Feline IL-18/IL-1F4 Antibody

Catalog #: AF5989 Datasheet / COA / SDS

Catalog #	Availability	Size / Price	Qty
AF5989
AF5989-SP

IFN‑ gamma Secretion Induced by IL‑18/IL‑1F4 and Neutralization by Feline IL‑18/IL‑1F Antibody.

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Feline IL-18/IL-1F4 Antibody Summary

Species Reactivity

Feline

Specificity

Detects feline IL-18/IL-1F4 in direct ELISAs and Western blots. In direct ELISAs, approximately 50% cross-reactivity with recombinant canine IL-18, approximately 30% cross-reactivity with recombinant porcine IL-18, approximately 20% cross-reactivity with recombinant human IL-18 and recombinant rat IL-18, and less than 10% cross-reactivity with recombinant mouse IL-18 and recombinant rhesus macaque IL-18 is observed.

Source

Polyclonal Sheep IgG

Purification

Antigen Affinity-purified

Immunogen

E. coli-derived recombinant feline IL-18/IL-1F4
Tyr36-Asn192
Accession # Q95M33

Formulation

Lyophilized from a 0.2 μm filtered solution in PBS with Trehalose. *Small pack size (SP) is supplied either lyophilized or as a 0.2 µm filtered solution in PBS.

Endotoxin Level

<0.10 EU per 1 μg of the antibody by the LAL method.

Label

Unconjugated

Applications

Recommended Concentration

Sample

Western Blot

0.1 µg/mL

Recombinant Feline IL-18/IL-1F4 (Catalog # 5989-RM)

Neutralization

Measured by its ability to neutralize IL‑18/IL‑1F4-induced IFN‑ gamma secretion in the KG‑1 human acute myelogenous leukemia cell line. Novick, D. et al. (1999) Immunity 10(1):127. The Neutralization Dose (ND₅₀) is typically 2‑12 µg/mL in the presence of 1 µg/mL Recombinant Rhesus Macaque IL‑18/IL‑1F4 and 20 ng/mL Recombinant Human TNF‑ alpha.

Please Note: Optimal dilutions should be determined by each laboratory for each application. General Protocols are available in the Technical Information section on our website.

Scientific Data

Neutralization

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IFN‑ gamma Secretion Induced by IL‑18/IL‑1F4 and Neutralization by Feline IL‑18/IL‑1F Antibody. In the presence of Recombinant Human TNF-alpha (Catalog # 210-TA), Recombinant Feline IL-18/IL-1F4 (Catalog # 5989-RM) stimulates IFN-gamma secretion in the KG-1 human acute myelogenous leukemia cell line in a dose-dependent manner (orange line), as measured by the Human IFN-gamma Quantikine ELISA Kit (Catalog # DIF50C). Under these conditions, IFN-gamma secretion elicited by Recombinant Feline IL-18/IL-1F4 (1 µg/mL) is neutralized (green line) by increasing concentrations of Sheep Anti-Feline IL-18/IL-1F4 Antigen Affinity-purified Polyclonal Antibody (Catalog # AF5989). The ND₅₀ is typically 2-12 µg/mL.

Reconstitution Calculator

Preparation and Storage

Reconstitution

Reconstitute at 0.2 mg/mL in sterile PBS.

Shipping

Lyophilized product is shipped at ambient temperature. Liquid small pack size (-SP) is shipped with polar packs. Upon receipt, store immediately at the temperature recommended below.

Stability & Storage

Use a manual defrost freezer and avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles.

12 months from date of receipt, -20 to -70 °C as supplied.
1 month, 2 to 8 °C under sterile conditions after reconstitution.
6 months, -20 to -70 °C under sterile conditions after reconstitution.

Background: IL-18/IL-1F4

Interleukin-18 (IL-18), also known as IL-1F4 and IFN-gamma inducing factor (IGIF), is a member of the IL-1 family of cytokines and is a key molecule in the innate immune response (1). Feline IL-18 is synthesized as a 24 kDa proprotein that contains a 35 amino acid (aa) propeptide and a 157 aa mature region (2). Under inflammatory conditions, the propeptide is cleaved by Caspase-1 in the cytoplasm to liberate the mature nonglycosylated 18 kDa monomeric IL-18 (3, 4). Mature feline IL-18 shares 87%-89% aa sequence identity with canine and porcine IL-18 and 62%-77% with human, mouse, rat, and rhesus IL-18. IL-18 is secreted by a variety of cell types including macrophages, dendritic cells, and epithelial cells (1, 5). Circulating mature IL-18 is sequestered by soluble IL-18 binding proteins (IL-18 BP) that inhibit IL-18 bioactivity (6). IL-18 interacts with the widely expressed IL-18 R alpha which then recruits the signaling subunit IL-18 R beta (7, 8). The IL-1 family member IL-1F7 also binds to IL-18 R alpha but does not recruit IL-18 R beta or induce signaling (9). IL-1F7 binds IL-18 BP and enhances its neutralizing effect on IL-18 activity (9). IL-18 synergizes with other cytokines to activate NK, Th1, and Th17 cells and to increase the production of IFN-gamma (1, 5, 10, 11, 12). IL-18 can also promote Th2 cytokine release which reduces the effectiveness of antiviral responses (13, 14). Increased levels of active IL-18 contribute to the severity of autoimmunity and hypertension, while deficiency of IL-18 results in symptoms of metabolic syndrome (1, 5, 15, 16). In cancer, IL-18 stimulates Th1 and NK cells to target tumor cells, but it can also promote angiogenesis, metastasis, and tumor cell immune evasion (11).

References

Arend, W.P. et al. (2008) Immunol. Rev. 223:20.
Ishizaka, T. et al. (2001) Vet. Immunol. Immunopathol. 79:209.
Ghayur, T. et al. (1997) Nature 386:619.
Gu, Y. et al. (1997) Science 275:206.
Boraschi, D. and C.A. Dinarello (2006) Eur. Cytokine Netw. 17:224.
Novick, D. et al. (1999) Immunity 10:127.
Torigoe, K. et al. (1997) J. Biol. Chem. 272:25737.
Born, T.L. et al. (1998) J. Biol. Chem. 273:29445.
Bufler, P. et al. (2002) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. 99:13723.
Takeda, K. et al. (1998) Immunity 8:383.
Park, S. et al. (2007) Cell. Mol. Immunol. 4:329.
Yoshimoto, T. et al. (1998) J. Immunol. 161:3400.
Hoshino, T. et al. (2001) J. Immunol. 166:7014.
Iannello, A. et al. (2009) AIDS Rev. 11:115.
Rabkin, S.W. (2009) Nat. Clin. Pract. Cardiovasc. Med. 6:192.
Netea, M.G. et al. (2006) Nat. Med. 12:650.

Long Name

Interleukin 18

Entrez Gene IDs

3606 (Human); 16173 (Mouse); 29197 (Rat); 397057 (Porcine); 574151 (Primate)

Alternate Names

Iboctadekin; IFN-gamma-inducing factor; IGIF; IGIFIL-1 gamma; IL18; IL-18; IL-18MGC12320; IL-1F4; IL1F4iboctadekin; IL-1g; Interferon gamma-inducing factor; interleukin 18 (interferon-gamma-inducing factor); Interleukin-1 gamma; interleukin-18