Porcine IL-18/IL-1F4 Antibody

Catalog #: AF588
1 Citation Datasheet / COA / SDS

Catalog #	Availability	Size / Price	Qty
AF588
AF588-SP

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Summary Data Examples Preparation and Storage Reconstitution Calculator Background Product Datasheets Related Research Areas

Porcine IL-18/IL-1F4 Antibody Summary

Species Reactivity

Porcine

Specificity

Detects porcine IL‑18/IL‑1F4 in direct ELISAs and Western blots. In direct ELISAs, approximately 30% cross‑reactivity with recombinant human IL-18 is observed and 10% cross-reactivity with recombinant rat IL‑18 and recombinant mouse IL‑18 is observed.

Source

Polyclonal Goat IgG

Purification

Antigen Affinity-purified

Immunogen

E. coli-derived recombinant porcine IL‑18/IL‑1F4

Formulation

Lyophilized from a 0.2 μm filtered solution in PBS with Trehalose. *Small pack size (SP) is supplied either lyophilized or as a 0.2 µm filtered solution in PBS.

Label

Unconjugated

Applications

Recommended Concentration

Sample

Western Blot

0.1 µg/mL

Recombinant Porcine IL‑18/IL‑1F4 (Catalog # 588-PL)

Immunocytochemistry

5-15 µg/mL

See below

Please Note: Optimal dilutions should be determined by each laboratory for each application. General Protocols are available in the Technical Information section on our website.

Scientific Data

Immunocytochemistry

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IL‑18/IL‑1F4 in Porcine PBMCs. IL-18/IL-1F4 was detected in immersion fixed porcine peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) using Goat Anti-Porcine IL-18/IL-1F4 Antigen Affinity-purified Polyclonal Antibody (Catalog # AF588) at 15 µg/mL for 3 hours at room temperature. Cells were stained using the NorthernLights™ 557-conjugated Anti-Goat IgG Secondary Antibody (red; Catalog # NL001) and counterstained with DAPI (blue). Specific staining was localized to cytoplasm. View our protocol for Fluorescent ICC Staining of Non-adherent Cells.

Reconstitution Calculator

Preparation and Storage

Reconstitution

Reconstitute at 0.2 mg/mL in sterile PBS.

Shipping

Lyophilized product is shipped at ambient temperature. Liquid small pack size (-SP) is shipped with polar packs. Upon receipt, store immediately at the temperature recommended below.

Stability & Storage

Use a manual defrost freezer and avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles.

12 months from date of receipt, -20 to -70 °C as supplied.
1 month, 2 to 8 °C under sterile conditions after reconstitution.
6 months, -20 to -70 °C under sterile conditions after reconstitution.

Background: IL-18/IL-1F4

Interleukin-18 (IL-18), also known as IL-1F4 and IFN-gamma inducing factor (IGIF), is a member of the IL-1 family of cytokines and is a key molecule in the innate immune response (1). Porcine IL-18 is synthesized as a 24 kDa proprotein that contains a 35 amino acid (aa) propeptide and a 157 aa mature region (2). Under inflammatory conditions, the propeptide is cleaved by Caspase-1 in the cytoplasm to liberate the mature nonglycosylated 18 kDa monomeric IL-18 (3, 4). Mature porcine IL-18 shares 88% aa sequence identity with canine and feline IL-18 and 61%‑76% with human, mouse, rat, and rhesus IL-18. IL-18 is secreted by a variety of cell types including macrophages, dendritic cells, and epithelial cells (1, 5). Circulating mature IL-18 is sequestered by soluble IL-18 binding proteins (IL-18 BP) that inhibit IL-18 bioactivity (6). IL-18 interacts with the widely expressed IL-18 R alpha which then recruits the signaling subunit IL-18 R beta (7, 8). The IL-1 family member IL-1F7 also binds to IL-18 R alpha but does not recruit IL-18 R beta or induce signaling (9). IL-1F7 binds IL-18 BP and enhances its neutralizing effect on IL-18 activity (9). IL-18 synergizes with other cytokines to activate NK, Th1, and Th17 cells and to increase the production of IFN-gamma (1, 5, 10, 11, 12). IL-18 can also promote Th2 cytokine release which reduces the effectiveness of antiviral responses (13, 14). Increased levels of active IL‑18 contribute to the severity of autoimmunity and hypertension, while deficiency of IL-18 results in symptoms of metabolic syndrome (1, 5, 15, 16). In cancer, IL-18 stimulates Th1 and NK cells to target tumor cells, but it can also promote angiogenesis, metastasis, and tumor cell immune evasion (11).

References

Arend, W.P. et al. (2008) Immunol. Rev. 223:20.
Muneta, Y. et al. (2000) Cytokine 12:566.
Ghayur, T. et al. (1997) Nature 386:619.
Gu, Y. et al. (1997) Science 275:206.
Boraschi, D. and C.A. Dinarello (2006) Eur. Cytokine Netw. 17:224.
Novick, D. et al. (1999) Immunity 10:127.
Torigoe, K. et al. (1997) J. Biol. Chem. 272:25737.
Born, T.L. et al. (1998) J. Biol. Chem. 273:29445.
Bufler, P. et al. (2002) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. 99:13723.
Takeda, K. et al. (1998) Immunity 8:383.
Park, S. et al. (2007) Cell. Mol. Immunol. 4:329.
Yoshimoto, T. et al. (1998) J. Immunol. 161:3400.
Hoshino, T. et al. (2001) J. Immunol. 166:7014.
Iannello, A. et al. (2009) AIDS Rev. 11:115.
Rabkin, S.W. (2009) Nat. Clin. Pract. Cardiovasc. Med. 6:192.
Netea, M.G. et al. (2006) Nat. Med. 12:650.

Long Name

Interleukin 18

Entrez Gene IDs

3606 (Human); 16173 (Mouse); 29197 (Rat); 397057 (Porcine); 574151 (Primate)

Alternate Names

Iboctadekin; IFN-gamma-inducing factor; IGIF; IGIFIL-1 gamma; IL18; IL-18; IL-18MGC12320; IL-1F4; IL1F4iboctadekin; IL-1g; Interferon gamma-inducing factor; interleukin 18 (interferon-gamma-inducing factor); Interleukin-1 gamma; interleukin-18

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Citation for Porcine IL-18/IL-1F4 Antibody

R&D Systems personnel manually curate a database that contains references using R&D Systems products. The data collected includes not only links to publications in PubMed, but also provides information about sample types, species, and experimental conditions.

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