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Recombinant Human Activin AC Heterodimer Protein

Catalog #: 4879-AC
3 Citations 1 Review Datasheet / COA / SDS

Carrier Free

Catalog # Availability Size / Price Qty
4879-AC-010/CF

With Carrier

Catalog # Availability Size / Price Qty
4879-AC-010
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Product Details
Citations (3)
FAQs
Supplemental Products
Reviews (1)
Summary Product Datasheets Carrier Free Data Images Reconstitution Calculator Background Related Research Areas

Recombinant Human Activin AC Heterodimer Protein Summary

Product Specifications

Purity
>95%, by SDS-PAGE under reducing conditions and visualized by silver stain
Endotoxin Level
<0.01 EU per 1 μg of the protein by the LAL method.
Activity
Measured by its binding ability in a functional ELISA. In a 100 µL reaction mixture containing rhActivin AC at 2 nM and rhActivin RIIB/Fc Chimera dilutions at 0.02-41 nM, the concentration of rhActivin RIIB/Fc Chimera (Catalog # 339-RBB) that produces 50% of the optimal binding response is found to be approximately 0.8-4 nM.
Source
Chinese Hamster Ovary cell line, CHO-derived human Activin AC protein
Human Activin beta A
(Gly311 - Ser426)
Accession # NP_002183
Human Activin beta C
(Gly237 - Ser352)
Accession # NP_005529
N-terminus C-terminus
Accession #
NP_002183 ( beta A) & NP_005529 ( beta C)
N-terminal Sequence
Analysis
Gly311 ( beta A subunit) & Gly237 ( beta C subunit)
Structure / Form
Disulfide-linked heterodimer
Predicted Molecular Mass
12.9 kDa ( beta A subunit), 12.5 kDa ( beta C subunit)
SDS-PAGE
23 kDa, reducing conditions

Product Datasheets

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4879-AC (with carrier)

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COA
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4879-AC/CF (carrier free)

Product Datasheet
COA
SDS

Carrier Free

What does CF mean?

CF stands for Carrier Free (CF). We typically add Bovine Serum Albumin (BSA) as a carrier protein to our recombinant proteins. Adding a carrier protein enhances protein stability, increases shelf-life, and allows the recombinant protein to be stored at a more dilute concentration. The carrier free version does not contain BSA.

What formulation is right for me?

In general, we advise purchasing the recombinant protein with BSA for use in cell or tissue culture, or as an ELISA standard. In contrast, the carrier free protein is recommended for applications, in which the presence of BSA could interfere.

4879-AC

Formulation Lyophilized from a 0.2 μm filtered solution in HCl with BSA as a carrier protein.
Reconstitution Reconstitute at 100 μg/mL in sterile 4 mM HCl containing at least 0.1% human or bovine serum albumin.
Shipping The product is shipped at ambient temperature. Upon receipt, store it immediately at the temperature recommended below.
Stability & Storage: Use a manual defrost freezer and avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
  • 12 months from date of receipt, -20 to -70 °C as supplied.
  • 1 month, 2 to 8 °C under sterile conditions after reconstitution.
  • 3 months, -20 to -70 °C under sterile conditions after reconstitution.

4879-AC/CF

Formulation Lyophilized from a 0.2 μm filtered solution in HCl.
Reconstitution Reconstitute at 100 μg/mL in sterile 4 mM HCI.
Shipping The product is shipped at ambient temperature. Upon receipt, store it immediately at the temperature recommended below.
Stability & Storage: Use a manual defrost freezer and avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
  • 12 months from date of receipt, -20 to -70 °C as supplied.
  • 1 month, 2 to 8 °C under sterile conditions after reconstitution.
  • 3 months, -20 to -70 °C under sterile conditions after reconstitution.
Reconstitution Calculator

Reconstitution Calculator

The reconstitution calculator allows you to quickly calculate the volume of a reagent to reconstitute your vial. Simply enter the mass of reagent and the target concentration and the calculator will determine the rest.

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Background: Activin AC

Activins and inhibins are TGF-beta superfamily proteins that regulate a wide range of processes including mesoderm induction, reproductive system development and function, liver growth and regeneration, wound healing, and inflammation. Activins and inhibins share a variety of beta  subunits, while inhibins also possess a unique alpha subunit. There are four human inhibin beta subunits ( beta A, beta B, beta C, and beta E) and a single inhibin alpha subunit, each of which adopts a cysteine-knot structure (1 - 5). Activin AC is a 23 kDa heterodimer of beta A and beta C subunits (6). Human  beta A consists of a 20 amino acid (aa) signal sequence, a 290 aa propeptide, and a 116 aa mature segment, while beta C consists of an 18 aa signal sequence, a 218 aa propeptide, and a 116 aa mature segment (8, 9). The subunit  beta propeptides are required for subunit folding, dimerization, and secretion (10). Mature human beta A shares 64%, 51%, and 44% aa sequence identity with human beta B, beta C, and beta E, respectively. Sequence identity between human, mouse, and rat is 100% for mature beta A, and 91% - 93% for mature  beta C. The beta A and beta C subunits are both expressed in the liver, pituitary, ovary, testis, and adrenal gland (1, 6, 11). The beta C subunit may dimerize with beta A, beta B or the inhibin alpha  subunit (6, 7). Overexpression of  beta C results in increased production of Activin AC as well as a reduction in beta A expression and activin induced signaling (12, 13). The beta C subunit modulates activin induced effects in a variety of systems by forming intracellular dimers with the beta A subunit and impeding the release of Activins A, AB, and B (2, 12). Activins signal through heterodimeric receptor complexes composed of type I (Activin RIA or RIB) and type II (Activin RIIA or RIIB) transmembrane Ser/Thr kinases.

References
  1. Thompson, T.B. et al. (2004) Mol. Cell. Endocrinol. 225:9.
  2. Butler, C.M. et al. (2005) Cytokine Growth Factor Rev. 16:377. 
  3. Abe, Y. et al. (2004) Growth Factors 22:105. 
  4. Vitt, U.A. et al. (2001) Mol. Endocrinol. 15:681. 
  5. Werner, S. and C. Alzheimer (2006) Cytokine Growth Factor Rev. 17:157. 
  6. Mellor S.L. et al. (2000) J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab. 85:4851. 
  7. Ushiro, Y. et. al. (2006) J. Reprod. Devel. 52:487.
  8. Mason, A.J. et al. (1986) Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 135:957.
  9. Hötten, G. et al. (1995) Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 206:608.
  10. Gray, A.M. and A.J. Mason (1990) Science 247:1328.
  11. Gold, E.J. et al. (2004) Mol. Cell. Endocrinol. 222:61.
  12. Mellor, S.L. et al. (2003) Endocrinology 144:4410.
  13. Wada, W. et al. (2004) Am. J. Physiol. Endocrinol. Metab. 287:E247.
Alternate Names
Activin AC

Citations for Recombinant Human Activin AC Heterodimer Protein

R&D Systems personnel manually curate a database that contains references using R&D Systems products. The data collected includes not only links to publications in PubMed, but also provides information about sample types, species, and experimental conditions.

3 Citations: Showing 1 - 3
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  1. Activins as Dual Specificity TGF-&beta Family Molecules: SMAD-Activation via Activin- and BMP-Type 1 Receptors
    Authors: OE Olsen, H Hella, S Elsaadi, C Jacobi, E Martinez-H, T Holien
    Biomolecules, 2020-03-29;10(4):.
    Species: Human
    Sample Types: Whole Cells
    Applications: Cell Culture
  2. Activin A more prominently regulates muscle mass in primates than does GDF8
    Authors: E Latres, J Mastaitis, W Fury, L Miloscio, J Trejos, J Pangilinan, H Okamoto, K Cavino, E Na, A Papatheodo, T Willer, Y Bai, J Hae Kim, A Rafique, S Jaspers, T Stitt, AJ Murphy, GD Yancopoulo, J Gromada
    Nat Commun, 2017-04-28;8(0):15153.
    Species: Human
    Sample Types: Recombinant Protein
    Applications: Surface Plasmon Resonance
  3. Soluble Endoglin Specifically Binds Bone Morphogenetic Proteins 9 and 10 via Its Orphan Domain, Inhibits Blood Vessel Formation, and Suppresses Tumor Growth.
    Authors: Castonguay R, Werner ED, Matthews RG, Presman E, Mulivor AW, Solban N, Sako D, Pearsall RS, Underwood KW, Seehra J, Kumar R, Grinberg AV
    J. Biol. Chem., 2011-07-07;286(34):30034-46.
    Species: Human, Mouse
    Sample Types: Recombinant Protein
    Applications: Surface Plasmon Resonance

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Recombinant Human Activin AC Heterodimer Protein
By Anonymous on 07/09/2020
Application: SDS-PAGE Control
SDS-PAGE Control Recombinant Human Activin AC Heterodimer Protein 4879-AC