Human GITR Ligand/TNFSF18 Biotinylated Antibody

Catalog #: BAF694 Datasheet / COA / SDS

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BAF694

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Human GITR Ligand/TNFSF18 Biotinylated Antibody Summary

Species Reactivity

Human

Specificity

Detects GITR Ligand/TNFSF18 in Western blots.

Source

Polyclonal Goat IgG

Purification

Antigen Affinity-purified

Immunogen

S. frugiperda insect ovarian cell line Sf 21-derived recombinant human GITR Ligand/TNFSF18
Glu52-Ser177
Accession # Q9UNG2

Formulation

Lyophilized from a 0.2 μm filtered solution in PBS with BSA as a carrier protein.

Label

Biotin

Applications

Recommended Concentration

Sample

Western Blot

0.1 µg/mL

Recombinant Human GITR Ligand/TNFSF18 (Catalog # 694-GL)

Flow Cytometry

2.5 µg/10⁶ cells

HUVEC human umbilical vein endothelial cells

Please Note: Optimal dilutions should be determined by each laboratory for each application. General Protocols are available in the Technical Information section on our website.

Reconstitution Calculator

Preparation and Storage

Reconstitution

Reconstitute at 0.2 mg/mL in sterile PBS.

Shipping

The product is shipped at ambient temperature. Upon receipt, store it immediately at the temperature recommended below.

Stability & Storage

Use a manual defrost freezer and avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles.

12 months from date of receipt, -20 to -70 °C as supplied.
1 month, 2 to 8 °C under sterile conditions after reconstitution.
6 months, -20 to -70 °C under sterile conditions after reconstitution.

Background: GITR Ligand/TNFSF18

GITR (glucocorticoid-induced TNF receptor superfamily-related protein, also named AITR, activation-inducible TNF receptor superfamily-related protein) and GITR ligand (GITRL) are novel members of the TNF receptor (TNFR) and TNF superfamilies (SF) that have been designated TNFRSF18 and TNFSF18, respectively. Human GITRL cDNA encodes a 177 amino acid residues type II membrane protein. The carboxy-terminal extracellular domain shows sequence identity to TNF/TNFSF2 (21%), Fas ligand/TNFSF6 (21%), TRAIL/TNFSF10 (18%), and lymphotoxin alpha /TNFSF1 (18%). GITRL is constitutively expressed in human umbilical vein endothelial cells but is not expressed in resting or stimulated T cell lines, B cell lines or peripheral blood mononuclear cells. GITR, the receptor for GITRL, is expressed at low levels in peripheral blood T cells, bone marrow, thymus, spleen and lymph nodes. In contrast to mouse GITR, expression of human GITR is not induced by treatment with dexamethasone, but is up-regulated by antigen-receptor stimulation or by treatment with soluble anti-CD3 plus anti-CD28 or PMA plus ionomycin. Ligation of GITR has been found to induce nuclear factor (NF)-kappa B activation via TNF receptor-associated factor 2 and protect cells from TCR activation-induced cell death. It has been proposed that GITRL and GITR may modulate T lymphocyte functions in peripheral tissues.

References

Nocentini, G. et al. (1997) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 94:6216.
Kwon, B. et al. (1999) J. Biol. Chem. 274:6056.
Gurney, A.L. et al. (1999) Current Biology 9:215.
Kwon, B. et al. (1999) Current Opinion in Immunology 11:340.

Long Name

Glucocorticoid Induced TNF Receptor Family Related Gene Ligand

Entrez Gene IDs

8995 (Human); 240873 (Mouse); 364031 (Rat)

Alternate Names

Activation-inducible TNF-related ligand; AITRL; AITRLMGC138237; GITR Ligand; GITRL; GITRLglucocorticoid-induced TNFR-related protein ligand; Glucocorticoid-induced TNF-related ligand; hGITRLGITR ligand; TL6AITR ligand; TNFSF18; tumor necrosis factor (ligand) superfamily, member 18; tumor necrosis factor ligand superfamily member 18