Recombinant Mouse Pentraxin 3/TSG-14 Protein Summary
Product Specifications
Glu18-Ser381, with a C-terminal 6-His tag
Analysis
Product Datasheets
Carrier Free
CF stands for Carrier Free (CF). We typically add Bovine Serum Albumin (BSA) as a carrier protein to our recombinant proteins. Adding a carrier protein enhances protein stability, increases shelf-life, and allows the recombinant protein to be stored at a more dilute concentration. The carrier free version does not contain BSA.
In general, we advise purchasing the recombinant protein with BSA for use in cell or tissue culture, or as an ELISA standard. In contrast, the carrier free protein is recommended for applications, in which the presence of BSA could interfere.
2166-TS
Formulation | Lyophilized from a 0.2 μm filtered solution in MOPS, NaCl and CaCl2 with BSA as a carrier protein. |
Reconstitution | Reconstitute at 100 μg/mL in sterile PBS containing at least 0.1% human or bovine serum albumin. |
Shipping | The product is shipped at ambient temperature. Upon receipt, store it immediately at the temperature recommended below. |
Stability & Storage: | Use a manual defrost freezer and avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
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2166-TS/CF
Formulation | Lyophilized from a 0.2 μm filtered solution in MOPS, NaCl and CaCl2. |
Reconstitution | Reconstitute at 100 μg/mL in sterile PBS. |
Shipping | The product is shipped at ambient temperature. Upon receipt, store it immediately at the temperature recommended below. |
Stability & Storage: | Use a manual defrost freezer and avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
|
Reconstitution Calculator
Background: Pentraxin 3/TSG-14
Pentraxin 3, also known as TSG-14, was initially identified as a TNF-alpha or IL-1 beta inducible gene (1 - 3). It belongs to the pentraxin family, which was named originally for the homo-pentameric structure formed by its members (4). The pentraxin family is divided into two subfamilies: the “short” and the “long” pentraxins with approximate molecular weights of 25 kDa and 50 kDa, respectively. TSG-14 is a member of the long pentraxin subfamily, which also includes the Xenopus laevis XL-PXN1, the guinea pig apexin/p50, the rat neuronal pentraxin I (NPI) and NPR, the human neuronal pentraxin II (NPTX2) and the human neuronal activity-related pentraxin (5).
Mature secreted PTX3 contains a pentaxin-like domain at its carboxy-terminus that shares 23 - 28% amino acid (aa) sequence similarity to C-reactive protein (CRP) and serum amyloid P component (SAP), which belong to the short pentraxin subfamily. However, the N-terminal sequence of TSG-14 does not share aa sequence homology with any of the “short” pentaxins (3). Unlike CRP and SAP, which forms pentamers only, TSG-14 forms both pentameric and higher ordered oligomers (5). Similar to CRP and SAP, TSG-14 binds to the complement cascade component C1q (6). However, TSG-14 does not bind to phosphoethanolamine, phosphocholine, or high pyruvate agarose, which are known ligands for CRP and SAP. While CRP and SAP are primarily produced in the liver, TSG-14 expression is strongly upregulated by TNF-alpha, IL-1 beta, and bacterial LPS in peripheral fibroblasts, endothelial cells, and macrophages (7). At the amino acid level, human and mouse TSG-14 share 88% aa sequence homology (8). TSG-14 concentration is elevated in the joint fluid of patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA), indicating that TSG-14 may be a potential mediator of immune response (9). TSG-14 may also function in the regulation of the uptake and clearance of apoptotic cells by dendritic cells (10). An in vivo study showed that TSG-14 transgenic mice are more resistant to sepsis and endotoxemia compared to wild-type during inflammatory injury (11). Increased expression of TSG-14 may enhance the immune response to protect the host from infection.
- Lee, T.H. et al. (1990) Mol. Cell. Biol. 10:1982.
- Breviario, F. et al. (1992) JBC. 267:22190.
- Lee, G.W. et al. (1993) J. Immunol. 150:1804.
- Osmand, A.P. et al. (1977) PNAS, USA 74:739.
- Goodman A.R. et al. (1996) Cytokine & Growth Factor Rev. 7:191.
- Bottazzi, B. et al. (1997) JBC. 272:32817.
- Introna, M. et al. (1996) Blood, 87:1862.
- Altmeyer, A. et al. (1995) J. Biol. Chem. 270:25584.
- Luchetti, M.M. et al. (2000) Clin. Exp. Immunol. 119:196.
- Rovere, P. et al. (2000) Blood 96:4300.
- Dias, A.A.M. et al. (2001) J. Leukocyte Biol. 69:928.
Citations for Recombinant Mouse Pentraxin 3/TSG-14 Protein
R&D Systems personnel manually curate a database that contains references using R&D Systems products. The data collected includes not only links to publications in PubMed, but also provides information about sample types, species, and experimental conditions.
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Inactivation of pentraxin 3 suppresses M2-like macrophage activity and immunosuppression in colon cancer
Authors: Chen, FW;Wu, YL;Cheng, CC;Hsiao, YW;Chi, JY;Hung, LY;Chang, CP;Lai, MD;Wang, JM;
Journal of biomedical science
Species: Mouse
Sample Types: Lung Perfusate
Applications: In Vivo -
Menin directs regionalized decidual transformation through epigenetically setting PTX3 to balance FGF and BMP signaling
Authors: M Liu, W Deng, L Tang, M Liu, H Bao, C Guo, C Zhang, J Lu, H Wang, Z Lu, S Kong
Nature Communications, 2022-02-22;13(1):1006.
Species: Mouse
Sample Types: Whole Cells
Applications: Bioassay -
The Long Pentraxin 3 (PTX3) Suppresses Immunity to Cutaneous Leishmaniasis by Regulating CD4+ T Helper Cell Response
Authors: G Gupta, Z Mou, P Jia, R Sharma, R Zayats, SM Viana, L Shan, A Barral, VS Boaventura, TT Murooka, A Soussi-Gou, CI de Oliveir, JE Uzonna
Cell Reports, 2020-12-15;33(11):108513.
Species: Transgenic Mouse
Sample Types: Whole Cells
Applications: Bioassay -
Pentraxin 3 contributes to neurogenesis after traumatic brain injury in mice
Authors: C Zhou, H Chen, JF Zheng, ZD Guo, ZJ Huang, Y Wu, JJ Zhong, XC Sun, CJ Cheng
Neural Regen Res, 2020-12-01;15(12):2318-2326.
Species: Mouse
Sample Types: In Vivo, Spheroid
Applications: Bioassay, In Vivo -
Role of pentraxin 3 in shaping arthritogenic alphaviral disease: from enhanced viral replication to immunomodulation.
Authors: Foo, Suan-Sin, Chen, Weiqiang, Taylor, Adam, Sheng, Kuo-Chin, Yu, Xing, Teng, Terk-Shi, Reading, Patrick, Blanchard, Helen, Garlanda, Cecilia, Mantovani, Alberto, Ng, Lisa F P, Herrero, Lara J, Mahalingam, Suresh
PLoS Pathog, 2015-02-19;11(2):e1004649.
Species: Mouse
Sample Types: Virus
Applications: Bioassay -
Pentraxin 3 mediates neurogenesis and angiogenesis after cerebral ischaemia.
Authors: Rodriguez-Grande B, Varghese L, Molina-Holgado F, Rajkovic O, Garlanda C, Denes A, Pinteaux E
J Neuroinflammation, 2015-01-24;12(0):15.
Species: Mouse
Sample Types: Whole Cells
Applications: Bioassay
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