraffin-embedded sections of human brain using Goat Anti-TGF‑ beta 3 Antigen Affinity-purified Polyclonal Antibody (Catalog # AF-243-NA) at 5 µg/mL for 1 hour at room temperature followed by incubation with the Anti-Goat IgG VisUCyte™ HRP Polymer Antibody (VC004). Before incubation with the primary antibody, tissue was subjected to heat-induced epitope retrieval using Antigen Retrieval Reagent-Basic (CTS013). Tissue was stained using DAB (brown) and counterstained with hematoxylin (blue). Specific staining was localized to neuronal cell bodies. Staining was performed using our protocol for IHC Staining with VisUCyte HRP Polymer Detection Reagents.

Reconstitution Calculator

Reconstitution Calculator

The reconstitution calculator allows you to quickly calculate the volume of a reagent to reconstitute your vial. Simply enter the mass of reagent and the target concentration and the calculator will determine the rest.

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Preparation and Storage

Reconstitution
Reconstitute at 0.2 mg/mL in sterile PBS.
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Shipping
Lyophilized product is shipped at ambient temperature. Liquid small pack size (-SP) is shipped with polar packs. Upon receipt, store immediately at the temperature recommended below.
Stability & Storage
Use a manual defrost freezer and avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
  • 12 months from date of receipt, -20 to -70 °C as supplied.
  • 1 month, 2 to 8 °C under sterile conditions after reconstitution.
  • 6 months, -20 to -70 °C under sterile conditions after reconstitution.

Background: TGF-beta 3

TGF-beta 3 (transforming growth factor beta 3) is one of three closely related mammalian members of the large TGF-beta superfamily that share a characteristic cystine knot structure (1‑7). TGF-beta 1, -2 and -3 are highly pleiotropic cytokines that are proposed to act as cellular switches that regulate processes such as immune function, proliferation and epithelial-mesenchymal transition (1‑4). Each TGF-beta isoform has some non-redundant functions; for TGF-beta 3, mice with targeted deletion show defects palatogenesis and pulmonary development (2). Human TGF-beta 3 cDNA encodes a 412 amino acid (aa) precursor that contains a 20 aa signal peptide and a 392 aa proprotein (8). A furin-like convertase processes the proprotein to generate an N-terminal 220 aa latency-associated peptide (LAP) and a C-terminal 112 aa mature TGF-  beta 3 (8, 9). Disulfide-linked homodimers of LAP and TGF-beta 3 remain non-covalently associated after secretion, forming the small latent TGF-beta 3 complex (8‑10). Covalent linkage of LAP to one of three latent TGF-beta binding proteins (LTBPs) creates a large latent complex that may interact with the extracellular matrix (9, 10). TGF-beta is activated from latency by pathways that include actions of the protease plasmin, matrix metalloproteases, thrombospondin 1 and a subset of integrins (10). Mature human TGF-beta 3 shows 100%, 99% and 98% aa identity with mouse/dog/horse, rat and pig TGF-beta 3, respectively. It demonstrates cross-species activity (1). TGF-beta 3 signaling begins with high-affinity binding to a type II ser/thr kinase receptor termed TGF-beta  RII. This receptor then phosphorylates and activates a second ser/thr kinase receptor, TGF-beta  RI (also called activin receptor-like kinase (ALK) -5), or alternatively, ALK-1.This complex phosphorylates and activates Smad proteins that regulate transcription (3, 11, 12). Contributions of the accessory receptors betaglycan (also known as TGF-beta  RIII) and endoglin, or use of Smad-independent signaling pathways, allow for disparate actions observed in response to TGF-beta in different contexts (11).

References
  1. Sporn, M.B. (2006) Cytokine Growth Factor Rev. 17:3.
  2. Dunker, N. and K. Krieglstein (2000) Eur. J. Biochem. 267:6982.
  3. Wahl, S.M. (2006) Immunol. Rev. 213:213.
  4. Chang, H. et al. (2002) Endocr. Rev. 23:787.
  5. Lin, J.S. et al. (2006) Reproduction 132:179.
  6. Hinck, A.P. et al. (1996) Biochemistry 35:8517.
  7. Mittl, P.R.E. et al. (1996) Protein Sci. 5:1261.
  8. Derynck, R. et al. (1988) EMBO J. 7:3737.
  9. Miyazono, K. et al. (1988) J. Biol. Chem. 263:6407.
  10. Oklu, R. and R. Hesketh (2000) Biochem. J. 352:601.
  11. de Caestecker, M. et al. (2004) Cytokine Growth Factor Rev. 15:1.
  12. Zuniga, J.E. et al. (2005) J. Mol. Biol. 354:1052.
Long Name
Transforming Growth Factor beta 3
Entrez Gene IDs
7043 (Human); 21809 (Mouse); 25717 (Rat)
Alternate Names
ARVD; ARVD1; FLJ16571; LDS5; RNHF; TGFB3; TGFbeta 3; TGF-beta 3; TGF-beta3; TGF-beta-3; transforming growth factor beta-3; transforming growth factor, beta 3

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Citations for TGF-beta 3 Antibody

R&D Systems personnel manually curate a database that contains references using R&D Systems products. The data collected includes not only links to publications in PubMed, but also provides information about sample types, species, and experimental conditions.

12 Citations: Showing 1 - 10
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  1. Low-Dose-Rate Radiation-Induced Secretion of TGF-beta3 Together with an Activator in Small Extracellular Vesicles Modifies Low-Dose Hyper-Radiosensitivity through ALK1 Binding
    Authors: I Hanson, KE Pitman, U Altanerova, ? Altaner, E Malinen, NFJ Edin
    International Journal of Molecular Sciences, 2022-07-24;23(15):.
    Species: Human
    Sample Types: Whole Cells
    Applications: Neutralization
  2. TGF‐ beta 1 mediates pathologic changes of secondary lymphedema by promoting fibrosis and inflammation
    Authors: Jung Eun Baik, Hyeung Ju Park, Raghu P. Kataru, Ira L. Savetsky, Catherine L. Ly, Jinyeon Shin et al.
    Clinical and Translational Medicine
  3. TGF-beta 3 Induces Autophagic Activity by Increasing ROS Generation in a NOX4-Dependent Pathway
    Authors: Yun Zhang, Hong-Mei Tang, Chun-Feng Liu, Xie-Fang Yuan, Xiao-Yun Wang, Ning Ma et al.
    Mediators of Inflammation
  4. Ephrin reverse signaling mediates palatal fusion and epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition independently of tgf beta 3
    Authors: Maria J. Serrano, Jingpeng Liu, Kathy K.H. Svoboda, Ali Nawshad, M. Douglas Benson
    Journal of Cellular Physiology
  5. TGF-B3 Dependent Modification of Radiosensitivity in Reporter Cells Exposed to Serum from Whole-Body Low Dose-Rate Irradiated Mice
    Authors: Nina Jeppesen Edin, Čestmír Altaner, Veronica Altanerova, Peter Ebbesen
    Dose-Response
  6. Expression of versican V3 by arterial smooth muscle cells alters tumor growth factor beta (TGFbeta)-, epidermal growth factor (EGF)-, and nuclear factor kappaB (NFkappaB)-dependent signaling pathways, creating a microenvironment that resists monocyte adhesion.
    Authors: Kang I, Yoon D, Braun K, Wight T
    J Biol Chem, 2014-04-09;289(22):15393-404.
    Species: Rat
    Sample Types: Whole Cells
    Applications: Neutralization
  7. Loss of muscleblind-like 1 promotes invasive mesenchyme formation in endocardial cushions by stimulating autocrine TGF beta 3
    Authors: Kathryn E LeMasters, Yotam Blech-Hermoni, Samantha J Stillwagon, Natalie A Vajda, Andrea N Ladd
    BMC Developmental Biology
  8. Transforming growth factor Beta 3 is required for excisional wound repair in vivo.
    Authors: Le M, Naridze R, Morrison J, Biggs L, Rhea L, Schutte B, Kaartinen V, Dunnwald M
    PLoS ONE, 2012-10-26;7(10):e48040.
    Species: Mouse
    Sample Types: In Vivo
    Applications: Neutralization
  9. Muscleblind-like 1 is a negative regulator of TGF-β-dependent epithelial–mesenchymal transition of atrioventricular canal endocardial cells
    Authors: Natalie A. Vajda, Kyle R. Brimacombe, Kathryn E. LeMasters, Andrea N. Ladd
    Developmental Dynamics
  10. Activation of transforming growth factor-beta by the integrin alphavbeta8 delays epithelial wound closure.
    Authors: Neurohr C, Nishimura SL, Sheppard D
    Am. J. Respir. Cell Mol. Biol., 2006-03-30;35(2):252-9.
    Species: Human
    Sample Types: Whole Cells
    Applications: Neutralization
  11. Expression of growth factors and growth factor receptor in non-healing and healing ischaemic ulceration.
    Authors: Murphy MO, Ghosh J, Fulford P, Khwaja N, Halka AT, Carter A, Turner NJ, Walker MG
    Eur J Vasc Endovasc Surg, 2006-01-20;31(5):516-22.
    Species: Human
    Sample Types: Whole Tissue
    Applications: IHC
  12. Dental Follicle Stem Cells Ameliorate Lipopolysaccharide-Induced Inflammation by Secreting TGF-b3 and TSP-1 to Elicit Macrophage M2 Polarization
    Authors: Chen X, Yang B, Tian J et al.
    Cell. Physiol. Biochem.

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