Human HLA Class I Alexa Fluor® 700-conjugated Antibody

Applications

Please Note: Optimal dilutions should be determined by each laboratory for each application. General Protocols are available in the Technical Information section on our website.

Preparation and Storage

Background: HLA Class I

The MHC (Major Histocompatibility Complex) is a group of at least 200 genes located on chromosome 6 in human. It contains multiple groupings, one of which is called Class I that contains three distinct, but closely related molecules. These three molecules are known as MHC Class I-A, -B, and -C which, in the human, have been renamed HLA (Human Leukocyte Antigen)-A, -B, and -C. All are 44-46 kDa type I transmembrane glycoproteins that share approximately 85% amino acid sequence identity in their extracellular domains. And all represent the alpha - component of a alpha - beta heterodimer that utilizes the 11-12 kDa transmembrane beta 2-microglobulin protein as a beta -component. These HLA heterodimers appear on all nucleated cells, and serve as a platform for the presentation of cytoplasmic components (both self and foreign) to the alpha beta -TCR of cytotoxic CD8+ T cells. Unedited or mutated "self" components should be ignored, while tumor or viral components should elicit a cytotoxic immune response. This requires the continuous internal "processing" or degradation of large proteins into 8-10 amino acid peptides that are subsequently bound to a type A, B or C heterodimer and cycled to the plasma membrane. On the cell surface, the B chain is most common while the C chain is least common. And with advancing age, both the A and B chains decline in number. Not all A, B and C chains are "engaged"; while 90% of the HLA B chains are associated with antigen, only 30-70% of A and C chains are associated with processed antigens. And identical peptides can be perceived differently. For instance, a nine amino acid peptide with O-linked (but not N-linked) glycosylation will not be recognized by a CD8+ T cell that is specific for the naked nine amino acid peptide. Finally, the A, B and C chains, if not the entire heterodimeric complex, are now known to act in-cis with LILRB2, generating an activating complex on select cell types. The mouse MHC counterpart to the human HLA system is called H-2, and the two mouse genes that correspond to human HLA-A and -B show 68% amino acid sequence identity over their entire lengths.

Product Datasheets

Product Specific Notices

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