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Human TLR3 Antibody

Catalog #: AF1487
10 Citations Datasheet / COA / SDS
Catalog # Availability Size / Price Qty
AF1487
AF1487-SP
Detection of Human TLR3 by Western Blot
2 Images
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Citations (10)
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Human TLR3 Antibody Summary

Species Reactivity
Human
Specificity
Detects human TLR3 in direct ELISAs and Western blots.
Source
Polyclonal Goat IgG
Purification
Antigen Affinity-purified
Immunogen
Mouse myeloma cell line NS0-derived recombinant human TLR3
Lys27-Ser711
Accession # O15455
Formulation
Lyophilized from a 0.2 μm filtered solution in PBS with Trehalose. *Small pack size (SP) is supplied either lyophilized or as a 0.2 µm filtered solution in PBS.
Label
Unconjugated

Applications

Recommended Concentration
Sample
Western Blot
0.1 µg/mL
Recombinant Human TLR3 (Catalog # 1487-TR)

Please Note: Optimal dilutions should be determined by each laboratory for each application. General Protocols are available in the Technical Information section on our website.

Scientific Data

Western Blot Detection of Human TLR3 by Western Blot View Larger

Detection of Human TLR3 by Western Blot Poly(I:C) activates the TLR3/TRIF signaling.(A) HLECs were stimulated with Poly(I:C) at 0.1, 1 and 10 μg/mL for 3, 6, 12 and 24 h. Whole cell lysates were analyzed for TLR3, TRIF, phosphorylated-IRF3, total IRF3, I kappa B alpha, phosphorylated-NF-kappa B, NF-kappa B, RIG-I, MDA5, and beta -tubulin (as a loading control) by Western blot. Arrowheads indicate TLR3 (116 kDa, lower band) and TRIF (76 kDa, top band). #, indicates a nonspecific band. Immunoblots are representative of three separate experiments that all showed similar results. (B) Poly(I:C) induces nuclear translocation of NF-kappa B. HLEC were stimulated with medium (NT) or 5 μg/mL Poly(I:C) for 24 h. Immunofluorescence staining was performed using antibodies against NF-kappa B (red) and nuclei were counterstained with Hoechst 33342 (blue). Images are representative of three separate experiments (400x total magnification). Image collected and cropped by CiteAb from the following open publication (https://dx.plos.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0160875), licensed under a CC-BY license. Not internally tested by R&D Systems.

Western Blot Detection of Human TLR3 by Western Blot View Larger

Detection of Human TLR3 by Western Blot Poly(I:C) activates the TLR3/TRIF signaling.(A) HLECs were stimulated with Poly(I:C) at 0.1, 1 and 10 μg/mL for 3, 6, 12 and 24 h. Whole cell lysates were analyzed for TLR3, TRIF, phosphorylated-IRF3, total IRF3, I kappa B alpha, phosphorylated-NF-kappa B, NF-kappa B, RIG-I, MDA5, and beta -tubulin (as a loading control) by Western blot. Arrowheads indicate TLR3 (116 kDa, lower band) and TRIF (76 kDa, top band). #, indicates a nonspecific band. Immunoblots are representative of three separate experiments that all showed similar results. (B) Poly(I:C) induces nuclear translocation of NF-kappa B. HLEC were stimulated with medium (NT) or 5 μg/mL Poly(I:C) for 24 h. Immunofluorescence staining was performed using antibodies against NF-kappa B (red) and nuclei were counterstained with Hoechst 33342 (blue). Images are representative of three separate experiments (400x total magnification). Image collected and cropped by CiteAb from the following open publication (https://dx.plos.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0160875), licensed under a CC-BY license. Not internally tested by R&D Systems.

Reconstitution Calculator

Reconstitution Calculator

The reconstitution calculator allows you to quickly calculate the volume of a reagent to reconstitute your vial. Simply enter the mass of reagent and the target concentration and the calculator will determine the rest.

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Preparation and Storage

Reconstitution
Reconstitute at 0.2 mg/mL in sterile PBS.
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Shipping
Lyophilized product is shipped at ambient temperature. Liquid small pack size (-SP) is shipped with polar packs. Upon receipt, store immediately at the temperature recommended below.
Stability & Storage
Use a manual defrost freezer and avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
  • 12 months from date of receipt, -20 to -70 °C as supplied.
  • 1 month, 2 to 8 °C under sterile conditions after reconstitution.
  • 6 months, -20 to -70 °C under sterile conditions after reconstitution.

Background: TLR3

Human TLR3 is a 116 kDa type I transmembrane glycoprotein that belongs to the mammalian Toll-Like Receptor family of pathogen pattern recognition molecules (1, 2). There are at least eleven mouse and ten human members that activate the innate immune system following exposure to a variety of microbial species (3). The human TLR3 cDNA encodes a 904 amino acid (aa) precursor that contains a 23 aa signal sequence, a 681 aa extracellular domain (ECD), a 21 aa transmembrane segment, and a 179 aa cytoplasmic region (4). The horseshoe shaped ECD (5, 6) contains 23 leucine rich repeats, and the cytoplasmic domain contains one Toll/IL-1 receptor (TIR) domain. The ECD of human TLR3 shares 80%, 79%, and 77% aa sequence identity with the ECD of rat, mouse, and bovine TLR3, respectively. TLR3 is found in phagosomes (7), where the acidic pH enables binding of internalized double stranded RNA and mRNA from viruses, parasites, and necrotic virally-infected cells (8 - 11). Ligand binding by TLR3 induces receptor dimerization (5, 6, 8) leading to the release of inflammatory cytokines and dendritic cell maturation (9, 11 - 13). TLR3 is expressed in dendritic cells, macrophages, microglia, and astrocytes (13 - 15) and is upregulated by IFN-beta and LPS (9, 14). TLR3 expression is also induced by lung fibroblasts and epithelial cells by respiratory syncytial virus infection (12).

References
  1. Sen, G.C. and S.N. Sarkar (2005) Cytokine Growth Factor Rev. 16:1.
  2. Schroder, M. and A.G. Bowie (2005) Trends Immunol. 26:462.
  3. Hopkins, P.A. and S. Sriskandan (2005) Clin. Exp. Immunol. 140:395.
  4. Rock, F.L. et al. (1998) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. 95:588.
  5. Choe, J. et al. (2005) Science 309:581.
  6. Bell, J.K. et al. (2005) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. 102:10976.
  7. Nishiya, T. et al. (2002) J. Biol. Chem. 280:37107.
  8. de Bouteiller, O. et al. (2005) J. Biol. Chem. 280:38133.
  9. Alexopoulou, L. et al. (2001) Nature 413:732.
  10. Aksoy, E. et al. (2005) J. Biol. Chem. 280:277.
  11. Kariko, K. et al. (2004) J. Biol. Chem. 279:12542.
  12. Rudd, B.D. et al. (2005) J. Virol. 79:3350.
  13. Farina, C. et al. (2005) J. Neuroimmunol. 159:12.
  14. Heinz, S. et al. (2003) J. Biol. Chem. 278:21502.
  15. Wang, T. et al. (2004) Nat. Med. 10:1366.
Long Name
Toll-like Receptor 3
Entrez Gene IDs
7098 (Human); 142980 (Mouse); 364594 (Rat)
Alternate Names
CD283 antigen; CD283; TLR3; toll-like receptor 3

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Citations for Human TLR3 Antibody

R&D Systems personnel manually curate a database that contains references using R&D Systems products. The data collected includes not only links to publications in PubMed, but also provides information about sample types, species, and experimental conditions.

10 Citations: Showing 1 - 10
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  1. CHK1 and RAD51 activation after DNA damage is regulated via urokinase receptor/TLR4 signaling
    Authors: Pavan B Narayanaswamy, Sergey Tkachuk, Hermann Haller, Inna Dumler, Yulia Kiyan
    Cell Death & Disease
  2. Increased expression of toll-like receptor 3, an anti-viral signaling molecule, and related genes in Alzheimer's disease brains.
    Authors: Walker D, Tang T, Lue L
    Exp Neurol, 2018-08-01;309(0):91-106.
    Species: Human
    Sample Types: Tissue Homogenates
    Applications: Western Blot
  3. Surface Toll-Like Receptor 3 Expression in Metastatic Intestinal Epithelial Cells induces Inflammatory Cytokine Production and Promotes Invasiveness
    Authors: M Bugge, B Bergstrom, OK Eide, H Solli, IF Kjønstad, J Stenvik, T Espevik, NJ Nilsen
    J. Biol. Chem., 2017-07-17;0(0):.
    Species: Human
    Sample Types: Whole Cells
    Applications: Neutralization
  4. Poly(I:C) Induces Human Lung Endothelial Barrier Dysfunction by Disrupting Tight Junction Expression of Claudin-5
    PLoS ONE, 2016-08-09;11(8):e0160875.
    Species: Human
    Sample Types: Cell Lysates
    Applications: Western Blot
  5. Proteolytic processing regulates Toll-like receptor 3 stability and endosomal localization.
    Authors: Qi, Rongsu, Singh, Divyendu, Kao, C Cheng
    J Biol Chem, 2012-08-03;287(39):32617-29.
    Species: Human
    Sample Types: Cell Lysates, Whole Cells
    Applications: ICC, Immunoprecipitation, Western Blot
  6. LL37 and cationic peptides enhance TLR3 signaling by viral double-stranded RNAs.
    Authors: Lai Y, Adhikarakunnathu S, Bhardwaj K
    PLoS ONE, 2011-10-21;6(10):e26632.
    Species: Human
    Sample Types: Whole Cells
    Applications: ICC
  7. Viral double-strand RNA-binding proteins can enhance innate immune signaling by toll-like Receptor 3.
    Authors: Lai Y, Yi G, Chen A
    PLoS ONE, 2011-10-10;6(10):e25837.
    Species: Human
    Sample Types: Whole Cells
    Applications: ICC
  8. Herpes simplex virus encephalitis in a patient with complete TLR3 deficiency: TLR3 is otherwise redundant in protective immunity.
    Authors: Guo Y, Audry M, Ciancanelli M, Alsina L, Azevedo J, Herman M, Anguiano E, Sancho-Shimizu V, Lorenzo L, Pauwels E, Philippe PB, Perez de Diego R, Cardon A, Vogt G, Picard C, Andrianirina ZZ, Rozenberg F, Lebon P, Plancoulaine S, Tardieu M, Valérie Doireau E, Jouanguy D, Chaussabel F, Geissmann L, Abel JL, Casanova SY, Zhang
    J. Exp. Med., 2011-09-12;208(10):2083-98.
    Species: Human
    Sample Types: Cell Lysates
    Applications: Immunoprecipitation, Western Blot
  9. Oxidative stress enhances toll-like receptor 3 response to double-stranded RNA in airway epithelial cells.
    Authors: Koarai A, Sugiura H, Yanagisawa S
    Am. J. Respir. Cell Mol. Biol., 2009-07-13;42(6):651-60.
    Species: Human
    Sample Types: Cell Lysates, Whole Cells
    Applications: ICC, Western Blot
  10. Activation of Toll-like receptor 3 augments myofibroblast differentiation.
    Authors: Sugiura H, Ichikawa T, Koarai A, Yanagisawa S, Minakata Y, Matsunaga K, Hirano T, Akamatsu K, Ichinose M
    Am. J. Respir. Cell Mol. Biol., 2008-11-06;40(6):654-62.
    Species: Human
    Sample Types: Cell Lysates, Whole Cells
    Applications: ICC, Western Blot

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