Recombinant Human Cathepsin S Protein, CF Summary
Product Specifications
Gln17-Ile331 (pro) & Ser109-Ile331 (mature), both with a C-terminal 10-His tag
Analysis
Product Datasheets
Carrier Free
CF stands for Carrier Free (CF). We typically add Bovine Serum Albumin (BSA) as a carrier protein to our recombinant proteins. Adding a carrier protein enhances protein stability, increases shelf-life, and allows the recombinant protein to be stored at a more dilute concentration. The carrier free version does not contain BSA.
In general, we advise purchasing the recombinant protein with BSA for use in cell or tissue culture, or as an ELISA standard. In contrast, the carrier free protein is recommended for applications, in which the presence of BSA could interfere.
1183-CY
Formulation | Supplied as a 0.2 μm filtered solution in MES, NaCl and Glycerol. |
Shipping | The product is shipped with dry ice or equivalent. Upon receipt, store it immediately at the temperature recommended below. |
Stability & Storage: | Use a manual defrost freezer and avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
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Assay Procedure
- Assay Buffer: 50 mM NaOAc, 5 mM DTT, 250 mM NaCl, pH 4.5
- Recombinant Human Cathepsin S (rhCathepsin S) (Catalog # 1183-CY)
- Substrate: MCA-Arg-Pro-Lys-Pro-Val-Glu-NVAL-Trp-Arg-Lys(DNP)-NH2 (Catalog # ES002)
- F16 Black Maxisorp Plate (Nunc, Catalog # 475515)
- Fluorescent Plate Reader (Model: SpectraMax Gemini EM by Molecular Devices) or equivalent
- Dilute rhCathepsin S to 10 µg/mL in Assay Buffer.
- Incubate at room temperature for 2 hours.
- Dilute rhCathepsin S to 0.5 ng/µL in Assay Buffer.
- Dilute Substrate to 20 µM in Assay Buffer.
- Load 50 µL of the 0.5 ng/µL rhCathepsin S into a black well plate, and start the reaction by adding 50 µL of 20 µM Substrate. Include a Substrate Blank containing 50 µL Assay Buffer and 50 µL of 20 µM Substrate without any rhCathepsin S.
- Read at excitation and emission wavelengths of 320 nm and 405 nm (top read), respectively, in kinetic mode for 5 minutes.
- Calculate specific activity:
Specific Activity (pmol/min/µg) = |
Adjusted Vmax* (RFU/min) x Conversion Factor** (pmol/RFU) |
amount of enzyme (µg) |
*Adjusted for Substrate Blank
**Derived using calibration standard MCA-Pro-Leu-OH (Bachem, Catalog # M-1975)
- rhCathepsin S: 0.025 µg
- Substrate: 10 µM
Reconstitution Calculator
Background: Cathepsin S
Cathepsin S is a lysosomal cysteine protease of the papain family (1). It plays a major role in the processing of the MHC class II‑associated invariant chain (2). It has been implicated in the pathogenesis of several diseases such as Alzheimer’s disease and degenerative disorders associated with the cells of the mononuclear phagocytic system (1). Human Cathepsin S is synthesized as a preproenzyme of 331 amino acid residues consisting a signal peptide (residues 1‑16), a pro region (residues 17‑114), and the mature enzyme (residues 115‑331) (3‑5). Cathepsin S is less abundant in tissues than Cathepsins B, L and H. The highest levels have been found in lymph nodes, spleen, macrophages and other phagocytic cells.
- Kirschke, H. (2004) in Handbook of Proteolytic Enzymes (ed. Barrett, A.J. et al.) pp. 1104 - 1107, Academic Press, San Diego.
- Turk, V. et al. (2001) EMBO J. 20:4629.
- Shi, G.P. et al. (1992) J. Biol. Chem. 267:7258.
- Shi, G.P. et al. (1994) J. Biol. Chem. 269:11530.
- Wiederanders, B. et al. (1992) J. Biol. Chem. 267:13708.
Citations for Recombinant Human Cathepsin S Protein, CF
R&D Systems personnel manually curate a database that contains references using R&D Systems products. The data collected includes not only links to publications in PubMed, but also provides information about sample types, species, and experimental conditions.
18
Citations: Showing 1 - 10
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Tofacitinib Regulates Endostatin via Effects on CD147 and Cathepsin S
Authors: Zisman, D;Sabtan, H;Rahat, MM;Simanovich, E;Haddad, A;Gazitt, T;Feld, J;Slobodin, G;Kibari, A;Elias, M;Rahat, MA;
International journal of molecular sciences
Species: Human
Sample Types: Whole Cells
Applications: Cell Culture -
Evaluation of variable new antigen receptors (vNARs) as a novel cathepsin S (CTSS) targeting strategy
Authors: Smyth, P;Ferguson, L;Burrows, JF;Burden, RE;Tracey, SR;Herron, ÚM;Kovaleva, M;Williams, R;Porter, AJ;Longley, DB;Barelle, CJ;Scott, CJ;
Frontiers in pharmacology
Species: N/A
Sample Types: Protein
Applications: Bioassay -
Cln5 represents a new type of cysteine-based S-depalmitoylase linked to neurodegeneration
Authors: AV Luebben, D Bender, S Becker, LM Crowther, I Erven, K Hofmann, J Söding, H Klemp, C Bellotti, A Stäuble, T Qiu, RS Kathayat, BC Dickinson, J Gärtner, GM Sheldrick, R Krätzner, R Steinfeld
Science Advances, 2022-04-15;8(15):eabj8633.
Species: N/A
Sample Types: Recombinant Protein
Applications: Bioassay -
An Immunosensor for the Determination of Cathepsin S in Blood Plasma by Array SPRi-A Comparison of Analytical Properties of Silver-Gold and Pure Gold Chips
Authors: P Falkowski, P Mrozek, Z Lukaszewsk, L Oldak, E Gorodkiewi
Biosensors, 2021-08-27;11(9):.
Species: Human
Sample Types: Plasma
Applications: Surface Plasmon Resonance -
Cathepsin S provokes interleukin-6 (IL-6) trans-signaling through cleavage of the IL-6 receptor in vitro
Authors: CM Flynn, Y Garbers, S Düsterhöft, R Wichert, J Lokau, CHK Lehmann, D Dudziak, B Schröder, C Becker-Pau, S Rose-John, S Aparicio-S, C Garbers
Scientific Reports, 2020-12-10;10(1):21612.
Species: Human
Sample Types: Recombinant Protein
Applications: Bioassay -
Human Cysteine Cathepsins Degrade Immunoglobulin G In Vitro in a Predictable Manner
Authors: RA Høglund, SB Torsetnes, A Lossius, B Bogen, EJ Homan, R Bremel, T Holmøy
Int J Mol Sci, 2019-09-29;20(19):.
Species: Human
Sample Types: Protein
Applications: Bioassay -
Image-guided surgery using near-infrared Turn-ON fluorescent nanoprobes for precise detection of tumor margins
Authors: R Blau, Y Epshtein, E Pisarevsky, G Tiram, S Israeli Da, E Yeini, A Krivitsky, A Eldar-Booc, D Ben-Shusha, H Gibori, A Scomparin, O Green, Y Ben-Nun, E Merquiol, H Doron, G Blum, N Erez, R Grossman, Z Ram, D Shabat, R Satchi-Fai
Theranostics, 2018-05-24;8(13):3437-3460.
Species: N/A
Sample Types: Polymer
Applications: Bioassay -
Suppression and resolution of autoimmune arthritis by rhesus ?-defensin-1, an immunomodulatory macrocyclic peptide
Authors: JB Schaal, DQ Tran, A Subramania, R Patel, T Laragione, KD Roberts, K Trinh, P Tongaonkar, PA Tran, D Minond, GB Fields, P Beringer, AJ Ouellette, PS Gulko, ME Selsted
PLoS ONE, 2017-11-16;12(11):e0187868.
Applications: Bioassay -
Dysfunction in diurnal synaptic responses and social behavior abnormalities in cathepsin S-deficient mice
Authors: F Takayama, X Zhang, Y Hayashi, Z Wu, H Nakanishi
Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun., 2017-06-13;0(0):.
Species: Mouse
Sample Types: Whole Tissue
Applications: Bioassay -
Adenosine-to-inosine RNA editing controls cathepsin S expression in atherosclerosis by enabling HuR-mediated post-transcriptional regulation
Nat Med, 2016-09-05;0(0):.
Species: Human
Sample Types: Whole Cells
Applications: Bioassay -
Cathepsin K-mediated Notch1 activation contributes to neovascularization in response to hypoxia.
Authors: Jiang H, Cheng X, Shi G, Hu L, Inoue A, Yamamura Y, Wu H, Takeshita K, Li X, Huang Z, Song H, Asai M, Hao C, Unno K, Koike T, Oshida Y, Okumura K, Murohara T, Kuzuya M
Nat Commun, 2014-06-04;5(0):3838.
Species: Mouse
Sample Types: Tissue Homogenates
Applications: Bioassay -
Fine-tuning nucleophosmin in macrophage differentiation and activation.
Authors: Guery L, Benikhlef N, Gautier T, Paul C, Jego G, Dufour E, Jacquel A, Cally R, Manoury B, Vanden Berghe T, Vandenabeele P, Droin N, Solary E
Blood, 2011-08-29;118(17):4694-704.
Species: Human
Sample Types: Recombinant Protein
Applications: Enzyme Assay -
Regulation of cathepsin g reduces the activation of proinsulin-reactive T cells from type 1 diabetes patients.
Authors: Zou F, Schafer N, Palesch D, Brucken R, Beck A, Sienczyk M, Kalbacher H, Sun Z, Boehm BO, Burster T
PLoS ONE, 2011-08-05;6(8):e22815.
Species: Human
Sample Types: Protein
Applications: Enzyme Assay -
A multiplex immunoassay for human adipokine profiling.
Authors: Schipper HS, De Jager W, van Dijk ME, Meerding J, Zelissen PM, Adan RA, Prakken BJ, Kalkhoven E
Clin. Chem., 2010-06-08;56(0):1320.
Applications: ELISA (Standard) -
Design of protease-resistant myelin basic protein-derived peptides by cleavage site directed amino acid substitutions.
Authors: Burster T, Marin-Esteban V, Boehm BO, Dunn S, Rotzschke O, Falk K, Weber E, Verhelst SH, Kalbacher H, Driessen C
Biochem. Pharmacol., 2007-08-02;74(10):1514-23.
Species: Human
Sample Types: Cell Lysates
Applications: Enzyme Assay -
Identification of astrocyte-expressed factors that modulate neural stem/progenitor cell differentiation.
Authors: Barkho BZ, Song H, Aimone JB
Stem Cells Dev., 2006-06-01;15(3):407-21.
Species: Rat
Sample Types: Whole Cells
Applications: Bioassay -
Cystatin M/E is a high affinity inhibitor of cathepsin V and cathepsin L by a reactive site that is distinct from the legumain-binding site. A novel clue for the role of cystatin M/E in epidermal cornification.
Authors: Cheng T, Hitomi K, van Vlijmen-Willems IM, de Jongh GJ, Yamamoto K, Nishi K, Watts C, Reinheckel T, Schalkwijk J, Zeeuwen PL
J. Biol. Chem., 2006-03-24;281(23):15893-9.
Species: Human
Sample Types: Recombinant Protein
Applications: Enzyme Assay -
Distinct roles for cysteine cathepsin genes in multistage tumorigenesis.
Authors: Gocheva V, Zeng W, Ke D, Klimstra D, Reinheckel T, Peters C, Hanahan D, Joyce JA
Genes Dev., 2006-02-15;20(5):543-56.
Species: Human
Sample Types: Buffer
Applications: Enzyme Assay
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