Recombinant Human IL-12 (linked heterodimer) Protein, CF
Recombinant Human IL-12 (linked heterodimer) Protein, CF Summary
Product Specifications
| Human IL-12p40 (Ile23-Ser328) Accession # P29460.1 | GSGSSRGGSGSGGSGGGGSK | Human IL-12p35 (Arg23-Ser219) Accession # P29459.2 |
| N-terminus | C-terminus | |
Analysis
Product Datasheets
Carrier Free
CF stands for Carrier Free (CF). We typically add Bovine Serum Albumin (BSA) as a carrier protein to our recombinant proteins. Adding a carrier protein enhances protein stability, increases shelf-life, and allows the recombinant protein to be stored at a more dilute concentration. The carrier free version does not contain BSA.
In general, we advise purchasing the recombinant protein with BSA for use in cell or tissue culture, or as an ELISA standard. In contrast, the carrier free protein is recommended for applications, in which the presence of BSA could interfere.
10018-IL
| Formulation | Lyophilized from a 0.2 μm filtered solution in PBS. |
| Reconstitution | Reconstitute at 100-200 μg/mL in PBS. |
| Shipping | The product is shipped at ambient temperature. Upon receipt, store it immediately at the temperature recommended below. |
| Stability & Storage: | Use a manual defrost freezer and avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
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Scientific Data
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Recombinant Human IL-12 (Catalog # 10018-IL) stimulates proliferation in PHA-activated human T lymphoblasts. The ED50 for this effect is 0.01-0.05 ng/mL.
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2 μg/lane of Recombinant Human IL‑12 was resolved with SDS-PAGE under reducing (R) and non-reducing (NR) conditions and visualized by Coomassie® Blue staining, showing bands at 63-75 kDa.
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Background: IL-12
Interleukin 12, also known as natural killer cell stimulatory factor (NKSF) or cytotoxic lymphocyte maturation factor (CLMF), is a pleiotropic cytokine originally identified in the medium of activated human B lymphoblastoid cell lines (1). The p40 subunit of IL-12 has been shown to have extensive amino acid sequence homology to the extracellular domain of the human IL-6 receptor while the p35 subunit shows distant but significant sequence similarity to IL-6, G-CSF, and chicken MGF (2, 3). These observations have led to the suggestion that IL-12 might have evolved from a cytokine/soluble receptor complex. Human and murine IL-12 share 70% and 60% amino acid sequence homology in their p40 and p35 subunits, respectively. IL-12 apparently shows species specificity with human IL-12 reportedly showing minimal activity in the murine system. IL-12 is produced by macrophages and B lymphocytes and has been shown to have multiple effects on T cells and natural killer (NK) cells (4). These effects include inducing production of IFN-gamma and TNF by resting and activated T and NK cells, synergizing with other IFN‑gamma inducers at both the transcriptional and post-transcriptional levels. This interaction induces IFN-gamma gene expression, enhancing the cytotoxic activity of resting NK and T cells, inducing and synergizing with IL-2 in the generation of lymphokine-activated killer (LAK) cells, acting as a co-mitogen to stimulate proliferation of resting T cells, and inducing proliferation of activated T and NK cells (5). Current evidence indicates that IL‑12, produced by macrophages in response to infectious agents, is a central mediator of the cell‑mediated immune response by its actions on the development, proliferation, and activities of TH1 cells. In its role as the initiator of cell-mediated immunity, it has been suggested that IL-12 has therapeutic potential as a stimulator of cell-mediated immune responses to microbial pathogens, metastatic cancers, and viral infections such as AIDS.
- Gubler, U. et al. (1991) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. 88:4143.
- Gearing, D. et al. (1991) Cell 66:9.
- Merberg, D. et al. (1992) Immunology Today 13:78.
- Wolf, S.F. et al. (1991) Journal of Immunology 146:3074.
- Airoldi, I. et al. (2000) Journal of Immunology 165:6880.
Citations for Recombinant Human IL-12 (linked heterodimer) Protein, CF
R&D Systems personnel manually curate a database that contains references using R&D Systems products. The data collected includes not only links to publications in PubMed, but also provides information about sample types, species, and experimental conditions.
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Citations: Showing 1 - 3
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Tuberculosis in otherwise healthy adults with inherited TNF deficiency
Authors: Arias, AA;Neehus, AL;Ogishi, M;Meynier, V;Krebs, A;Lazarov, T;Lee, AM;Arango-Franco, CA;Yang, R;Orrego, J;Corcini Berndt, M;Rojas, J;Li, H;Rinchai, D;Erazo-Borrás, L;Han, JE;Pillay, B;Ponsin, K;Chaldebas, M;Philippot, Q;Bohlen, J;Rosain, J;Le Voyer, T;Janotte, T;Amarajeeva, K;Soudée, C;Brollo, M;Wiegmann, K;Marquant, Q;Seeleuthner, Y;Lee, D;Lainé, C;Kloos, D;Bailey, R;Bastard, P;Keating, N;Rapaport, F;Khan, T;Moncada-Vélez, M;Carmona, MC;Obando, C;Alvarez, J;Cataño, JC;Martínez-Rosado, LL;Sanchez, JP;Tejada-Giraldo, M;L'Honneur, AS;Agudelo, ML;Perez-Zapata, LJ;Arboleda, DM;Alzate, JF;Cabarcas, F;Zuluaga, A;Pelham, SJ;Ensser, A;Schmidt, M;Velásquez-Lopera, MM;Jouanguy, E;Puel, A;Krönke, M;Ghirardello, S;Borghesi, A;Pahari, S;Boisson, B;Pittaluga, S;Ma, CS;Emile, JF;Notarangelo, LD;Tangye, SG;Marr, N;Lachmann, N;Salvator, H;Schlesinger, LS;Zhang, P;Glickman, MS;Nathan, CF;Geissmann, F;Abel, L;Franco, JL;Bustamante, J;Casanova, JL;Boisson-Dupuis, S;
Nature
Species: Human
Sample Types: Plasma
Applications: Bioassay -
Role of CCR3 in respiratory syncytial virus infection of airway epithelial cells.
Authors: Wellemans V, Benhassou H, Fuselier E, Bellesort F, Dury S, Lebargy F, Dormoy V, Fichel C, Naour R, Gounni A, Lamkhioued B
iScience, 2021-11-14;24(12):103433.
Species: Human
Sample Types: Whole Cells
Applications: Bioassay -
'Psoriasis 1' reduces T‑lymphocyte‑mediated inflammation in patients with psoriasis by inhibiting vitamin D receptor‑mediated STAT4 inactivation.
Authors: Gao Y, Sun W, Cha X, Wang H
Int J Mol Med, 0;46(4):1538-1550.
Species: Human
Sample Types: Whole Cells
Applications: Bioassay
FAQs
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What is the difference between Recombinant Human IL-12 Protein (Catalog # 219-IL) and Recombinant Human Il-12 (linked heterodimer) Protein (Catalog # 10018-IL?
The Recombinant Human IL-12 Protein (Catalog # 219-IL), expressed in Sf 21 cells, is a disulfide-linked homodimer consisting of the p35 and p40 subunits. The subunits can be separated under reducing conditions. The Recombinant Human IL-12 (linked heterodimer) Protein (Catalog # 10018-IL), expressed in HEK293 cells, is a chimeric protein consisting of the p35 and p40 subunits connected by a linker. These two subunits cannot be separated.
Reviews for Recombinant Human IL-12 (linked heterodimer) Protein, CF
Average Rating: 4 (Based on 1 Review)
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Reason for Rating: Induced Th1 polarization in vitro at 30 ng/mL.
