Human Angiopoietin-4 Antibody Summary
Gln23-Ile503
Accession # Q9Y264
Applications
In a functional ELISA, 1-3 µg/mL of this antibody will block 50% of the binding of 50 ng/mL of Recombinant Human Angiopoietin-4 (Catalog # 964-AN) to immobilized Recombinant Human Tie-2 Fc Chimera (Catalog # 313-TI) coated at 4 µg/mL (100 µL/well). At 50 μg/mL, this antibody will block >85% of the binding.
Please Note: Optimal dilutions should be determined by each laboratory for each application. General Protocols are available in the Technical Information section on our website.
Scientific Data
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Angiopoietin‑4 in Human Lung. Angiopoietin‑4 was detected in immersion fixed paraffin-embedded sections of human lung using 10 µg/mL Goat Anti-Human Angiopoietin‑4 Antigen Affinity-purified Polyclonal Antibody (Catalog # AF964) overnight at 4 °C. Before incubation with the primary antibody tissue was subjected to heat-induced epitope retrieval using Antigen Retrieval Reagent-Basic (Catalog # CTS013). Tissue was stained with the Anti-Goat HRP-DAB Cell & Tissue Staining Kit (brown; Catalog # CTS008) and counterstained with hematoxylin (blue). Lower panel shows a lack of labeling if primary antibodies are omitted and tissue is stained only with secondary antibody followed by incubation with detection reagents. View our protocol for Chromogenic IHC Staining of Paraffin-embedded Tissue Sections.
Reconstitution Calculator
Preparation and Storage
- 12 months from date of receipt, -20 to -70 °C as supplied.
- 1 month, 2 to 8 °C under sterile conditions after reconstitution.
- 6 months, -20 to -70 °C under sterile conditions after reconstitution.
Background: Angiopoietin-4
GITR (glucocorticoid-induced TNF receptor superfamily-related protein, also named AITR, activation-inducible TNF receptor superfamily-related protein) and GITR ligand (GITRL) are novel members of the TNF receptor (TNFR) and TNF superfamilies (SF) that have been designated TNFRSF18 and TNFSF18, respectively. Human GITRL cDNA encodes a 177 amino acid residues type II membrane protein. The carboxy-terminal extracellular domain shows sequence identity to TNF/TNFSF2 (21%), Fas ligand/TNFSF6 (21%), TRAIL/TNFSF10 (18%), and lymphotoxin alpha /TNFSF1 (18%). GITRL is constitutively expressed in human umbilical vein endothelial cells but is not expressed in resting or stimulated T cell lines, B cell lines or peripheral blood mononuclear cells. GITR, the receptor for GITRL, is expressed at low levels in peripheral blood T cells, bone marrow, thymus, spleen and lymph nodes. In contrast to mouse GITR, expression of human GITR is not induced by treatment with dexamethasone, but is up-regulated by antigen-receptor stimulation or by treatment with soluble anti-CD3 plus anti-CD28 or PMA plus ionomycin. Ligation of GITR has been found to induce nuclear factor (NF)-kappa B activation via TNF receptor-associated factor 2 and protect cells from TCR activation-induced cell death. It has been proposed that GITRL and GITR may modulate T lymphocyte functions in peripheral tissues.
- Nocentini, G. et al. (1997) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 94:6216.
- Kwon, B. et al. (1999) J. Biol. Chem. 274:6056.
- Gurney, A.L. et al. (1999) Current Biology 9:215.
- Kwon, B. et al. (1999) Current Opinion in Immunology 11:340.
Product Datasheets
Citations for Human Angiopoietin-4 Antibody
R&D Systems personnel manually curate a database that contains references using R&D Systems products. The data collected includes not only links to publications in PubMed, but also provides information about sample types, species, and experimental conditions.
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Angiopoietin-4 promotes glioblastoma progression by enhancing tumor cell viability and angiogenesis.
Authors: Brunckhorst MK, Wang H, Lu R, Yu Q
Cancer Res., 2010-09-07;70(18):7283-93.
Species: Human
Sample Types: Cell Lysates
Applications: Western Blot -
Enhancement of angiogenic effectors through hypoxia-inducible factor in preterm primate lung in vivo.
Authors: Asikainen TM, Waleh NS, Schneider BK, Clyman RI, White CW
Am. J. Physiol. Lung Cell Mol. Physiol., 2006-05-05;291(4):L588-95.
Species: Primate - Papio anubis (Olive Baboon)
Sample Types: Tissue Homogenates
Applications: Western Blot -
Activation of hypoxia-inducible factors in hyperoxia through prolyl 4-hydroxylase blockade in cells and explants of primate lung.
Authors: Asikainen TM, Schneider BK, Waleh NS, Clyman RI, Ho WB, Flippin LA, Gunzler V, White CW
Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A., 2005-07-11;102(29):10212-7.
Species: Human
Sample Types: Cell Lysates
Applications: Western Blot
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