Recombinant Mouse Activin C Protein Summary
Product Specifications
Gly237-Ser352
Analysis
Product Datasheets
Carrier Free
CF stands for Carrier Free (CF). We typically add Bovine Serum Albumin (BSA) as a carrier protein to our recombinant proteins. Adding a carrier protein enhances protein stability, increases shelf-life, and allows the recombinant protein to be stored at a more dilute concentration. The carrier free version does not contain BSA.
In general, we advise purchasing the recombinant protein with BSA for use in cell or tissue culture, or as an ELISA standard. In contrast, the carrier free protein is recommended for applications, in which the presence of BSA could interfere.
489-AC
Formulation | Lyophilized from a 0.2 μm filtered solution in HCl with BSA as a carrier protein. |
Reconstitution | Reconstitute at 100 μg/mL in 4 mM HCl. |
Shipping | The product is shipped at ambient temperature. Upon receipt, store it immediately at the temperature recommended below. |
Stability & Storage: | Use a manual defrost freezer and avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
|
489-AC/CF
Formulation | Lyophilized from a 0.2 μm filtered solution in HCl. |
Reconstitution | Reconstitute at 100 μg/mL in 4 mM HCl. |
Shipping | The product is shipped at ambient temperature. Upon receipt, store it immediately at the temperature recommended below. |
Stability & Storage: | Use a manual defrost freezer and avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
|
Reconstitution Calculator
Background: Activin C
Activins and Inhibins are TGF‑ beta superfamily proteins that regulate a wide range of processes including mesoderm induction, reproductive system development and function, liver growth and regeneration, wound healing, and inflammation. Activins signal through heterodimeric receptor complexes composed of type I (Activin RIA or RIB) and type II (Activin RIIA or RIIB) transmembrane Ser/Thr kinases. There are four human Inhibin beta subunits ( beta A, beta B, beta C, and beta E) and a single Inhibin alpha subunit, each of which adopts a cysteine-knot structure (1‑3). Activins are disulfide-linked homodimers or heterodimers of beta subunits, while Inhibins contain the alpha subunit and beta A or beta B. Mouse beta C consists of an 18 aa signal sequence, a 218 aa propeptide, and a 116 aa mature segment (4, 5). Mature mouse beta C shares 52%, 52%, and 63% aa sequence identity with mouse beta A, beta B, and beta E, respectively. It shares 93% and 94% aa sequence identity with human and rat beta C, respectively. The expression of beta C is restricted compared to the widespread distribution of beta A and beta B. Activin C is expressed as an approximately 20 kDa dimer predominantly by hepatocytes but also by multiple cell types in the male and female reproductive tracts, posterior pituitary and adrenal glands, and nociceptive afferent dorsal root ganglia neurons (6‑8). The beta C subunit regulates Activin induced effects in a variety of systems by forming intracellular dimers with the beta A subunit and impeding the release of Activins A and AB (9, 10). It also functions extracellularly by interfering with Activin A‑receptor interactions (7, 8, 9). beta C can additionally form heterodimers with the beta B or beta E subunits (10, 12, 13).
- Butler, C.M. et al. (2005) Cytokine Growth Factor Rev. 16:377.
- Werner, S. and C. Alzheimer (2006) Cytokine Growth Factor Rev. 17:157.
- Walton, K.L. et al. (2012) Mol. Cell. Endocrinol. 359:2.
- Fang, J. et al. (1997) Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 231:655.
- Schmitt, J. et al. (1996) Genomics 32:358.
- Gold, E.J. et al. (2004) Mol. Cell. Endocrinol. 222:61.
- Wada, W. et al. (2004) Am. J. Physiol. Endocrinol. Metab. 287:E247.
- Liu, X.-J. et al. (2012) Brain 135:391.
- Mellor, S.L. et al. (2003) Endocrinology 144:4410.
- Mellor S.L. et al. (2000) J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab. 85:4851.
- Gold, E. et al. (2009) Am. J. Pathol. 174:184.
- Vejda, S. et al. (2002) J. Mol. Endocrinol. 28:137.
- Wada, W. et al. (2005) Endocr. J. 52:169.
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