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Learn MoreM2a Microglia Activation State Markers
This interactive graphic lists some of the most commonly used M2a microglia markers including Arginase 1 (ARG1), CD206, IL-10, Found in Inflammatory Zone 1 (FIZZ1), and YM1. Clicking on a marker will take you to the R&D Systems product selection for researching that molecule. Clicking on a molecule that is designated by (novusbio.com) will take you to the Novus Biologicals’ website and their antibody offerings for that protein. Use the buttons below to see markers associated with different activated microglia phenotypes, or view the markers that are used to identify steady-state microglia.
Overview
Microglia are the predominant resident immune cells in the brain. They become activated following exposure to pathological insults. Based on the activating stimulus encountered, reactive microglia can acquire different phenotypes that induce different effects, ranging from neuroinflammation to tissue reparation and neuronal protection. M2a microglia are the “alternatively” activated microglia that facilitate resolution of neuroinflammation. Microglia polarize to the M2a phenotype upon exposure to IL-4 or IL-13. These cells secrete IL-10 and various growth factors in order to attenuate the proinflammatory response and stimulate tissue repair, respectively.
