Human Legumain/Asparaginyl Endopeptidase Antibody
Human Legumain/Asparaginyl Endopeptidase Antibody Summary
Ile18-Tyr433
Accession # Q99538
Applications
Please Note: Optimal dilutions should be determined by each laboratory for each application. General Protocols are available in the Technical Information section on our website.
Scientific Data
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Detection of Human Legumain/ Asparaginyl Endopeptidase by Western Blot. Western blot shows lysates of human kidney tissue, human heart tissue, and human placenta tissue. PVDF membrane was probed with 1 µg/mL of Goat Anti-Human Legumain/Asparaginyl Endopeptidase Antigen Affinity-purified Polyclonal Antibody (Catalog # AF2199) followed by HRP-conjugated Anti-Goat IgG Secondary Antibody (Catalog # HAF109). Specific bands were detected for Pro-Legumain/ Asparaginyl Endopeptidase at approximately 56 kDa and mature Legumain/Asparaginyl Endopeptidase 37 kDa (as indicated). This experiment was conducted under reducing conditions and using Immunoblot Buffer Group 1.
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Detection of Human Legumain/Asparaginyl Endopeptidase by Western Blot The expression of AEP was higher in diffuse type gastric cancer than that in intestinal type gastric cancerA. AEP expression in intestinal type gastric cancer and diffuse type gastric cancer were detected by western blot (Representation: I, intestinal type gastric cancer; D, diffuse type gastric cancer, P=0.032). B. Patients' basic characteristics. Image collected and cropped by CiteAb from the following publication (https://www.oncotarget.com/lookup/doi/10.18632/oncotarget.8879), licensed under a CC-BY license. Not internally tested by R&D Systems.
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Detection of Mouse Legumain/Asparaginyl Endopeptidase by Immunocytochemistry/Immunofluorescence Representative sections showing overall higher expression of legumain (diffuse yellowish fluorescence staining) in the untreated (A) versus the Andosan™-treated (B) intestine.Notably, legumain expression was higher in tumor tissue seen in untreated animals. Scale bars represent 200 μm. Image collected and cropped by CiteAb from the following publication (https://dx.plos.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0167754), licensed under a CC-BY license. Not internally tested by R&D Systems.
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Detection of Human Legumain/Asparaginyl Endopeptidase by Immunohistochemistry AEP and E-cadherin expression were detected both in primary gastric cancer and peritoneal metastatic lociA. The expression of AEP and E-cadherin in primary gastric cancer and metastatic peritoneal loci were firstly investigated by immunohistochemistry. AEP expression were higher and E-cadherin expression was lower in peritoneal metastatic lesions than in primary gastric cancer (magnified 50× in column 1,3; magnified 200× in column 2,4). B. The expression of AEP and E-cadherin in primary gastric cancer and metastatic peritoneal loci were investigated by immunofluorescence assay (magnified 200×). AEP, the secondary antibody of which were labeled with green fluorescence, was more strongly expressed in peritoneal metastatic lesions than in primary gastric cancer. E-cadherin, the secondary antibody of which was labeled with red fluorescence, was expressed in primary gastric cancer and could not be identified in peritoneal metastatic loci. Image collected and cropped by CiteAb from the following publication (https://www.oncotarget.com/lookup/doi/10.18632/oncotarget.8879), licensed under a CC-BY license. Not internally tested by R&D Systems.
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Detection of Mouse Legumain/Asparaginyl Endopeptidase by Western Blot AEP knockdown and overexpressive vectors were constructed and stably transfected gastric cancer cell linesA. Constructing of the AEP knocked-down lentiviral vector, it was verified by western blot that AEP was inhibited corresponding to AEP knockdown. B. Overexpressing AEP lentiviral vector was constructed and AEP indeed increased corresponding to AEP overexpression. C. The proliferative curve in response to AEP overexpression or knockdown as evidenced by the CCK8 method and quantification of proliferative rate. *P<0.05, **P<0.01. (GFP-NC: control of empty vector; AEP-OE: AEP-overexpression; NC: negatively control; AEP-KD1: AEP-knocking down 1; AEP-KD2: AEP-knocking down 2) Image collected and cropped by CiteAb from the following publication (https://www.oncotarget.com/lookup/doi/10.18632/oncotarget.8879), licensed under a CC-BY license. Not internally tested by R&D Systems.
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Detection of Human Legumain/Asparaginyl Endopeptidase by Immunocytochemistry/Immunofluorescence AEP and E-cadherin expression were detected both in primary gastric cancer and peritoneal metastatic lociA. The expression of AEP and E-cadherin in primary gastric cancer and metastatic peritoneal loci were firstly investigated by immunohistochemistry. AEP expression were higher and E-cadherin expression was lower in peritoneal metastatic lesions than in primary gastric cancer (magnified 50× in column 1,3; magnified 200× in column 2,4). B. The expression of AEP and E-cadherin in primary gastric cancer and metastatic peritoneal loci were investigated by immunofluorescence assay (magnified 200×). AEP, the secondary antibody of which were labeled with green fluorescence, was more strongly expressed in peritoneal metastatic lesions than in primary gastric cancer. E-cadherin, the secondary antibody of which was labeled with red fluorescence, was expressed in primary gastric cancer and could not be identified in peritoneal metastatic loci. Image collected and cropped by CiteAb from the following publication (https://www.oncotarget.com/lookup/doi/10.18632/oncotarget.8879), licensed under a CC-BY license. Not internally tested by R&D Systems.
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Detection of Mouse Legumain/Asparaginyl Endopeptidase by Immunocytochemistry/Immunofluorescence Representative sections showing overall higher expression of legumain (diffuse yellowish fluorescence staining) in the untreated (A) versus the Andosan™-treated (B) intestine.Notably, legumain expression was higher in tumor tissue seen in untreated animals. Scale bars represent 200 μm. Image collected and cropped by CiteAb from the following publication (https://dx.plos.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0167754), licensed under a CC-BY license. Not internally tested by R&D Systems.
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Detection of Mouse Legumain/Asparaginyl Endopeptidase by Western Blot AEP knockdown and overexpressive vectors were constructed and stably transfected gastric cancer cell linesA. Constructing of the AEP knocked-down lentiviral vector, it was verified by western blot that AEP was inhibited corresponding to AEP knockdown. B. Overexpressing AEP lentiviral vector was constructed and AEP indeed increased corresponding to AEP overexpression. C. The proliferative curve in response to AEP overexpression or knockdown as evidenced by the CCK8 method and quantification of proliferative rate. *P<0.05, **P<0.01. (GFP-NC: control of empty vector; AEP-OE: AEP-overexpression; NC: negatively control; AEP-KD1: AEP-knocking down 1; AEP-KD2: AEP-knocking down 2) Image collected and cropped by CiteAb from the following publication (https://www.oncotarget.com/lookup/doi/10.18632/oncotarget.8879), licensed under a CC-BY license. Not internally tested by R&D Systems.
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Detection of Human Legumain/Asparaginyl Endopeptidase by Western Blot Legumain, cathepsin B and L expressions in cytosolic and membrane fractions of myotubes.Myotubes were treated with (+) or without (−) 30 µM simvastatin for 48 h before subcellular fractionation was performed. One representative immunoblot of legumain, cathepsin B and L in the cytosolic and membrane fractions is shown. All lanes were loaded with equal amount of total proteins and probed with antibodies as indicated. LAMP-2 and alpha -tubulin are shown as cell compartment controls (n = 3). Image collected and cropped by CiteAb from the following publication (https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/24416446), licensed under a CC-BY license. Not internally tested by R&D Systems.
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Detection of Mouse Human Legumain/Asparaginyl Endopeptidase Antibody by Immunohistochemistry Representative sections showing overall higher expression of legumain (diffuse yellowish fluorescence staining) in the untreated (A) versus the Andosan™-treated (B) intestine.Notably, legumain expression was higher in tumor tissue seen in untreated animals. Scale bars represent 200 μm. Image collected and cropped by CiteAb from the following publication (https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28002446), licensed under a CC-BY license. Not internally tested by R&D Systems.
Reconstitution Calculator
Preparation and Storage
- 12 months from date of receipt, -20 to -70 °C as supplied.
- 1 month, 2 to 8 °C under sterile conditions after reconstitution.
- 6 months, -20 to -70 °C under sterile conditions after reconstitution.
Background: Legumain/Asparaginyl Endopeptidase
Legumain is a lysosomal cysteine protease whose activity is found in several tissues tested (1, 2). Legumain plays a pivotal role in the endosomal/lysosomal degradation system because the Legumain deficiency causes the accumulation of pro cathepsins B, H and L, another group of lysosomal cysteine proteases (3). Over-expression of Legumain in tumors is significant for invasion/metastasis (4). Also known as Asparaginyl Endopeptidase, it specifically cleaves peptide bonds with Asn at the P1 position. Nevertheless, it also cleaves peptide bonds with Asp at the P1 position. Auto-activation of pro Legumain involves both types of the cleavage, which result in the removal of the pro peptides in both C- and N-termini (5). In addition, Legumain activates pro MMP-2 and processes bacterial antigens for MHC class II presentation and pro thymosin alpha to thymosin alpha 1 and thymosin alpha 11, two acidic peptides with immunoregulatory properties (6‑8). Human Legumain is synthesized as a 433 amino acid precursor with a signal peptide (residues 1‑17). The pro enzyme (residues 18‑433) was expressed with an N-terminal His tag. This activity of Legumain can be inhibited by recombinant human (rh) Cystatin C and rhCystatin E/M and recombinant mouse Cystatin C (R&D Systems, Catalog # 1196‑PI, 1286-PI and 1238-PI, respectively).
- Chen, J.-M. et al. (1997) J. Biol. Chem. 272:8090.
- Tanaka, T. et al. (1996) Cytogenet. Cell Genet. 74:120.
- Shirahama-Noda, K. et al. (2003) J. Biol. Chem. 278:33194.
- Liu, C. et al. (2003) Cancer Res. 63: 2957.
- Li D.N. et al. (2003) J. Biol. Chem. 278:38980.
- Chen, J.M. et al. (2001) Biol. Chem. 382:777.
- Schwarz, G. et al. (2002) Biol. Chem. 383:1813.
- Sarndeses, C.S. et al. (2003) J. Biol. Chem. 278:13286.
Product Datasheets
Citations for Human Legumain/Asparaginyl Endopeptidase Antibody
R&D Systems personnel manually curate a database that contains references using R&D Systems products. The data collected includes not only links to publications in PubMed, but also provides information about sample types, species, and experimental conditions.
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Correction: Nuclear Legumain Activity in Colorectal Cancer
Authors: Mads H. Haugen, Harald T. Johansen, Solveig J. Pettersen, Rigmor Solberg, Klaudia Brix, Kjersti Flatmark et al.
PLoS ONE
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High Level of Legumain Was Correlated With Worse Prognosis and Peritoneal Metastasis in Gastric Cancer Patients
Authors: Yan Wang, Shilong Zhang, Haiwei Wang, Yuehong Cui, Zhiming Wang, Xi Cheng et al.
Frontiers in Oncology
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High TRAF6 Expression Is Associated With Esophageal Carcinoma Recurrence and Prompts Cancer Cell Invasion
Authors: Xinyang Liu, Zhichao Wang, Guoliang Zhang, Qikun Zhu, Hui Zeng, Tao Wang et al.
Oncology Research Featuring Preclinical and Clinical Cancer Therapeutics
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Role of Asparagine Endopeptidase in Mediating Wild-Type p53 Inactivation of Glioblastoma
Authors: Yingying Lin, Keman Liao, Yifeng Miao, Zhongrun Qian, Zhaoyuan Fang, Xi Yang et al.
JNCI: Journal of the National Cancer Institute
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Unraveling the transcriptional determinants of Liver Sinusoidal Endothelial Cell specialization
Authors: de Haan W, Oie CI, Benkheil M et al.
Am. J. Physiol. Gastrointest. Liver Physiol.
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Asparaginyl endopeptidase enhances pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma cell invasion in an exosome-dependent manner and correlates with poor prognosis
Authors: Qiang Yan, Wen-Bin Yuan, Xu Sun, Ming-Jie Zhang, Feng Cen, Shi-Yu Zhou et al.
International Journal of Oncology
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A TrkB cleavage fragment in hippocampus promotes Depressive-Like behavior in mice
Authors: Wang, J;Yu, H;Li, X;Li, F;Chen, H;Zhang, X;Wang, Y;Xu, R;Gao, F;Wang, J;Liu, P;Shi, Y;Qin, D;Li, Y;Liu, S;Ding, S;Gao, XY;Wang, ZH;
Brain, behavior, and immunity
Species: Mouse, Transgenic Mouse
Sample Types: Tissue Homogenates, Whole Tissue
Applications: Immunohistochemistry, Western Blot -
An infection-induced oxidation site regulates legumain processing and tumor growth
Authors: Y Kovalyova, DW Bak, EM Gordon, C Fung, JHB Shuman, TL Cover, MR Amieva, E Weerapana, SK Hatzios
Nature Chemical Biology, 2022-03-24;0(0):.
Species: Gerbil
Sample Types: Whole Tissue
Applications: IHC -
Identification of the Cysteine Protease Legumain as a Potential Chronic Hypoxia-Specific Multiple Myeloma Target Gene
Authors: AS Clees, V Stolp, B Häupl, DC Fuhrmann, F Wempe, M Seibert, S Weber, A Banning, R Tikkanen, R Williams, B Brüne, H Serve, F Schnütgen, I von Metzle, N Kurrle
Cells, 2022-01-15;11(2):.
Species: Human
Sample Types: Cell Lysates, Whole Cells
Applications: ICC, Western Blot -
Neuronal ApoE4 stimulates C/EBPbeta activation, promoting Alzheimer's disease pathology in a mouse model
Authors: ZH Wang, Y Xia, Z Wu, SS Kang, JC Zhang, P Liu, X Liu, W Song, V Huin, CM Dhaenens, SP Yu, XC Wang, K Ye
Progress in neurobiology, 2021-12-24;209(0):102212.
Species: Human
Sample Types: Cell Lysates, Whole Tissue
Applications: ChIP, IHC -
Asparaginyl endopeptidase (AEP) regulates myocardial apoptosis in response to radiation exposure via alterations in NRF2 activation
Authors: L Cao, C Xu, P Yi, H Li, Y Lin, G Cai, S Wang, D Ou, M Li, J Chen
American journal of cancer research, 2021-04-15;11(4):1206-1225.
Species: Human
Sample Types: Cell Lysates
Applications: Western Blot -
ApoE4 activates C/EBP&beta/&delta-secretase with 27-hydroxycholesterol, driving the pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease
Authors: ZH Wang, Y Xia, P Liu, X Liu, L Edgington-, K Lei, SP Yu, XC Wang, K Ye
Progress in neurobiology, 2021-03-11;0(0):102032.
Species: Human
Sample Types: Cell Lysates, Whole Cells, Whole Tissue
Applications: ICC, IHC, Western Blot -
N368-Tau fragments generated by legumain are detected only in trace amount in the insoluble Tau aggregates isolated from AD brain
Authors: K Schlegel, K Awwad, RG Heym, D Holzinger, A Doell, S Barghorn, TR Jahn, C Klein, Y Mordashova, M Schulz, L Gasparini
Acta Neuropathol Commun, 2019-11-13;7(1):177.
Species: Human, Mouse
Sample Types: Tissue Homogenates
Applications: Western Blot -
Deficiency in BDNF/TrkB Neurotrophic Activity Stimulates δ-Secretase by Upregulating C/EBP? in Alzheimer's Disease
Authors: ZH Wang, J Xiang, X Liu, SP Yu, FP Manfredsso, IM Sandoval, S Wu, JZ Wang, K Ye
Cell Rep, 2019-07-16;28(3):655-669.e5.
Species: Human
Sample Types: Tissue Homogenates
Applications: Western Blot -
USP17 Suppresses Tumorigenesis and Tumor Growth through Deubiquitinating AEP
Authors: X Chen, C Wang, K Liao, S Zhou, L Cao, J Chen, C Xu, Y Lin
Int. J. Biol. Sci., 2019-01-29;15(4):738-748.
Species: Human
Sample Types: Cell Lysates
Applications: Immunoprecipitation, Western Blot -
Overexpression of asparaginyl endopeptidase is significant for esophageal carcinoma metastasis and predicts poor patient prognosis
Authors: X Liu, Z Wang, G Zhang, Q Zhu, H Zeng, T Wang, F Gao, Z Qi, J Zhang, R Wang
Oncol Lett, 2017-11-16;15(1):1229-1235.
Species: Human
Sample Types: Cell Lysates, Whole Tissue
Applications: IHC, Western Blot -
Glycosylation is important for legumain localization and processing to active forms but not for cystatin E/M inhibitory functions
Authors: NN Lunde, MH Haugen, KB Bodin Lars, I Damgaard, SJ Pettersen, R Kasem, W Rut, M Drag, M Poreba, HT Johansen, R Solberg
Biochimie, 2017-05-17;0(0):.
Species: Human
Sample Types: Cell Lysates, Whole Cells
Applications: ICC, Western Blot -
Suppression of asparaginyl endopeptidase attenuates breast cancer-induced bone pain through inhibition of neurotrophin receptors
Authors: P Yao, Y Ding, Z Han, Y Mu, T Hong, Y Zhu, H Li
Mol Pain, 2017-01-01;13(0):1.74481E+15.
Species: Human
Sample Types: Cell Lysates
Applications: Western Blot -
The Agaricus blazei-Based Mushroom Extract, Andosan�, Protects against Intestinal Tumorigenesis in the A/J Min/+ Mouse
PLoS ONE, 2016-12-21;11(12):e0167754.
Species: Mouse
Sample Types: Whole Tissue
Applications: IHC-P -
The asparaginyl endopeptidase legumain is essential for functional recovery after spinal cord injury in adult zebrafish.
Authors: Ma, Liping, Shen, Yan-Qin, Khatri, Harsh P, Schachner, Melitta
PLoS ONE, 2014-04-18;9(4):e95098.
Species: Zebrafish
Sample Types: Whole Tissue
Applications: IHC-Fr -
Simvastatin inhibits glucose metabolism and legumain activity in human myotubes.
Authors: Smith R, Solberg R, Jacobsen L, Voreland A, Rustan A, Thoresen G, Johansen H
PLoS ONE, 2014-01-08;9(1):e85721.
Species: Human
Sample Types: Cell Lysates, Whole Cells
Applications: ICC, Western Blot -
Differential secretome analysis reveals CST6 as a suppressor of breast cancer bone metastasis.
Cell Res., 2012-06-12;22(9):1356-73.
Species: Human
Sample Types: Cell Lysates
Applications: Western Blot -
Cystatin E/M suppresses legumain activity and invasion of human melanoma.
Authors: Briggs JJ, Haugen MH, Johansen HT, Riker AI, Abrahamson M, Fodstad O, Maelandsmo GM, Solberg R
BMC Cancer, 2010-01-15;10(1):17.
Species: Human
Sample Types: Cell Lysates
Applications: Western Blot -
Expression of the cysteine protease legumain in vascular lesions and functional implications in atherogenesis.
Authors: Clerin V, Shih HH, Deng N, Hebert G, Resmini C, Shields KM, Feldman JL, Winkler A, Albert L, Maganti V, Wong A, Paulsen JE, Keith JC, Vlasuk GP, Pittman DD
Atherosclerosis, 2008-02-21;0(0):.
Species: Human
Sample Types: Cell Lysates, Whole Tissue
Applications: IHC-P, Western Blot -
Asparaginyl endopeptidase improves the resistance of microtubule-targeting drugs in gastric cancer through IQGAP1 modulating the EGFR/JNK/ERK signaling pathway
Authors: Y Cui, Q Li, H Li, Y Wang, H Wang, W Chen, S Zhang, J Cao, T Liu
Onco Targets Ther, 2017-02-03;10(0):627-643.
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Mammalian legumain – A lysosomal cysteine protease with extracellular functions?
Authors: Ngoc Nguyen Lunde, Tatjana Bosnjak, Rigmor Solberg, Harald Thidemann Johansen
Biochimie
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Asparaginyl endopeptidase contributes to cetuximab resistance via MEK/ERK signaling in RAS wide-type metastatic colorectal cancer
Authors: Xiaojing Xu, Mengling Liu, Ke Peng, Yiyi Yu, Tianshu Liu
Clinical and Translational Oncology
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Nuclear Legumain Activity in Colorectal Cancer
Authors: Mads H. Haugen, Harald T. Johansen, Solveig J. Pettersen, Rigmor Solberg, Klaudia Brix, Kjersti Flatmark et al.
PLoS ONE
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