Recombinant Human Frizzled-4 Protein, CF Summary
Product Specifications
Optimal concentrations should be determined by each laboratory for each application.
Human Frizzled-4 (Phe37-Glu180) Accession # Q9ULV1 |
IEGRMD | Human IgG1 (Pro100-Lys330) |
N-terminus | C-terminus | |
Analysis
Product Datasheets
Carrier Free
CF stands for Carrier Free (CF). We typically add Bovine Serum Albumin (BSA) as a carrier protein to our recombinant proteins. Adding a carrier protein enhances protein stability, increases shelf-life, and allows the recombinant protein to be stored at a more dilute concentration. The carrier free version does not contain BSA.
In general, we advise purchasing the recombinant protein with BSA for use in cell or tissue culture, or as an ELISA standard. In contrast, the carrier free protein is recommended for applications, in which the presence of BSA could interfere.
5847-FZ
Formulation | Lyophilized from a 0.2 μm filtered solution in PBS. |
Reconstitution | Reconstitute at 400 μg/mL in PBS. |
Shipping | The product is shipped at ambient temperature. Upon receipt, store it immediately at the temperature recommended below. |
Stability & Storage: | Use a manual defrost freezer and avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
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Reconstitution Calculator
Background: Frizzled-4
Frizzled-4, designated CD344, is a 7-transmembrane glycoprotein of the Frizzled family within the G-protein coupled receptor superfamily (1, 2). Frizzled proteins function as receptors for Wnt proteins and can activate canonical Wnt/beta-catenin signaling as well as planar cell polarity and calcium flux pathways (1). Frizzled-4 is particularly important in angiogenic Wnt pathway signaling (1, 5). Frizzleds contain a divergent N-terminal signal peptide, a highly conserved ~120 amino acid (aa) cysteine-rich domain (CRD), a variable length linker region, seven transmembrane domains, and a variable-length C-terminal tail (1). The human Frizzled-4 cDNA encodes 537 aa with a 36 aa signal sequence and a 186 aa N-terminal extracellular sequence (4). The portion expressed in this product includes aa 37-180, and shares 93%, 93%, 94%, 95% and 97% identity with the corresponding region of mouse, rat, bovine, canine and equine Frizzled-4, respectively. This portion competes for Wnt binding with endogenous receptors. A human 122 aa soluble form that diverges at aa 95 is proposed to be a positive regulator of Wnt signaling pathways (5). Frizzled-4 is unusual in binding a non-wnt ligand, Norrin, in addition to binding Wnt ligands (1, 3, 6). Norrin binds the Frizzled-4 CRD, activates Wnt signaling pathways and uses LRP5/6 as co-receptors (3, 6). Deletion of either Frizzled-4 or Norrin in mice results in a similar phenotype including malformation of vasculature in the retina, cerebellar degeneration, and loss of hair cells in the inner ear (1, 3, 7). In humans, blindness due to familial exudative vitreoretinopathy (FEVR) is associated with mutations producing loss of function of Frizzled-4 or Norrin, designated EVR1 and EVR2, respectively (1, 3, 8). Frizzled-4 expression has been found in many tissues, including mouse ovary, where it influences corpus luteum vasculogenesis and is necessary for fertility (9).
- Huang, H-C. and P.S. Klein (2004) Genome Biol. 5:234.
- Parmalee, N.L. and J. Kitajewski (2008) Curr. Drug Targets 9:558.
- Xu, Q. et al. (2004) Cell 116:883.
- Kirikoshi, H. et al. (1999) Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 264:955.
- Sagara, N. et al. (2001) Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 282:750.
- Smallwood, P.M. et al. (2007) J. Biol. Chem. 282:4057.
- Wang, Y. et al. (2001) J. Neurosci. 21:4761.
- Robitaille, J. et al. (2002) Nat. Genet. 32:326.
- Hsieh, M. et al. (2005) Biol. Reprod. 73:1135.
Citations for Recombinant Human Frizzled-4 Protein, CF
R&D Systems personnel manually curate a database that contains references using R&D Systems products. The data collected includes not only links to publications in PubMed, but also provides information about sample types, species, and experimental conditions.
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A Norrin/Wnt surrogate antibody stimulates endothelial cell barrier function and rescues retinopathy
Authors: R Chidiac, M Abedin, G Macleod, A Yang, PE Thibeault, LL Blazer, JJ Adams, L Zhang, H Roehrich, HN Jo, S Seshagiri, SS Sidhu, HJ Junge, S Angers
Embo Molecular Medicine, 2021-06-09;0(0):e13977.
Species: Human
Sample Types: Recombinant Protein
Applications: Bioassay -
Widespread potential for growth-factor-driven resistance to anticancer kinase inhibitors.
Authors: Wilson TR, Fridlyand J, Yan Y, Penuel E, Burton L, Chan E, Peng J, Lin E, Wang Y, Sosman J, Ribas A, Li J, Moffat J, Sutherlin DP, Koeppen H, Merchant M, Neve R, Settleman J
Nature, 2012-07-26;487(7408):505-9.
Species: Human
Sample Types: Whole Cells
Applications: Bioassay
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