Recombinant Human TIM-3 Fc Chimera Protein, CF Summary
Product Specifications
Human TIM-3 (Ser22-Arg200) Accession # Q8TDQ0 |
IEGRMD | Human IgG1 (Pro100-Lys330) |
N-terminus | C-terminus | |
Analysis
Product Datasheets
Carrier Free
CF stands for Carrier Free (CF). We typically add Bovine Serum Albumin (BSA) as a carrier protein to our recombinant proteins. Adding a carrier protein enhances protein stability, increases shelf-life, and allows the recombinant protein to be stored at a more dilute concentration. The carrier free version does not contain BSA.
In general, we advise purchasing the recombinant protein with BSA for use in cell or tissue culture, or as an ELISA standard. In contrast, the carrier free protein is recommended for applications, in which the presence of BSA could interfere.
2365-TM
Formulation | Lyophilized from a 0.2 μm filtered solution in PBS. |
Reconstitution | Reconstitute at 100 μg/mL in sterile PBS. |
Shipping | The product is shipped at ambient temperature. Upon receipt, store it immediately at the temperature recommended below. |
Stability & Storage: | Use a manual defrost freezer and avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
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Reconstitution Calculator
Background: TIM-3
TIM-3 (T cell immunoglobulin and mucin domain-3), also known as HAVCR2, is a 60 kDa member of the TIM family of immune regulating molecules. TIMs are type I transmembrane glycoproteins with one Ig-like V-type domain and a Ser/Thr-rich mucin stalk region (1, 2). Mature human TIM-3 consists of a 181 amino acid (aa) extracellular domain (ECD), a 21 aa transmembrane segment, and a 78 aa cytoplasmic tail (3). An alternatively spliced isoform is truncated within the mucin-like stalk. Within the ECD, human TIM-3 shares 58% aa sequence identity with mouse and rat TIM-3. TIM-3 is up‑regulated on several populations of activated myeloid cells (macrophage, monocyte, dendritic cell, microglia, mast cell) and T cells (Th1, CD8+, NK, Treg) (3-10). Its binding to Galectin-9 induces a range of immunosuppressive functions which enhance immune tolerance and inhibit anti-tumor immunity (11). TIM-3 ligation attenuates CD8+ and Th1 cell responses (11-13) and promotes the activity of Treg and myeloid derived suppressor cells (8, 11, 13, 14). In addition, dendritic cell-expressed TIM-3 dampens inflammation by enabling the phagocytosis of apoptotic cells and the cross-presentation of apoptotic cell antigens (4). It also binds the alarmin HMGB1, thereby preventing the activation of TLRs in response to released tumor cell DNA (7). TIM-3 interactions with Galectin-9 can alternatively trigger immune stimulatory effects, such as the coactivation of NK cell cytotoxicity (10).
- Sakuishi, K. et al. (2011) Trends Immunol. 32:345.
- Anderson, A.C. (2012) Curr. Opin. Immunol. 24:213.
- Monney, L. et al. (2002) Nature 415:536.
- Nakayama, M. et al. (2009) Blood 113:3821.
- Anderson, A.C. et al. (2007) Science 318:1141.
- Wiener, Z. et al. (2007) J. Invest. Dermatol. 127:906.
- Chiba, S. et al. (2012) Nat. Immunol. 13:832.
- Sanchez-Fueyo, A. et al. (2003) Nat. Immunol. 4:1093.
- Ndhlovu, L.C. et al. (2012) Blood 119:3734.
- Gleason, M.K. et al. (2012) Blood 119:3064.
- Zhu, C. et al. (2005) Nat. Immunol. 6:1245.
- Sakhdari, A. et al. (2012) PLoS ONE 7:e40146.
- Sabatos, C.A. et al. (2003) Nat. Immunol. 4:1102.
- Dardalhon, V. et al. (2010) J. Immunol. 185:1383.
Citations for Recombinant Human TIM-3 Fc Chimera Protein, CF
R&D Systems personnel manually curate a database that contains references using R&D Systems products. The data collected includes not only links to publications in PubMed, but also provides information about sample types, species, and experimental conditions.
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Citations: Showing 1 - 10
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TIM-3 drives temporal differences in restimulation-induced cell death sensitivity in effector CD8+ T cells in conjunction with CEACAM1
Authors: CM Lake, K Voss, BM Bauman, K Pohida, T Jiang, G Dveksler, AL Snow
Cell Death & Disease, 2021-04-14;12(4):400.
Species: Human
Sample Types: Whole Cells
Applications: Bioassay -
Soluble TIM3 and Its Ligands Galectin-9 and CEACAM1 Are in Disequilibrium During Alcohol-Related Liver Disease and Promote Impairment of Anti-bacterial Immunity
Authors: A Riva, E Palma, D Devshi, D Corrigall, H Adams, N Heaton, K Menon, M Preziosi, A Zamalloa, R Miquel, JM Ryan, G Wright, S Fairclough, A Evans, D Shawcross, R Schierwage, S Klein, FE Uschner, M Praktiknjo, K Katzarov, T Hadzhiolov, S Pavlova, M Simonova, J Trebicka, R Williams, S Chokshi
Frontiers in Physiology, 2021-03-10;12(0):632502.
Species: Human
Sample Types: Whole Cells
Applications: Bioassay -
Dietary, nondigestible oligosaccharides and Bifidobacterium breve M-16V suppress allergic inflammation in intestine via targeting dendritic cell maturation
Authors: S de Kivit, AI Kostadinov, J Kerperien, ME Morgan, VA Muruzabal, GA Hofman, LMJ Knippels, AD Kraneveld, J Garssen, LEM Willemsen
J. Leukoc. Biol., 2017-05-11;0(0):.
Species: Human
Sample Types: Whole Cells
Applications: Bioassay -
Tim-3 protects decidual stromal cells from toll-like receptor-mediated apoptosis and inflammatory reactions and promotes Th2 bias at the maternal-fetal interface.
Authors: Wang S, Cao C, Piao H, Li Y, Tao Y, Zhang X, Zhang D, Sun C, Zhu R, Wang Y, Yuan M, Li D, Du M
2015-03-11;0(0):.
Species: Human
Sample Types: Whole Cells
Applications: Bioassay -
Broad spectrum activity of a lectin-like bacterial serine protease family on human leukocytes.
Authors: Ayala-Lujan, Jorge Lu, Vijayakumar, Vidhya, Gong, Mei, Smith, Rachel, Santiago, Araceli, Ruiz-Perez, Fernando
PLoS ONE, 2014-09-24;9(9):e107920.
Species: Bacteria, Human
Sample Types: Protein, Whole Cells
Applications: Enzyme Assay, Enzyme Assay Substrate -
Galectin-9 enhances cytokine secretion, but suppresses survival and degranulation, in human mast cell line.
Authors: Kojima R, Ohno T, Iikura M, Niki T, Hirashima M, Iwaya K, Tsuda H, Nonoyama S, Matsuda A, Saito H, Matsumoto K, Nakae S
PLoS ONE, 2014-01-20;9(1):e86106.
Species: Human
Sample Types: Whole Cells
Applications: Bioassay -
TIM-3 does not act as a receptor for galectin-9.
Authors: Leitner, Judith, Rieger, Armin, Pickl, Winfried, Zlabinger, Gerhard, Grabmeier-Pfistershammer, Katharin, Steinberger, Peter
PLoS Pathog, 2013-03-21;9(3):e1003253.
Species: Mouse
Sample Types: Whole Cells
Applications: Bioassay -
Upregulation of the tim-3/galectin-9 pathway of T cell exhaustion in chronic hepatitis B virus infection.
Authors: Nebbia G, Peppa D, Schurich A, Khanna P, Singh H, Cheng Y, Rosenberg W, Dusheiko G, Gilson R, Chinaleong J, Kennedy P, Maini M
PLoS ONE, 2012-10-24;7(10):e47648.
Species: Human
Sample Types: Whole Cells
Applications: Bioassay -
Blockade of Tim-3 signaling restores the virus-specific CD8+ T-cell response in patients with chronic hepatitis B.
Authors: Wu W, Shi Y, Li S, Zhang Y, Liu Y, Wu Y, Chen Z
Eur. J. Immunol., 2012-05-01;42(5):1180-91.
Species: Human
Sample Types: Whole Cells
Applications: Bioassay -
Gene-trap mutagenesis identifies mammalian genes contributing to intoxication by Clostridium perfringens epsilon-toxin.
Authors: Ivie SE, Fennessey CM, Sheng J, Rubin DH, McClain MS
PLoS ONE, 2011-03-11;6(3):e17787.
Species: Human
Sample Types: Buffer
Applications: Binding Assay -
Dysregulation of TIM-3-Galectin-9 Pathway in the Cystic Fibrosis Airways.
Authors: Vega-Carrascal I, Reeves EP, Niki T, Arikawa T, McNally P, O'Neill SJ, Hirashima M, McElvaney NG
J. Immunol., 2011-01-24;0(0):.
Species: Human
Sample Types: BALF, Whole Cells
Applications: Bioassay, Enzyme Assay
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