Human GPR56 Biotinylated Antibody Summary
Arg26-Val342
Accession # AAP35975
Applications
Please Note: Optimal dilutions should be determined by each laboratory for each application. General Protocols are available in the Technical Information section on our website.
Scientific Data
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Detection of GPR56 in Human Blood Lymphocytes by Flow Cytometry. Human peripheral blood lymphocytes were stained with (A) Sheep Anti-Human GPR56 Biotinylated Affinity-purified Polyclonal Antibody (Catalog # BAF4634) or (B) control antibody (Catalog # BAF020), followed by Phycoerythrin-conjugated Streptavidin (Catalog # F0040) and Mouse anti-Human CD56 APC-conjugated monoclonal antibody (Catalog # FAB2408A). View our protocol for Staining Membrane-associated Proteins.
Reconstitution Calculator
Preparation and Storage
- 12 months from date of receipt, -20 to -70 °C as supplied.
- 1 month, 2 to 8 °C under sterile conditions after reconstitution.
- 6 months, -20 to -70 °C under sterile conditions after reconstitution.
Background: GPR56
GPR56 is a member of the LN-TM7 family of adhesion-type 7-transmembrane (TM) G-protein coupled receptors (GPCR) with long extracellular N-termini (1‑3). The 693 amino acid (aa) human GPR56 contains a 25 aa signal sequence, a 377 aa N-terminal extracellular domain (ECD) and seven TM regions separated by short intracellular and extracellular regions. Like other LN-TM7 members, the ECD contains a highly glycosylated mucin-like stalk followed by a GPCR proteolytic cleavage site (GPS) (1, 4). Cleavage of the 60 kDa N-terminus from the 80 kDa full length form is needed for efficient cell surface expression (5, 6). While the cleaved portion may remain non-covalently associated, it has also been found in conditioned medium of cultured cells (5). Human GPR56 shares 71%, 72%, 80%, 80% and 79% aa identity with mouse, rat, canine, equine, and bovine GPR56 within the cleaved ECD. A functional splice variant lacking the GPS site and a non-functional splice variant lacking portions of the TM domains have also been described (4). A human brain developmental disorder, bilateral frontoparietal polymicrogyria, is associated with GPR56 mutations that also show impaired GPS cleavage, intracellular trafficking, and expression at the cell surface (5). GPR56 is widely distributed, with highest mRNA or expressed sequence tag expression in brain, thyroid, skin and female reproductive system (3, 4). GPR56 expression is upregulated during cell transformation and is high in melanomas, glioblastomas and astrocytomas, but downregulated in melanomas with high metastatic potential (2, 6‑8). Although the function of GPR56 is not completely known, it is clearly an adhesion protein (6‑8). Tissue transglutaminase (TG2) is one reported ligand, binding of which inhibits melanoma growth and metastasis (6). Association of GPR56 with the tetraspanin CD81 stabilizes its complex with Gaq/11 for cell signaling (9).
- Fredriksson, R. et al. (2002) FEBS Lett. 531:407.
- Zendman, A.J.W. et al. (1999) FEBS Lett. 446:292.
- Liu, M. et al. (1999) Genomics 55:296.
- Bjarnadottir, T.K. et al. (2007) Gene 387:38.
- Jin, Z. et al. (2007) Hum. Mol. Genet. 16:1972.
- Xu, L. et al. (2006) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 103:9023.
- Shashidhar, S. et al. (2005) Oncogene 24:1673.
- Ke, N. et al. (2007) Mol. Cancer Ther. 6:1840.
- Little, K.D. et al. (2004) Mol. Biol. Cell 15:2375.
Product Datasheets
Citation for Human GPR56 Biotinylated Antibody
R&D Systems personnel manually curate a database that contains references using R&D Systems products. The data collected includes not only links to publications in PubMed, but also provides information about sample types, species, and experimental conditions.
1 Citation: Showing 1 - 1
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The N Terminus of the Adhesion G Protein-coupled Receptor GPR56 Controls Receptor Signaling Activity.
Authors: Paavola KJ, Stephenson JR, Ritter SL, Alter SP, Hall RA
J. Biol. Chem., 2011-06-27;286(33):28914-21.
Species: Human
Sample Types: Cell Lysates
Applications: Western Blot
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