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Human Gas6 Biotinylated Antibody

Catalog #: BAF885
10 Citations 1 Review Datasheet / COA / SDS
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BAF885
Detection of Human Gas6 by Flow Cytometry
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Product Details
Citations (10)
FAQs
Supplemental Products
Reviews (1)
Summary Data Examples Preparation and Storage Reconstitution Calculator Background Product Datasheets Related Research Areas

Human Gas6 Biotinylated Antibody Summary

Species Reactivity
Human
Specificity
Detects human Gas6 in Western blots. In Western blots, approximately 15% cross-reactivity with recombinant mouse Gas6 is observed.
Source
Polyclonal Goat IgG
Purification
Antigen Affinity-purified
Immunogen
Mouse myeloma cell line NS0-derived recombinant human Gas6
Asp118-Ala678
Accession # NP_000811
Formulation
Lyophilized from a 0.2 μm filtered solution in PBS with BSA as a carrier protein.
Label
Biotin

Applications

Recommended Concentration
Sample
Western Blot
0.1 µg/mL
Recombinant Human Gas6 (Catalog # 885-GS)

Please Note: Optimal dilutions should be determined by each laboratory for each application. General Protocols are available in the Technical Information section on our website.

Scientific Data

Flow Cytometry Detection of Human Gas6 by Flow Cytometry View Larger

Detection of Human Gas6 by Flow Cytometry Inflammatory stimuli associated with viral infections upregulate Axl and promote Gas6 binding to macrophages. (A–E) MDMs were stimulated for 24 h with dexamethasone (Dex), LPS, IFN‐ gamma, poly(I:C) or IFN‐ alpha. (A) MerTK and (C) Axl protein expression determined by ELISA of total cell lysates (mean+SEM, n = 4). (B) MerTK and (D) Axl protein expression analyzed by western blotting; actin was used as loading control. A representative of two to three independent experiments is shown. (E) Flow cytometric analysis of Axl expression on MDMs stimulated with poly(I:C) or IFN‐ alpha for 24 h. Representative histograms of two independent experiments are shown; dotted line/shaded: FMO control. (F) Axl and MerTK relative mRNA and (G) protein expression in MDMs differentiated by 6‐day culture in M‐CSF or GM‐CSF determined by qPCR (mean+SEM, n = 6) and by ELISA of total cell lysates (mean+SEM, n = 3), respectively. (H) Axl, MerTK and Tyro3 relative mRNA expression in MDMs stimulated as in (A–C) analyzed by qPCR (mean+SEM, n = 2–3). (I and J) Flow cytometric analysis of Gas6 binding to MDMs stimulated with poly(I:C) for 24 h. (I) Representative of four independent experiments is shown; dotted line/shaded: isotype control. (J) Ratio of Gas6 to isotype control geometric mean fluorescence intensity (MFI)+SEM in unstimulated and poly(I:C)‐stimulated MDMs (n = 4). *p < 0.01, paired t‐test. ELISA and qPCR samples were assayed in duplicate. Image collected and cropped by CiteAb from the following publication (https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29400409), licensed under a CC-BY license. Not internally tested by R&D Systems.

Reconstitution Calculator

Reconstitution Calculator

The reconstitution calculator allows you to quickly calculate the volume of a reagent to reconstitute your vial. Simply enter the mass of reagent and the target concentration and the calculator will determine the rest.

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Preparation and Storage

Reconstitution
Reconstitute at 0.2 mg/mL in sterile PBS.
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Shipping
The product is shipped at ambient temperature. Upon receipt, store it immediately at the temperature recommended below.
Stability & Storage
Use a manual defrost freezer and avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
  • 12 months from date of receipt, -20 to -70 °C as supplied.
  • 1 month, 2 to 8 °C under sterile conditions after reconstitution.
  • 6 months, -20 to -70 °C under sterile conditions after reconstitution.

Background: Gas6

Gas6 (Growth Arrest Specific 6) is a multimodular protein that is upregulated by a wide variety of cell types in response to growth arrest (1). Gas6 and the structurally related Protein S are vitamin K-dependent and have an extensively gamma -carboxylated N-terminal Gla domain, four EGF-like repeats, and a C-terminal region with homology to steroid hormone binding globulin (SHBG) (2). Human Gas6 is a 75 kDa protein that shares 77-79% amino acid (aa) sequence identity with mouse and rat Gas6 and 43% aa sequence identity with human protein S (over the region expressed). Alternate splicing generates isoforms that lack the Gla domain and/or the spacer between the EGF-like and SHBG regions. Gas6 binds and induces signaling through the receptor tyrosine kinases Axl, Dtk, and Mer (3-5). Human Gas6 interacts with both mouse and rat orthologs of these receptors (1). The full length isoform may be cleaved, resulting in release of the free SHBG region which can independently activate Axl (6). Shed soluble forms of Axl and Mer bind Gas6 and function as decoy receptors (7, 8). Gas6 induces a variety of responses, including prevention of apoptosis (9), cell proliferation (10), platelet-mediated thrombosis (11), retinal epithelial cell phagocytosis of outer rod segments (12), inhibition of VEGF‑induced endothelial cell chemotaxis (13), and the differentiation and expansion of NK cell precursors (14). The affinity of Gas6 for phosphatidylserine likely contributes to its role in promoting the phagocytosis of apoptotic cells (15). Several of these effects have been shown to require gamma -carboxylation of the Gla domain (12, 16).

References
  1. Hafizi, S. and B. Dahlback (2006) FEBS J. 273:5231.
  2. Manfioletti, G. et al. (1993) Mol. Cell Biol. 13:4976.
  3. Stitt, T.N. et al. (1995) Cell 80:661.
  4. Ohashi, K. et al. (1995) J. Biol. Chem. 270:22681.
  5. Nagata, K. et al. (1996) J. Biol. Chem. 271:30022.
  6. Goruppi, S. et al. (1997) FEBS Lett. 415:59.
  7. Sather, S. et al. (2007) Blood 109:1026.
  8. Budagian, V. et al. (2005) Mol. Cell. Biol. 25:9324.
  9. Shankar, S.L. et al. (2006) J. Neurosci. 26:5638.
  10. Yanagita, M. et al. (2002) J. Clin. Invest. 110:239.
  11. Gould, W.R. et al. (2005) J. Thromb. Haemost. 3:733.
  12. Hall, M.O. et al. (2002) Exp. Eye Res. 75:391.
  13. Gallicchio, M. et al. (2005) Blood 105:1970.
  14. Caraux, A. et al. (2006) Nat. Immunol. 7:747.
  15. Wu, Y. et al. (2005) J. Cell Sci. 118:539.
  16. Hasanbasic, I. et al. (2005) J. Thromb. Haemost. 3:2790.
Long Name
Growth-arrest-specific Protein 6
Entrez Gene IDs
2621 (Human); 14456 (Mouse)
Alternate Names
AXLLG; AXLLGAXL stimulatory factor; AXSFAXL receptor tyrosine kinase ligand; DKFZp666G247; FLJ34709; Gas6; GAS-6; growth arrest-specific 6; growth arrest-specific protein 6

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Citations for Human Gas6 Biotinylated Antibody

R&D Systems personnel manually curate a database that contains references using R&D Systems products. The data collected includes not only links to publications in PubMed, but also provides information about sample types, species, and experimental conditions.

10 Citations: Showing 1 - 10
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  1. GAS6/AXL Inhibition Enhances Ovarian Cancer Sensitivity to Chemotherapy and PARP Inhibition through Increased DNA Damage and Enhanced Replication Stress
    Authors: Mary M. Mullen, Elena Lomonosova, Michael D. Toboni, Alyssa Oplt, Emily Cybulla, Barbara Blachut et al.
    Molecular Cancer Research
  2. Role of Gas6 and TAM Receptors in the Identification of Cardiopulmonary Involvement in Systemic Sclerosis and Scleroderma Spectrum Disorders
    Authors: M Bellan, A Dimagli, C Piccinino, A Giubertoni, A Ianniello, F Grimoldi, M Sguazzotti, A Nerviani, M Barini, A Carriero, C Smirne, ME Burlone, C Rigamonti, R Minisini, L Salmi, MN Barbaglia, LM Castello, D Sola, P Marino, GC Avanzi, M Pirisi, PP Sainaghi
    Dis. Markers, 2020-05-12;2020(0):2696173.
    Species: Human
    Sample Types: Plasma
    Applications: ELISA (detection)
  3. A high Gas6 level in plasma predicts venous thromboembolism recurrence, major bleeding and mortality in the elderly: a prospective multicenter cohort study
    Authors: Annatina Schnegg‐Kaufmann, Sara Calzavarini, Andreas Limacher, Marie Mean, Marc Righini, Daniel Staub et al.
    Journal of Thrombosis and Haemostasis
  4. Study of Early Elevated Gas6 Plasma Level as a Predictor of Mortality in a Prospective Cohort of Patients with Sepsis
    Authors: Grégoire Stalder, Yok Ai Que, Sara Calzavarini, Laurent Burnier, Christophe Kosinski, Pierluigi Ballabeni et al.
    PLOS ONE
  5. An engineered Axl 'decoy receptor' effectively silences the Gas6-Axl signaling axis
    Authors: Mihalis S. Kariolis, Yu Rebecca Miao, Douglas S. Jones, Shiven Kapur, Irimpan I. Mathews, Amato J. Giaccia et al.
    Nature Chemical Biology
  6. IL-17 stimulates differentiation of human anti-inflammatory macrophages and phagocytosis of apoptotic neutrophils in response to IL-10 and glucocorticoids.
    Authors: Zizzo G, Cohen P
    J Immunol, 2013-04-17;190(10):5237-46.
    Species: Human
    Sample Types: Cell Culture Supernates
  7. Efficient clearance of early apoptotic cells by human macrophages requires M2c polarization and MerTK induction.
    Authors: Zizzo G, Hilliard B, Monestier M, Cohen P
    J Immunol, 2012-08-31;189(7):3508-20.
    Species: Human
    Sample Types: Cell Culture Supernates
    Applications: ELISA Development
  8. Plasma protein growth arrest-specific 6 levels are associated with altered glucose tolerance, inflammation, and endothelial dysfunction.
    Authors: Hung YJ, Lee CH, Chu NF
    Diabetes Care, 2010-05-26;33(8):1840-4.
    Species: Human
    Sample Types: Plasma
    Applications: ELISA Development
  9. Gas6 evaluation in patients with acute dyspnea due to suspected pulmonary embolism.
    Authors: Sainaghi PP, Alciato F, Carnieletto S, Castello L, Bergamasco L, Sola D, Bongo AS, Inglese E, Polosa R, Avanzi GC
    Respir Med, 2008-11-25;103(4):589-94.
    Species: Human
    Sample Types: Plasma
    Applications: ELISA Development
  10. Development of a novel immunoassay for the assessment of plasma Gas6 concentrations and their variation with hormonal status.
    Authors: Clauser S, Peyrard S, Gaussem P, Crespin M, Emmerich J, Aiach M, Borgel D
    Clin. Chem., 2007-08-23;53(10):1808-13.
    Species: Human
    Sample Types: Plasma
    Applications: ELISA Development

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Human Gas6 Biotinylated Antibody
By Anonymous on 12/16/2020
Application: ELISA Sample Tested: Serum Species: Human
ELISA Human Gas6 Biotinylated Antibody BAF885