Human B7-2/CD86 Antibody Summary
Ala23-His244
Accession # P42081
Applications
Please Note: Optimal dilutions should be determined by each laboratory for each application. General Protocols are available in the Technical Information section on our website.
Scientific Data
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Detection of Human B7‑2/CD86 by Western Blot. Western blot shows lysates of Daudi human Burkitt's lymphoma cell line. PVDF membrane was probed with 0.5 µg/mL of Goat Anti-Human B7-2/CD86 Antigen Affinity-purified Polyclonal Antibody (Catalog # AF-141-NA) followed by HRP-conjugated Anti-Goat IgG Secondary Antibody (Catalog # HAF017). A specific band was detected for B7-2/CD86 at approximately 75 kDa (as indicated). This experiment was conducted under reducing conditions and using Immunoblot Buffer Group 1.
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B7‑2/CD86 in Human Tonsil. B7-2/CD86 was detected in immersion fixed paraffin-embedded sections of human tonsil using Goat Anti-Human B7-2/CD86 Antigen Affinity-purified Polyclonal Antibody (Catalog # AF-141-NA) at 15 µg/mL overnight at 4 °C. Tissue was stained using the Anti-Goat HRP-DAB Cell & Tissue Staining Kit (brown; Catalog # CTS008) and counterstained with hematoxylin (blue). View our protocol for Chromogenic IHC Staining of immersion fixed paraffin-embedded Tissue Sections.
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B7‑2/CD86 in Human Tonsil. B7-2/CD86 was detected in immersion fixed paraffin-embedded sections of human tonsil using Goat Anti-Human B7-2/CD86 Antigen Affinity-purified Polyclonal Antibody (Catalog # AF-141-NA) at 3 µg/mL for 1 hour at room temperature followed by incubation with the Anti-Goat IgG VisUCyte™ HRP Polymer Antibody (Catalog # VC004). Tissue was stained using DAB (brown) and counterstained with hematoxylin (blue). Specific staining was localized to lymphocytes. View our protocol for IHC Staining with VisUCyte HRP Polymer Detection Reagents.
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IL‑2 secretion Induced by B7‑2/CD86 and Neutralization by Human B7‑2/CD86 Antibody. Recombinant Human B7-2/CD86 Fc Chimera (Catalog # 141-B2) co-stimulates IL-2 secretion in the Jurkat human acute T cell leukemia cell line in the presence of PHA in a dose-dependent manner (orange line), as measured by the Human IL-2 Quantikine ELISA Kit (Catalog # D2050). IL-2 secretion elicited by Recombinant Human B7-2/CD86 Fc Chimera (2 µg/mL) and PHA (10 µg/mL) is neutralized (green line) by increasing concentrations of Goat Anti-Human B7-2/CD86 Antigen Affinity-purified Polyclonal Antibody (Catalog # AF-141-NA). The ND50 is typically 0.25-1.25 µg/mL.
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Western Blot Shows Human B7‑2/CD86 Specificity by Using Knockout Cell Line. Western blot shows lysates of Ramos human Burkitt's lymphoma parental cell line and B7-2/CD86 knockout Ramos cell line (KO). PVDF membrane was probed with 0.5 µg/mL of Goat Anti-Human B7-2/CD86 Antigen Affinity-purified Polyclonal Antibody (Catalog # AF-141-NA) followed by HRP-conjugated Anti-Goat IgG Secondary Antibody (Catalog # HAF017). A specific band was detected for B7-2/CD86 at approximately 74 kDa (as indicated) in the parental Ramos cell line, but is not detectable in knockout Ramos cell line. GAPDH (Catalog # AF5718) is shown as a loading control. This experiment was conducted under reducing conditions and using Immunoblot Buffer Group 1.
Reconstitution Calculator
Preparation and Storage
- 12 months from date of receipt, -20 to -70 °C as supplied.
- 1 month, 2 to 8 °C under sterile conditions after reconstitution.
- 6 months, -20 to -70 °C under sterile conditions after reconstitution.
Background: B7-2/CD86
B7-1 and B7-2, together with their receptors CD28 and CTLA-4, constitute one of the dominant costimulatory pathways that regulate T- and B-cell responses. Although both CTLA-4 and CD28 can bind to the same ligands, CTLA-4 binds to B7-1 and B7-2 with a 20‑100 fold higher affinity than CD28 and is involved in the down‑regulation of the immune response. B7-1 is expressed on activated B cells, activated T cells, and macrophages. B7-2 is constitutively expressed on interdigitating dendritic cells, Langerhans cells, peripheral blood dendritic cells, memory B cells, and germinal center B cells. Additionally, B7-2 is expressed at low levels on monocytes and can be up-regulated through interferon gamma. B7-1 and B7-2 are both members of the immunoglobulin superfamily. Human B7-2 is a 329 amino acid (aa) protein containing a putative 23 aa signal peptide, a 224 aa extracellular domain, a 21 aa transmembrane domain, and a 61 aa cytoplasmic domain. Human B7-2 and B7-1 share 26% amino acid identity. Human and mouse B7-2 share 50% amino acid identity. However, it has been observed that both human and mouse B7‑1 and
B7‑2 can bind to either human or mouse CD28 and CTLA-4, suggesting that there are conserved amino acids which form the B7-1/B7-2/CD28/CTLA-4 critical binding sites.
- Azuma, M. et al. (1993) Nature 366:76.
- Freeman, G.J. et al. (1993) Science 262:909.
- Freeman, G. et al. (1991) J. Exp. Med. 174:625.
- Selvakumar, A. et al. (1993) Immunogenetics 38:292.
- Chen, C. et al. (1994) J. Immunol. 152:4929.
- Freeman, G.J. et al. (1993) J. Exp. Med. 178:2185.
Product Datasheets
Citations for Human B7-2/CD86 Antibody
R&D Systems personnel manually curate a database that contains references using R&D Systems products. The data collected includes not only links to publications in PubMed, but also provides information about sample types, species, and experimental conditions.
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Citations: Showing 1 - 10
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IL-34 Downregulation‒Associated M1/M2 Macrophage Imbalance Is Related to Inflammaging in Sun-Exposed Human Skin
Authors: Satoshi Horiba, Ryota Kami, Taiki Tsutsui, Junichi Hosoi
JID Innovations
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Pro‐inflammatory activation of microglia in the brain of patients with sepsis
Authors: T. Zrzavy, R. Höftberger, T. Berger, H. Rauschka, O. Butovsky, H. Weiner et al.
Neuropathology and Applied Neurobiology
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The homodimer interfaces of costimulatory receptors B7 and CD28 control their engagement and pro-inflammatory signaling
Authors: Popugailo, A;Rotfogel, Z;Levy, M;Turgeman, O;Hillman, D;Levy, R;Arad, G;Shpilka, T;Kaempfer, R;
Journal of biomedical science
Species: Mouse
Sample Types: Whole Cells
Applications: Flow Cytometry -
Loss of 'homeostatic' microglia and patterns of their activation in active multiple sclerosis
Authors: T Zrzavy, S Hametner, I Wimmer, O Butovsky, HL Weiner, H Lassmann
Brain, 2017-07-01;0(0):.
Species: Human
Sample Types: Whole Tissue
Applications: IHC-P -
Tumor microenvironment contributes to Epstein-Barr virus anti-nuclear antigen-1 antibody production in nasopharyngeal carcinoma
Authors: P Ai, Z Li, Y Jiang, C Song, L Zhang, H Hu, T Wang
Oncol Lett, 2017-06-22;14(2):2458-2462.
Species: Human
Sample Types: Whole Tissue
Applications: IHC-P -
Regional immunity in melanoma: immunosuppressive changes precede nodal metastasis.
Authors: Mansfield AS, Holtan SG, Grotz TE
Mod. Pathol., 2010-12-10;24(4):487-94.
Species: Human
Sample Types: Whole Tissue
Applications: IHC-P -
Modulation of T-cell activation by malignant melanoma initiating cells.
Authors: Schatton T, Schutte U, Frank NY, Zhan Q, Hoerning A, Robles SC, Zhou J, Hodi FS, Spagnoli GC, Murphy GF, Frank MH
Cancer Res., 2010-01-12;70(2):697-708.
Species: Human
Sample Types: Whole Tissue
Applications: IHC -
The soluble forms of CD28, CD86 and CTLA-4 constitute possible immunological markers in patients with abdominal aortic aneurysm.
Authors: Sakthivel P, Shively V, Kakoulidou M
J. Intern. Med., 2007-04-01;261(4):399-407.
Species: Human
Sample Types: Plasma
Applications: ELISA Development -
Human plasma contains a soluble form of CD86 which is present at elevated levels in some leukaemia patients.
Authors: Hock BD, Patton WN, Budhia S, Mannari D, Roberts P, McKenzie JL
Leukemia, 2002-05-01;16(5):865-73.
Species: Human
Sample Types: Plasma
Applications: ELISA Development -
Dominant role of microglial and macrophage innate immune responses in human ischemic infarcts
Authors: Tobias Zrzavy, Joana Machado-Santos, Sheren Christine, Christoph Baumgartner, Howard L. Weiner, Oleg Butovsky et al.
Brain Pathology
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Slow expansion of multiple sclerosis iron rim lesions: pathology and 7 T magnetic resonance imaging
Authors: Assunta Dal-Bianco, Günther Grabner, Claudia Kronnerwetter, Michael Weber, Romana Höftberger, Thomas Berger et al.
Acta Neuropathologica
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