Recombinant Human/Mouse/Rat GDF-8/Myostatin Protein
Recombinant Human/Mouse/Rat GDF-8/Myostatin Protein Summary
Product Specifications
Asp268-Ser376
Analysis
24 kDa, non-reducing conditions
Product Datasheets
Carrier Free
CF stands for Carrier Free (CF). We typically add Bovine Serum Albumin (BSA) as a carrier protein to our recombinant proteins. Adding a carrier protein enhances protein stability, increases shelf-life, and allows the recombinant protein to be stored at a more dilute concentration. The carrier free version does not contain BSA.
In general, we advise purchasing the recombinant protein with BSA for use in cell or tissue culture, or as an ELISA standard. In contrast, the carrier free protein is recommended for applications, in which the presence of BSA could interfere.
788-G8
| Formulation | Lyophilized from a 0.2 μm filtered solution in Acetonitrile and TFA with BSA as a carrier protein. *1 mg pack size (01M) is supplied as a 0.2 µm filtered solution in Acetonitrile and TFA with BSA as a carrier protein. |
| Reconstitution | Reconstitute at 100 μg/mL in sterile 4 mM HCl containing at least 0.1% human or bovine serum albumin. |
| Shipping | The product is shipped at ambient temperature. Upon receipt, store it immediately at the temperature recommended below. |
| Stability & Storage: | Use a manual defrost freezer and avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
|
788-G8/CF
| Formulation | Lyophilized from a 0.2 μm filtered solution in Acetonitrile and TFA. |
| Reconstitution | Reconstitute at 100 μg/mL in sterile 4 mM HCl. |
| Shipping | The product is shipped at ambient temperature. Upon receipt, store it immediately at the temperature recommended below. |
| Stability & Storage: | Use a manual defrost freezer and avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
|
Scientific Data
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Recombinant Human/Mouse/Rat GDF-8/ Myostatin (Catalog # 788-G8) induces hemoglobin expression in the K562 human chronic myelogenous leukemia cell line. The ED50 for this effect is 2-10 ng/mL.
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1 μg/lane of Recombinant Human/Mouse/Rat GDF-8/Myostatin was resolved with SDS-PAGE under reducing (R) and non-reducing (NR) conditions and visualized by silver staining, showing the main bands at 12 kDa and 24 kDa, respectively.
Reconstitution Calculator
Background: GDF-8/Myostatin
Growth Differentiation Factor 8 (GDF-8), also known as myostatin, is a member of the TGF-beta superfamily that is expressed specifically in developing and adult skeletal muscle. GDF-8 cDNA encodes a 376 amino acid (aa) prepropeptide with a 24 aa residue signal peptide, a 223 aa residue amino-terminal propeptide, and a 109 aa residue carboxy-terminal mature protein. Mature GDF-8 contains the canonical 7-cysteine motif common to other TGF-beta superfamily members. Similar to the TGF‑ beta s, activins and BMP-11, GDF-8 also contains one extra pair of cysteine residues that is not found in other family members. The bioactive form of GDF-8 is a homodimer with an apparent molecular weight of approximately 25 kDa. GDF-8 is highly conserved across species. At the amino acid sequence level, mature human, mouse, rat and cow GDF-8 are 100% identical. Within the TGF-beta superfamily, GDF-8 is most closely related to BMP-11, a mammalian protein that acts as a dorsal mesoderm and neural inducer in Xenopus explants. The two proteins share 90% amino acid sequence identity within their mature chain. A targeted disruption of GDF-8 in mouse results in large mice with a widespread increase in skeletal muscle mass, indicating that GDF-8 is a negative regulator of skeletal muscle growth. A mutation in the bovine GDF-8 gene has been shown to be responsible for the double-muscled phenotype in cattle breeds such as Belgian Blue cattle that is characterized by an increase in muscle mass. GDF-8 has also been shown to inhibit preadipocyte differentiation to adipocytes. Mature GDF-8 binds to activin type II receptors and the binding is antagonized by the activin-binding protein, follistatin. R&D Systems recombinant GDF-8 preparations have been shown to act similarly to Activin A in both the Xenopus animal cap and the K562 assays.
- Storm, E.E. et al. (1994) Nature 368:639.
- Sharma, M. et al. (1999) J. Cell Physiol. 180:1.
- McPherron, A.C. et al. (1997) Nature 387:83.
- Lee, S.J. et al. (2001) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 98:9306.
- Kim, H.S. et al. (2001) Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 281:902.
Citations for Recombinant Human/Mouse/Rat GDF-8/Myostatin Protein
R&D Systems personnel manually curate a database that contains references using R&D Systems products. The data collected includes not only links to publications in PubMed, but also provides information about sample types, species, and experimental conditions.
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Citations: Showing 1 - 10
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Maternal immunization against myostatin suppresses post-hatch chicken growth
Authors: R Mishra, R Jha, B Mishra, YS Kim
PLoS ONE, 2022-10-06;17(10):e0275753.
Species: Human
Sample Types: Transfected Whole Cells
Applications: Bioassay -
A New Method of Myostatin Inhibition in Mice via Oral Administration of Lactobacillus casei Expressing Modified Myostatin Protein, BLS-M22
Authors: DK Sung, H Kim, SE Park, J Lee, JA Kim, YC Park, HB Jeon, JW Chang, J Lee
International Journal of Molecular Sciences, 2022-08-13;23(16):.
Species: Mouse
Sample Types: Serum
Applications: ELISA Capture -
TMEPAI/PMEPA1 Is a Positive Regulator of Skeletal Muscle Mass
Authors: A Hagg, S Kharoud, G Goodchild, CA Goodman, JL Chen, RE Thomson, H Qian, P Gregorevic, CA Harrison, KL Walton
Front Physiol, 2020-11-04;11(0):560225.
Species: Human
Sample Types: Whole Cells
Applications: Bioassay -
The green tea polyphenol epigallocatechin-3-gallate attenuates age-associated muscle loss via regulation of miR-486-5p and myostatin
Authors: YC Chang, HW Liu, YC Chan, SH Hu, MY Liu, SJ Chang
Arch. Biochem. Biophys., 2020-07-22;692(0):108511.
Species: Mouse
Sample Types: Whole Cells
Applications: Bioassay -
Myostatin Inhibits Vascular Smooth Muscle Cell Proliferation and Local 14q32 microRNA Expression, But Not Systemic Inflammation or Restenosis
Authors: EAC Goossens, MR de Vries, JW Jukema, PHA Quax, AY Nossent
Int J Mol Sci, 2020-05-15;21(10):.
Species: Mouse
Sample Types: In Vivo, Whole Cells
Applications: Cell Culture, In Vivo -
Characterization of a novel compound that promotes myogenesis via�Akt and transcriptional co-activator with PDZ-binding motif (TAZ) in mouse C2C12 cells
Authors: M Kodaka, F Mao, K Arimoto-Ma, M Kitamura, X Xu, Z Yang, K Nakagawa, J Maruyama, K Ishii, C Akazawa, T Oyaizu, N Yamamoto, M Ishigami-Y, N Tsuemoto, S Ito, H Kagechika, H Nishina, Y Hata
PLoS ONE, 2020-04-08;15(4):e0231265.
Species: Human
Sample Types: Whole Cells
Applications: Bioassay -
Structural basis of specific inhibition of extracellular activation of pro- or latent myostatin by the monoclonal antibody SRK-015
Authors: KB Dagbay, E Treece, FC Streich, JW Jackson, RR Faucette, A Nikiforov, SC Lin, CJ Boston, SB Nicholls, AD Capili, GJ Carven
J. Biol. Chem., 2020-02-19;295(16):5404-5418.
Species: Human
Sample Types: Cell Culture Supernates
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AdipoRon prevents myostatin-induced upregulation of fatty acid synthesis and downregulation of insulin activity in a mouse hepatocyte line
Authors: XH Liu, JP Pan, WA Bauman, CP Cardozo
Physiol Rep, 2019-08-01;7(13):e14152.
Species: Mouse
Sample Types: Whole Cells
Applications: Bioassay, Cell Culture -
A GDF11/myostatin inhibitor, GDF11 propeptide-Fc, increases skeletal muscle mass and improves muscle strength in dystrophic mdx mice
Authors: Q Jin, C Qiao, J Li, B Xiao, J Li, X Xiao
Skelet Muscle, 2019-05-27;9(1):16.
Species: Human
Sample Types: Cell Lysates
Applications: Bioassay -
Identification of the minimum region of flatfish myostatin propeptide (Pep45-65) for myostatin inhibition and its potential to enhance muscle growth and performance in animals
Authors: JH Kim, JH Kim, LA Sutikno, SB Lee, DH Jin, YK Hong, YS Kim, HJ Jin
PLoS ONE, 2019-04-18;14(4):e0215298.
Species: Human
Sample Types: Whole Cells
Applications: Bioassay -
GDF8 enhances SOX2 expression and blastocyst total cell number in porcine IVF embryo development
Authors: JD Yoon, SU Hwang, M Kim, G Lee, Y Jeon, SH Hyun
Theriogenology, 2019-02-13;129(0):70-76.
Species: Porcine
Sample Types: Whole Tissue
Applications: Bioassay -
Myostatin and activin blockade by engineered follistatin results in hypertrophy and improves dystrophic pathology in mdx mouse more than myostatin blockade alone
Authors: A Iskenderia, N Liu, Q Deng, Y Huang, C Shen, K Palmieri, R Crooker, D Lundberg, N Kastrapeli, B Pescatore, A Romashko, J Dumas, R Comeau, A Norton, J Pan, H Rong, K Derakhchan, DE Ehmann
Skelet Muscle, 2018-10-27;8(1):34.
Species: Mouse
Sample Types: Serum
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Biological scaffold-mediated delivery of myostatin inhibitor promotes a regenerative immune response in an animal model of Duchenne muscular dystrophy
Authors: KM Estrellas, L Chung, LA Cheu, K Sadtler, S Majumdar, J Mula, MT Wolf, JH Elisseeff, KR Wagner
J. Biol. Chem., 2018-08-23;0(0):.
Species: Mouse
Sample Types: In Vivo
Applications: In Vivo -
JNK regulates muscle remodeling via myostatin/SMAD inhibition
Authors: SJ Lessard, TL MacDonald, P Pathak, MS Han, VG Coffey, J Edge, DA Rivas, MF Hirshman, RJ Davis, LJ Goodyear
Nat Commun, 2018-08-02;9(1):3030.
Species: Mouse
Sample Types: Whole Cells
Applications: Bioassay -
Inhibition of the Activin Receptor Type-2B Pathway Restores Regenerative Capacity in Satellite Cell-Depleted Skeletal Muscle
Authors: L Formicola, A Pannérec, RM Correra, B Gayraud-Mo, D Ollitrault, V Besson, S Tajbakhsh, J Lachey, JS Seehra, G Marazzi, DA Sassoon
Front Physiol, 2018-05-24;9(0):515.
Species: Mouse
Sample Types: Whole Cells
Applications: Bioassay -
Relative abundance of mature myostatin rather than total myostatin is negatively associated with bone mineral density in Chinese
Authors: LF Wu, DC Zhu, BH Wang, YH Lu, P He, YH Zhang, HQ Gao, XW Zhu, W Xia, H Zhu, XB Mo, X Lu, L Zhang, YH Zhang, FY Deng, SF Lei
J. Cell. Mol. Med., 2017-12-16;0(0):.
Species: Human
Sample Types: Whole Cells
Applications: Bioassay -
The histone deacetylase SIRT6 blocks myostatin expression and development of muscle atrophy
Authors: SA Samant, A Kanwal, VB Pillai, R Bao, MP Gupta
Sci Rep, 2017-09-19;7(1):11877.
Species: Mouse
Sample Types: Whole Cells
Applications: Bioassay -
Specific targeting of TGF-? family ligands demonstrates distinct roles in the regulation of muscle mass in health and disease
Authors: JL Chen, KL Walton, A Hagg, TD Colgan, K Johnson, H Qian, P Gregorevic, CA Harrison
Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A., 2017-06-12;0(0):.
Species: Human
Sample Types: Whole Cells
Applications: Bioassay -
Activin A more prominently regulates muscle mass in primates than does GDF8
Authors: E Latres, J Mastaitis, W Fury, L Miloscio, J Trejos, J Pangilinan, H Okamoto, K Cavino, E Na, A Papatheodo, T Willer, Y Bai, J Hae Kim, A Rafique, S Jaspers, T Stitt, AJ Murphy, GD Yancopoulo, J Gromada
Nat Commun, 2017-04-28;8(0):15153.
Species: Human
Sample Types: Recombinant Protein
Applications: Surface Plasmon Resonance -
A multiplexed immunocapture liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry assay for the simultaneous measurement of myostatin and GDF-11 in rat serum using an automated sample preparation platform
Authors: Y Zhao, G Liu, FC Zambito, YJ Zhang, BS DeSilva, AT Kozhich, JX Shen
Anal. Chim. Acta, 2017-04-26;979(0):36-44.
Species: Rat
Sample Types: Serum
Applications: Bioassay -
Maltose binding protein-fusion enhances the bioactivity of truncated forms of pig myostatin propeptide produced in E. coli
Authors: SB Lee, SK Park, YS Kim
PLoS ONE, 2017-04-03;12(4):e0174956.
Species: Human
Sample Types: Whole Cells
Applications: Bioassay -
Supraphysiological levels of GDF11 induce striated muscle atrophy
Authors: DW Hammers, M Merscham-B, JY Hsiao, S Engst, JJ Hartman, HL Sweeney
EMBO Mol Med, 2017-04-01;0(0):.
Species: Human, Mouse
Sample Types: Whole Cells
Applications: Bioassay -
Structural basis for potency differences between GDF8 and GDF11
Authors: RG Walker, M Czepnik, EJ Goebel, JC McCoy, A Vujic, M Cho, J Oh, S Aykul, KL Walton, G Schang, DJ Bernard, AP Hinck, CA Harrison, E Martinez-H, AJ Wagers, RT Lee, TB Thompson
BMC Biol, 2017-03-03;15(1):19.
Species: Human, Mouse
Sample Types: In Vivo, Whole Cells
Applications: Bioassay, In Vivo -
Myostatin propeptide mutation of the hypermuscular Compact mice decreases the formation of myostatin and improves insulin sensitivity
Authors: Tamas Kocsis
Am. J. Physiol. Endocrinol. Metab, 2016-12-13;0(0):ajpendo.00216.
Applications: Control -
Myostatin blockade with a fully human monoclonal antibody induces muscle hypertrophy and reverses muscle atrophy in young and aged mice.
Authors: Latres E, Pangilinan J, Miloscio L, Bauerlein R, Na E, Potocky T, Huang Y, Eckersdorff M, Rafique A, Mastaitis J, Lin C, Murphy A, Yancopoulos G, Gromada J, Stitt T
Skelet Muscle, 2015-10-09;5(0):34.
Species: Human
Sample Types: Whole Cells
Applications: Bioassay -
A Key Role for Leukemia Inhibitory Factor in C26 Cancer Cachexia.
Authors: Seto D, Kandarian S, Jackman R
J Biol Chem, 2015-06-19;290(32):19976-86.
Species: Mouse
Sample Types: Whole Cells
Applications: Bioassay -
Small molecules dorsomorphin and LDN-193189 inhibit myostatin/GDF8 signaling and promote functional myoblast differentiation.
Authors: Horbelt D, Boergermann J, Chaikuad A, Alfano I, Williams E, Lukonin I, Timmel T, Bullock A, Knaus P
J Biol Chem, 2014-11-03;290(6):3390-404.
Species: Human
Sample Types: Whole Cells
Applications: Bioassay -
Blockade of ActRIIB signaling triggers muscle fatigability and metabolic myopathy.
Authors: Relizani K, Mouisel E, Giannesini B, Hourde C, Patel K, Morales Gonzalez S, Julich K, Vignaud A, Pietri-Rouxel F, Fortin D, Garcia L, Blot S, Ritvos O, Bendahan D, Ferry A, Ventura-Clapier R, Schuelke M, Amthor H
Mol Ther, 2014-05-27;22(8):1423-33.
Species: Mouse
Sample Types: Whole Cells
Applications: Bioassay -
Myostatin regulates energy homeostasis in the heart and prevents heart failure.
Authors: Biesemann N, Mendler L, Wietelmann A, Hermann S, Schafers M, Kruger M, Boettger T, Borchardt T, Braun T
Circ Res, 2014-05-07;115(2):296-310.
Species: Mouse
Sample Types: Whole Cells
Applications: Bioassay -
Screening with a novel cell-based assay for TAZ activators identifies a compound that enhances myogenesis in C2C12 cells and facilitates muscle repair in a muscle injury model.
Authors: Yang, Zeyu, Nakagawa, Kentaro, Sarkar, Aradhan, Maruyama, Junichi, Iwasa, Hiroaki, Bao, Yijun, Ishigami-Yuasa, Mari, Ito, Shigeru, Kagechika, Hiroyuki, Hata, Shoji, Nishina, Hiroshi, Abe, Shinya, Kitagawa, Masanobu, Hata, Yutaka
Mol Cell Biol, 2014-02-18;34(9):1607-21.
Species: Mouse
Sample Types: Whole Cells
Applications: Bioassay -
Myostatin stimulates, not inihibits, C2C12 myoblast proliferation.
Authors: Rodgers B, Wiedeback B, Hoversten K, Jackson M, Walker R, Thompson T
Endocrinology, 2014-01-01;155(3):670-5.
Species: Mouse
Sample Types: Whole Cells
Applications: Bioassay -
Self-renewal of embryonic-stem-cell-derived progenitors by organ-matched mesenchyme.
Authors: Sneddon, Julie B, Borowiak, Malgorza, Melton, Douglas
Nature, 2012-10-07;491(7426):765-8.
Species: Human
Sample Types: Whole Cells
Applications: Cell Culture -
Widespread potential for growth-factor-driven resistance to anticancer kinase inhibitors.
Authors: Wilson TR, Fridlyand J, Yan Y, Penuel E, Burton L, Chan E, Peng J, Lin E, Wang Y, Sosman J, Ribas A, Li J, Moffat J, Sutherlin DP, Koeppen H, Merchant M, Neve R, Settleman J
Nature, 2012-07-26;487(7408):505-9.
Species: Human
Sample Types: Whole Cells
Applications: Bioassay -
Analysis of the effects of androgens and training on myostatin propeptide and follistatin concentrations in blood and skeletal muscle using highly sensitive Immuno PCR.
Authors: Diel P, Schiffer T, Geisler S, Hertrampf T, Mosler S, Schulz S, Wintgens KF, Adler M
Mol. Cell. Endocrinol., 2010-08-27;330(1):1-9.
Applications: ELISA (Standard) -
Loss-of-function mutation in myostatin reduces tumor necrosis factor alpha production and protects liver against obesity-induced insulin resistance.
Authors: Wilkes JJ, Lloyd DJ, Gekakis N
Diabetes, 2009-02-10;58(5):1133-43.
Species: Mouse
Sample Types: In Vivo
Applications: In Vivo -
A new model for growth factor activation: type II receptors compete with the prodomain for BMP-7.
Authors: Sengle G, Ono RN, Lyons KM, Bachinger HP, Sakai LY
J. Mol. Biol., 2008-07-02;381(4):1025-39.
Species: Human
Sample Types: Recombinant Protein
Applications: ELISA Developmet, Surface Plasmon Resonance -
Targeting of bone morphogenetic protein growth factor complexes to fibrillin.
Authors: Sengle G, Charbonneau NL, Ono RN, Sasaki T, Alvarez J, Keene DR, Bachinger HP, Sakai LY
J. Biol. Chem., 2008-03-13;283(20):13874-88.
Species: Human
Sample Types: Recombinant Protein
Applications: Binding Assay, Surface Plasmon Resonance -
Gene transfer demonstrates that muscle is not a primary target for non-cell-autonomous toxicity in familial amyotrophic lateral sclerosis.
Authors: Miller TM, Kim SH, Yamanaka K, Hester M, Umapathi P, Arnson H, Rizo L, Mendell JR, Gage FH, Cleveland DW, Kaspar BK
Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A., 2006-12-12;103(51):19546-51.
Species: Mouse
Sample Types: Whole Cells
Applications: Bioassay -
Muscular atrophy of caveolin-3-deficient mice is rescued by myostatin inhibition.
Authors: Ohsawa Y, Hagiwara H, Nakatani M, Yasue A, Moriyama K, Murakami T, Tsuchida K, Noji S, Sunada Y
J. Clin. Invest., 2006-10-12;116(11):2924-34.
Species: Human
Sample Types: Whole Cells
Applications: Bioassay -
Follistatin complexes Myostatin and antagonises Myostatin-mediated inhibition of myogenesis.
Authors: Amthor H, Nicholas G, McKinnell I, Kemp CF, Sharma M, Kambadur R, Patel K
Dev. Biol., 2004-06-01;270(1):19-30.
Species: Chicken
Sample Types: Whole Tissue
Applications: Bioassay
FAQs
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Is Recombinant Human/Mouse/Rat GDF-8/Myostatin Protein (Catalog # 788-G8) the mature form of GDF8?
The mature form of GDF8 consists of a disulfide-linked homodimer. Catalog 788-G8 consists of Asp268-Ser376. There are multiple disulfide bonds within this sequence, which form a disulfide-linked heterodimer with another Asp268-Ser376 molecule.
Reviews for Recombinant Human/Mouse/Rat GDF-8/Myostatin Protein
Average Rating: 4.3 (Based on 3 Reviews)
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Reason for Rating: I had used the recombinant GDF-8/Myostatin as a positive control for my immunoblotting experiments. The recombinant GDF-8/myostatin at 1μg concentration produced a strong signal just above 20kDa.
Upon receipt of the recombinant myostatin, i reconstituted it in 4 mM HCl.
I had loaded 1μg of recombinant myostatin/GDF8 into a Bio-Rad PROTEAN TGX 4-15% gel, performed electrophoresis with NuPAGE MES buffer and blotted the gel onto 0.2μm nitrocellulose membrane.
For the immuno-detection, I had used the R&D systems goat polyclonal GDF8 antibody (BAF788) at 0.1 or 0.25 µg/mL concentration, and the R&D system anti-goat secondary antibody (HAF017) at 1:4000 dilution.
