Human AgRP/ART Biotinylated Antibody Summary
Ala21-Thr132
Accession # O00253
Applications
Human AgRP/ART Sandwich Immunoassay
Please Note: Optimal dilutions should be determined by each laboratory for each application. General Protocols are available in the Technical Information section on our website.
Reconstitution Calculator
Preparation and Storage
- 12 months from date of receipt, -20 to -70 °C as supplied.
- 1 month, 2 to 8 °C under sterile conditions after reconstitution.
- 6 months, -20 to -70 °C under sterile conditions after reconstitution.
Background: AgRP/ART
Agouti-Related Protein (AgRP), the protein product of the Agouti-Related Transcript (ART), is a neuropeptide that regulates energy metabolism and the development of obesity by antagonizing alpha -melanocyte stimulating hormone ( alpha -MSH) on MC-3 and MC-4 receptors (1 - 4). AgRP is predominantly expressed in the hypothalamus and adrenal medulla (5). Mature human AgRP is a 112 amino acid (aa) peptide; its C-terminal portion contains ten conserved cysteines that form five disulfide bonds (5, 6). Human AgRP shares 82% and 72% aa sequence identity with mouse and rat AgRP, respectively. It shares 32% aa sequence identity with Agouti. As in the case of Agouti, the C-terminal cysteine-rich region is sufficient for biological activity (7). AgRP is 100 times more potent than Agouti in antagonizing MC-3 and MC-4 receptors (8). AgRP also induces the beta -arrestin dependent endocytosis of MC-3 and MC-4 (9). Hypothalamic expression of AgRP is upregulated in obesity and diabetes (5, 10), and chronic AgRP administration increases food intake and weight gain in rats (11). Genetically-linked polymorphisms of AgRP in humans are associated with susceptibility to anorexia nervosa (12, 13). In addition, AgRP inhibits the ACTH-induced synthesis of steroid hormones in a mechanism that does not involve melanocortin receptors (14).
- Martin, N.M. et al. (2006) Peptides 27:333.
- Fan, W. et al. (1997) Nature 385:165.
- Ollmann, M.M. et al. (1997) Science 278:135.
- Arora, S. and Anubhuti (2006) Neuropeptides 40:375.
- Shutter, J.R. et al. (1997) Genes Develop. 11:593.
- Kiefer, L.L. et al. (1998) Biochemistry 37:991.
- Jackson, P.J. et al. (2002) Biochemistry 41:7565.
- Fong, T.M. et al. (1997) Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 237:629.
- Breit, A. et al. (2006) J. Biol. Chem. 281:37447.
- Katsuki, A. et al. (2001) J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab. 86:1921.
- Small, C.K. et al. (2001) Diabetes 50:248.
- Vink, T. et al. (2001) Mol. Psychiatry 6:325.
- Dardennes, R.M. et al. (2007) Psychoneuroendocrinology 32:106.
- Doghman, M. et al. (2007) Mol. Cell. Endocrinol. 265 - 266:108.
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