Ruthenium Red
Chemical Name: Ammoniated ruthenium oxychloride
Biological Activity
Ruthenium Red blocks Ca2+ uptake and release from mitochondria, and Ca2+ release from ryanodine-sensitive intracellular stores. Also blocks cell membrane-located capsaicin-activated cation channels (IC50 = 14 nM) and voltage-sensitive Ca2+ channels to inhibit neurotransmitter release.Technical Data
The technical data provided above is for guidance only.
For batch specific data refer to the Certificate of Analysis.
Tocris products are intended for laboratory research use only, unless stated otherwise.
Background References
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Commensal Bacteria-Induced Inflammasome Activation in Mouse and Human Macrophages Is Dependent on Potassium Efflux but Does Not Require Phagocytosis or Bacterial Viability
PLoS ONE, 2016;11(8):e0160937. -
Mechanisms involved in dual vasopressin/apelin neuron dysfunction during aging.
Sauvant J, Delpech J, Palin K, De Mota N, Dudit J, Aubert A, Orcel H, Roux P, Laye S, Moos F, Llorens-Cortes C, Nadjar A
PLoS ONE, 2014;9(2):e87421. -
Activation of NLRP3 inflammasome by crystalline structures via cell surface contact.
Hari A, Zhang Y, Tu Z, Detampel P, Stenner M, Ganguly A, Shi Y
Sci Rep, 2014;4(0):7281. -
Pathway for uncoupler-induced calcium efflux in rat liver mitochondria: inhibition by ruthenium red.
Bernardi et al.
Biochemistry, 1984;23:1645 -
Ruthenium red as a capsaicin antagonist.
Amann and Maggi
Life Sci., 1991;49:849 -
Vanilloid (capsaicin) receptors and mechanisms.
Szallasi and Blumberg
Pharmacol.Rev., 1999;51:159 -
Ruthenium red modifies the cardiac and skeletal muscle Ca2+ release channels (ryanodine receptors) by multiple mechanisms.
Xu et al.
J.Biol.Chem., 1999;274:32680
Product Datasheets
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Citations for Ruthenium Red
The citations listed below are publications that use Tocris products. Selected citations for Ruthenium Red include:
18 Citations: Showing 1 - 10
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High-Frequency Microdomain Ca2+ Transients and Waves during Early Myelin Internode Remodeling.
Authors: Battefeld Et al.
Cell Rep 2019;26:182
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Mitochondrial permeability transition pore contributes to mitochondrial dysfunction in fibroblasts of patients with sporadic Alzheimer's disease.
Authors: P?rez
Redox Biol 2018;19:290
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Activation of TREK currents by riluzole in three subgroups of cultured mouse nodose ganglion neurons.
Authors: Fernandez-Fernandez Et al.
PLoS One 2018;13:e0199282
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BH3 mimetic-elicited Ca2+ signals in pancreatic acinar cells are dependent on Bax and can be reduced by Ca2+-like peptides.
Authors: Ferdek Et al.
Cell.Death.Dis. 2017;8:e2640
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Active Caspase-1 Induces Plasma Membrane Pores That Precede Pyroptotic Lysis and Are Blocked by Lanthanides
Authors: Russo Et al.
The Journal of Immunology 2016;197:1353
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Hypotonic stress induces RANKL via transient receptor potential melastatin 3 (TRPM3) and vaniloid 4 (TRPV4) in human PDL cells.
Authors: Son Et al.
J Dent Res 2015;94:473
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Alterations in serotonin, transient receptor potential channels and protease-activated receptors in rats with irritable bowel syndrome attenuated by Shugan decoction.
Authors: Shi Et al.
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2015;21:4852
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Glucagon Increases Beating Rate but Not Contractility in Rat Right Atrium. Comparison with isoprote.
Authors: Merino Et al.
Neuroreport 2015;10:e0132884
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Synergy between Piezo1 and Piezo2 channels confers high-strain mechanosensitivity to articular cartilage.
Authors: Lee Et al.
PLoS One 2014;111:E5114
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Sensory nerve terminal mitochondrial dysfunction activates airway sensory nerves via transient receptor potential (TRP) channels.
Authors: Nesuashvili Et al.
Mol Pharmacol 2013;83:1007
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Rapid Glucocorticoid-Induced Activation of TRP and CB1 Receptors Causes Biphasic Modulation of Glutamate Release in Gastric-Related Hypothalamic Preautonomic Neurons.
Authors: Boychuk Et al.
Front Neurosci 2013;7:3
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Small molecule positive allosteric modulation of TRPV1 activation by vanilloids and acidic pH.
Authors: Kaszás Et al.
J Neurosci 2012;340:152
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TRPV4 channels mediate the infrared laser-evoked response in sensory neurons.
Authors: Albert Et al.
J Neurophysiol 2012;107:3227
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TRPV4-mediated calcium influx into human bronchial epithelia upon exposure to diesel exhaust particles.
Authors: Li Et al.
Environ Health Perspect 2011;119:784
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Glutathione levels modulate domoic acid induced apoptosis in mouse cerebellar granule cells.
Authors: Giordano Et al.
Toxicol Sci 2007;100:433
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Ca2+ influx through mechanosensitive channels inhibits neurite outgrowth in opposition to other influx pathways and release from intracellular stores.
Authors: Jacques-Fricke Et al.
World J Gastroenterol 2006;26:5656
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Opioid-like actions of neuropeptide Y in rat substantia gelatinosa: Y1 suppression of inhibition and Y2 suppression of excitation.
Authors: Moran Et al.
J Neurophysiol 2004;92:3266
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Prefrontal cortex stimulation induces 2-arachidonoyl-glycerol-mediated suppression of excitation in DA neurons.
Authors: Melis Et al.
J Neurosci 2004;24:10707
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