Recombinant Human CXCL12/SDF-1 gamma Protein Summary
Product Specifications
The ED50 for this effect is 4-24 ng/mL.
L | Human
CXCL12 (Lys22-Asn119) Accession # NP_001029058 |
N-terminus | C-terminus |
Analysis
Product Datasheets
Carrier Free
CF stands for Carrier Free (CF). We typically add Bovine Serum Albumin (BSA) as a carrier protein to our recombinant proteins. Adding a carrier protein enhances protein stability, increases shelf-life, and allows the recombinant protein to be stored at a more dilute concentration. The carrier free version does not contain BSA.
In general, we advise purchasing the recombinant protein with BSA for use in cell or tissue culture, or as an ELISA standard. In contrast, the carrier free protein is recommended for applications, in which the presence of BSA could interfere.
6448-SD
Formulation | Lyophilized from a 0.2 μm filtered solution in PBS with BSA as a carrier protein. |
Reconstitution | Reconstitute at 100 μg/mL in PBS containing at least 0.1% human or bovine serum albumin. |
Shipping | The product is shipped at ambient temperature. Upon receipt, store it immediately at the temperature recommended below. |
Stability & Storage: | Use a manual defrost freezer and avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
|
6448-SD/CF
Formulation | Lyophilized from a 0.2 μm filtered solution in PBS. |
Reconstitution | Reconstitute at 100 μg/mL in PBS. |
Shipping | The product is shipped at ambient temperature. Upon receipt, store it immediately at the temperature recommended below. |
Stability & Storage: | Use a manual defrost freezer and avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
|
Reconstitution Calculator
Background: CXCL12/SDF-1 gamma
Human CXCL12 is expressed as five isoforms that differ only in the C-terminal tail (1). The gamma isoform of CXCL12, also known as SDF-1 gamma, is a 12 kDa, heparin-binding member of the CXC (or alpha) family of chemokines (2, 3). Mature SDF-1 molecules are not glycosylated and exhibit a typical three antiparallel beta -strand chemokine-like fold. N-terminal aa 1 ‑ 8 form a receptor binding site, while aa 1 and 2 (Lys‑Pro) are involved in receptor activation (4). All SDF-1 isoforms can undergo proteolytic processing of the first two N-terminal amino acids by CD26, which is thought to create a reduced‑activity chemokine (5). Human SDF-1 gamma is synthesized as a 119 amino acid (aa) precursor that contains a 21 aa signal sequence and a 98 aa mature region (1). Mature human SDF-1 gamma shares 99%, 97% and 98% aa identity with mouse, rat, and equine SDF-1 gamma, respectively. The unique C‑terminal 26 aa of SDF-1 gamma are highly charged, including four BBXB (where B = basic and X = any aa) motifs, while the most prevalent form, SDF-1 alpha, has 4 unique C‑terminal aa and binds heparin via the shared BBXB site more N‑terminally located (2, 6). The SDF‑1 gamma C‑terminus binds heparin in secreted SDF-1 gamma, or targets the isoform to the nucleolus in the absence of a signal sequence (6 ‑ 8). SDF-1 isoforms interact with CXCR4 and CXCR7 receptors on the cell surface, and can also bind syndecan-4 (9 ‑ 12). SDF-1 alpha or beta are known to influence lymphopoiesis, enhance the survival of myeloid progenitor cells, regulate the patterning and cell number of neural progenitors, and promote angiogenesis (2). Of all SDF-1 isoforms, SDF-1 gamma is the most strongly attached to the cell surface via glycans, least likely to circulate, and most active in binding CXCR4 and blocking HIV entry to cells via CXCR4 (9, 13). Unlike other isoforms, it is constitutively expressed mainly in the heart or rodent brain, and is not expressed prenatally (14 ‑ 16).
- Yu, L. et al. (2006) Gene 374:174.
- Janowski, M. (2009) Cell Adh. Migr. 3:243.
- Zlotnik, A. and O. Yoshie (2000) Immunity 12:121.
- Crump, M.P. et al. (1997) EMBO J. 16:6996.
- De La Luz Sierra, M. et al. (2004) Blood 103:2452.
- Rueda, P. et al. (2007) PLoS ONE 7:e2543.
- Laguri, C. et al. (2007) PLoS ONE 10:e1110.
- Torres, R. and J.C. Ramirez (2009) PLoS ONE 10:e7570.
- Altenburg, J.D. et al. (2010) J. Virol. 84:2563.
- Balabanian, K. et al. (2005) J. Biol. Chem. 280:35760.
- Levoye, A. et al. (2009) Blood 113:6085.
- Charnaux, N. et al. (2005) FEBS J. 272:1937.
- Altenburg, J.D. et al. (2007) J. Virol. 81:8140.
- Gleichmann, M. et al. (2000) Eur. J. Neurosci. 12:1857.
- Segret, A. et al. (2007) J. Histochem. Cytochem. 55:141.
- Franco, D. et al. (2009) Anat. Rec. (Hoboken) 292:891.
Citations for Recombinant Human CXCL12/SDF-1 gamma Protein
R&D Systems personnel manually curate a database that contains references using R&D Systems products. The data collected includes not only links to publications in PubMed, but also provides information about sample types, species, and experimental conditions.
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Citations: Showing 1 - 6
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Targeting CXCR4 impaired T regulatory function through PTEN in renal cancer patients
Authors: Santagata, S;Rea, G;Bello, AM;Capiluongo, A;Napolitano, M;Desicato, S;Fragale, A;D'Alterio, C;Trotta, AM;Ieranò, C;Portella, L;Persico, F;Di Napoli, M;Di Maro, S;Feroce, F;Azzaro, R;Gabriele, L;Longo, N;Pignata, S;Perdonà, S;Scala, S;
British journal of cancer
Species: Human
Sample Types: Whole Cells
Applications: Bioassay -
Endothelial Autocrine Signaling through CXCL12/CXCR4/FoxM1 Axis Contributes to Severe Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension
Authors: D Yi, B Liu, T Wang, Q Liao, MM Zhu, YY Zhao, Z Dai
International Journal of Molecular Sciences, 2021-03-20;22(6):.
Species: Human
Sample Types: Whole Cells
Applications: Bioassay -
Cell surface thermal proteome profiling tracks perturbations and drug targets on the plasma membrane
Authors: M Kalxdorf, I Günthner, I Becher, N Kurzawa, S Knecht, MM Savitski, HC Eberl, M Bantscheff
Nature methods, 2021-01-04;18(1):84-91.
Species: Human
Sample Types: Whole Cells
Applications: Bioassay -
Novel Anti-Inflammatory Peptides Based on Chemokine-Glycosaminoglycan Interactions Reduce Leukocyte Migration and Disease Severity in a Model of Rheumatoid Arthritis
Authors: EF McNaughton, AD Eustace, S King, RB Sessions, A Kay, M Farris, R Broadbridg, O Kehoe, AJ Kungl, J Middleton
J. Immunol., 2018-03-23;0(0):.
Species: Human
Sample Types: Whole Cells
Applications: Bioassay -
Role of LPAR3, PKC and EGFR in LPA-induced cell migration in oral squamous carcinoma cells.
Authors: Brusevold I, Tveteraas I, Aasrum M, Odegard J, Sandnes D, Christoffersen T
BMC Cancer, 2014-06-13;14(0):432.
Species: Human
Sample Types: Whole Cells
Applications: Bioassay -
Widespread potential for growth-factor-driven resistance to anticancer kinase inhibitors.
Authors: Wilson TR, Fridlyand J, Yan Y, Penuel E, Burton L, Chan E, Peng J, Lin E, Wang Y, Sosman J, Ribas A, Li J, Moffat J, Sutherlin DP, Koeppen H, Merchant M, Neve R, Settleman J
Nature, 2012-07-26;487(7408):505-9.
Species: Human
Sample Types: Whole Cells
Applications: Bioassay
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