Antibodies play a critical role in diagnostics and therapeutics. In these, and other applications, performance and consistency are critical. The capability to convert an existing hybridoma-derived antibody to a recombinant antibody, cloning of the antibody from B-cells and engineering the antibodies for specific applications offers many advantages. Among these are consistency, long-term supply, high yields, enhanced stability, and activity. As the industry moves towards dependence on recombinant antibody technologies, R&D Systems has been on the leading edge of the effort to advance the field of antibody engineering.