Mouse CCL4/MIP-1 beta Antibody

Catalog #: AB-451-NA
1 Citation Datasheet / COA / SDS

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AB-451-NA

Chemotaxis Induced by CCL4/MIP‑1 beta and Neutralization by Mouse CCL4/MIP‑1 beta Antibody.

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Mouse CCL4/MIP-1 beta Antibody Summary

Species Reactivity

Mouse

Specificity

Detects CCL4/MIP‑1 beta in direct ELISAs and Western blots. In direct ELISAs and Western blots, less than 2% cross‑reactivity with recombinant mouse (rm) MIP-1 alpha, recombinant human (rh) MIP-1 alpha and rhMIP-1 beta is observed. This antibody will not neutralize the biological activity of rmMIP-1 alpha, rhMIP-1 alpha or rhMIP-1 beta.

Source

Polyclonal Goat IgG

Purification

Protein A or G purified

Immunogen

E. coli-derived recombinant mouse CCL4/MIP-1 beta
Ala24-Asn92
Accession # Q5QNV9

Formulation

Lyophilized from a 0.2 μm filtered solution in PBS with Trehalose.

Endotoxin Level

<0.10 EU per 1 μg of the antibody by the LAL method.

Applications

Recommended Concentration

Sample

Western Blot

1 µg/mL

Recombinant Mouse CCL4/MIP‑1 beta (Catalog # 451-MB)

Neutralization

Measured by its ability to neutralize CCL4/MIP‑1 beta -induced chemotaxis in the BaF3 mouse pro‑B cell line transfected with human CCR5. The Neutralization Dose (ND₅₀) is typically 4-12 µg/mL in the presence of 25 ng/mL Recombinant Mouse CCL4/MIP‑1 beta.

Please Note: Optimal dilutions should be determined by each laboratory for each application. General Protocols are available in the Technical Information section on our website.

Scientific Data

Neutralization

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Chemotaxis Induced by CCL4/MIP‑1 beta and Neutralization by Mouse CCL4/MIP‑1 beta Antibody. Recombinant Mouse CCL4/MIP-1 beta (Catalog # 451-MB) chemoattracts the BaF3 mouse pro-B cell line transfected with human CCR5 in a dose-dependent manner (orange line). The amount of cells that migrated through to the lower chemotaxis chamber was measured by Resazurin (Catalog # AR002). Chemotaxis elicited by Recombinant Mouse CCL4/MIP-1 beta (25 ng/mL) is neutralized (green line) by increasing concentrations of Mouse CCL4/MIP-1 beta Polyclonal Antibody (Catalog # AB-451-NA). The ND₅₀ is typically 4-12 µg/mL.

Reconstitution Calculator

Preparation and Storage

Reconstitution

Reconstitute at 1 mg/mL in sterile PBS.

Shipping

The product is shipped at ambient temperature. Upon receipt, store it immediately at the temperature recommended below.

Stability & Storage

Use a manual defrost freezer and avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles.

12 months from date of receipt, -20 to -70 °C as supplied.
1 month, 2 to 8 °C under sterile conditions after reconstitution.
6 months, -20 to -70 °C under sterile conditions after reconstitution.

Background: CCL4/MIP-1 beta

CCL4, also known as macrophage inflammatory protein 1 beta (MIP-1 beta ), is a 12 kDa beta chemokine that is secreted at sites of inflammation by activated leukocytes, lymphocytes, vascular endothelial cells, and pulmonary smooth muscle cells (1, 2). CCL4 attracts a variety of immune cells to sites of microbial infection as well as to other pathologic inflammation such as allergic asthma and ischemic myocardium (3‑8). A CCL4 deficiency in mice promotes the development of autoantibodies, possibly as a result of compromised regulatory T cell recruitment (6). CCL4 is secreted from activated monocytes as a heterodimer with CCL3/MIP-1 alpha (9). The first two N-terminal amino acids can be cleaved from human CCL4 by CD26/DPPIV (10, 11). Both the full length and truncated forms exert biological activity through CCR5, and the truncated form additionally interacts with CCR1 and CCR2 (10). In humans, the ability of CCL4 to bind CCR5 inhibits the cellular entry of M-tropic HIV-1 which utilizes CCR5 as a coreceptor (2). Both forms of CCL4 block HIV-1 infection of T cells by inducing the down‑regulation of CCR5 (10). Mature mouse CCL4 shares 77% and 86% aa sequence identity with human and rat CCL4, respectively.

References

Rot, A. and U.H. von Andrian (2004) Annu. Rev. Immunol. 22:891.
Menten, P. et al. (2002) Cytokine Growth Factor Rev. 13:455.
Sun, X. et al. (2006) Infec. Immun. 74:5943.
Bisset, L.R. and Schmid-Grendelmeier, P. (2005) Curr. Opin. Pulm. Med. 11:35.
Frangogiannis, N.G. (2004) Inflamm. Res. 53:585.
Bystry, R.S. et al. (2001) Nat. Immunol. 2:1126.
Oliveira, S.H.P. et al. (2002) J. Leukoc. Biol. 71:1019.
Schall, T.J. et al. (1993) J. Exp. Med. 177:1821.
Guan, E. et al. (2001) J. Biol. Chem. 276:12404.
Guan, E. et al. (2002) J. Biol. Chem. 277:32348.
Guan, E. et al. (2004) J. Cell. Biochem. 92:53.

Entrez Gene IDs

6351 (Human); 20303 (Mouse); 116637 (Rat); 448786 (Canine); 102117861 (Cynomolgus Monkey)

Alternate Names

ACT2; ACT-2; AT744.1; C-C motif chemokine 4; CCL4; chemokine (C-C motif) ligand 4; Exodus-3; G-26 T-lymphocyte-secreted protein; G-26; HC21; LAG1; LAG-1; Lymphocyte activation gene 1 protein; Macrophage inflammatory protein 1-beta; MIP1 beta; MIP-1 beta; MIP1B; MIP1B1; MIP-1-beta; MIP-1-beta(1-69); PAT 744; Protein H400; SCYA2; SCYA4; secreted protein G-26; SIS-gamma; small inducible cytokine A4 (homologous to mouse Mip-1b); Small-inducible cytokine A4; T-cell activation protein 2

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Citation for Mouse CCL4/MIP-1 beta Antibody

R&D Systems personnel manually curate a database that contains references using R&D Systems products. The data collected includes not only links to publications in PubMed, but also provides information about sample types, species, and experimental conditions.

1 Citation: Showing 1 - 1

Protection against inflammation- and autoantibody-caused fetal loss by the chemokine decoy receptor D6.
Authors: Martinez de la Torre Y, Buracchi C, Borroni EM, Dupor J, Bonecchi R, Nebuloni M, Pasqualini F, Doni A, Lauri E, Agostinis C, Bulla R, Cook DN, Haribabu B, Meroni P, Rukavina D, Vago L, Tedesco F, Vecchi A, Lira SA, Locati M, Mantovani A
Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A., 2007-02-05;104(7):2319-24.
Species: Mouse
Sample Types: In Vivo
Applications: Neutralization