Human IL-34 Quantikine ELISA Kit Summary
Product Summary
Precision
Cell Culture Supernates, Serum, EDTA Plasma, Heparin Plasma, Saliva, Human Milk
| Intra-Assay Precision | Inter-Assay Precision | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| Sample | 3 | 1 | 2 |
| n | 20 | 20 | 20 |
| Mean (pg/mL) | 1174 | 215 | 597 |
| Standard Deviation | 21.2 | 12.8 | 35.4 |
| CV% | 1.8 | 6 | 5.9 |
Recovery
The recovery of human IL-34 spiked to levels throughout the range of the assay in various matrices was evaluated.
| Sample Type | Average % Recovery | Range % |
|---|---|---|
| Cell Culture Supernates (n=4) | 97 | 85-104 |
| EDTA Plasma (n=4) | 97 | 90-102 |
| Heparin Plasma (n=4) | 97 | 88-105 |
| Serum (n=4) | 98 | 90-106 |
Linearity
Scientific Data
Product Datasheets
Preparation and Storage
Background: IL-34
Interleukin 34 (IL-34; also known as uncharacterized protein C16orf77) is secreted as a homodimer consisting of 39 kDa monomers. It belongs to no known cytokine family. Human IL-34 is synthesized as a 242 amino acid (aa) precursor that contains a 20 aa signal sequence and a 222 aa mature chain. The mature chain contains one potential site of N-linked glycosylation. Human IL-34 is 71% identical to mouse IL-34 on the amino acid level.
IL-34 is expressed in various tissues, including the heart, brain, liver, kidney, spleen, thymus, testes, ovary, small intestine, prostate, and colon, and is most abundant in the spleen. The receptor for IL-34 is colony-stimulating factor 1 receptor (CSF-1R). IL-34 stimulates monocyte proliferation. In functional studies, IL-34, like CSF-1, the other ligand for CSF-1R, stimulated phosphorylation of extracellular signal-regulated kinase-1 and -2 (ERK1/2) in human monocytes. In addition, IL-34 promoted the formation of the colony-forming unit-macrophage (CFU-M), a macrophage progenitor, in human bone marrow cultures.
Assay Procedure
Refer to the product- Prepare all reagents, standard dilutions, and samples as directed in the product insert.
- Remove excess microplate strips from the plate frame, return them to the foil pouch containing the desiccant pack, and reseal.
- Add 100 µL of Assay Diluent to each well.
- Add 50 µL of Standard, control, or sample to each well. Cover with a plate sealer, and incubate at room temperature for 2 hours on a horizontal orbital microplate shaker.
- Aspirate each well and wash, repeating the process 3 times for a total of 4 washes.
- Add 200 µL of Conjugate to each well. Cover with a new plate sealer, and incubate at room temperature for 2 hours on the shaker.
- Aspirate and wash 4 times.
- Add 200 µL Substrate Solution to each well. Incubate at room temperature for 30 minutes on the benchtop. PROTECT FROM LIGHT.
- Add 50 µL of Stop Solution to each well. Read at 450 nm within 30 minutes. Set wavelength correction to 540 nm or 570 nm.
Citations for Human IL-34 Quantikine ELISA Kit
R&D Systems personnel manually curate a database that contains references using R&D Systems products. The data collected includes not only links to publications in PubMed, but also provides information about sample types, species, and experimental conditions.
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Citations: Showing 1 - 4
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CSF1R signaling is a regulator of pathogenesis in progressive MS
Authors: N Hagan, JL Kane, D Grover, L Woodworth, C Madore, J Saleh, J Sancho, J Liu, Y Li, J Proto, M Zelic, A Mahan, M Kothe, AA Scholte, M Fitzgerald, B Gisevius, A Haghikia, O Butovsky, D Ofengeim
Cell Death Dis, 2020-10-23;11(10):904.
Species: Human
Sample Types: CSF
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Human Interleukin-34 facilitates microglia-like cell differentiation and persistent HIV-1 infection in humanized mice
Authors: S Mathews, A Branch Woo, I Katano, E Makarov, MB Thomas, HE Gendelman, LY Poluektova, M Ito, S Gorantla
Mol Neurodegener, 2019-03-05;14(1):12.
Species: Humanized Mouse
Sample Types: Plasma
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Prognostic Significance of Interleukin-34 (IL-34) in Patients With Chronic Heart Failure With or Without Renal Insufficiency
Authors: R Tao, Q Fan, H Zhang, H Xie, L Lu, G Gu, F Wang, R Xi, J Hu, Q Chen, W Niu, W Shen, R Zhang, X Yan
J Am Heart Assoc, 2017-04-01;6(4):.
Species: Human
Sample Types: Serum
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IL-34 is associated with the presence and severity of renal dysfunction and coronary artery disease in patients with heart failure
Sci Rep, 2016-12-16;6(0):39324.
Species: Human
Sample Types: Serum
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