Human CCL4/MIP-1 beta DuoSet ELISA Summary
* Provided that the recommended microplates, buffers, diluents, substrates and solutions are used, and the assay is run as summarized in the Assay Procedure provided.
This DuoSet ELISA Development kit contains the basic components required for the development of sandwich ELISAs to measure natural and recombinant human CCL4/MIP-1beta. The suggested diluent is suitable for the analysis of most cell culture supernate samples. Diluents for complex matrices, such as serum and plasma, should be evaluated prior to use in this DuoSet.
Product Features
- Optimized capture and detection antibody pairings with recommended concentrations save lengthy development time
- Development protocols are provided to guide further assay optimization
- Assay can be customized to your specific needs
- Economical alternative to complete kits
Kit Content
- Capture Antibody
- Detection Antibody
- Recombinant Standard
- Streptavidin conjugated to horseradish-peroxidase (Streptavidin-HRP)
Other Reagents Required
DuoSet Ancillary Reagent Kit 2 (5 plates): (Catalog # DY008) containing 96 well microplates, plate sealers, substrate solution, stop solution, plate coating buffer (PBS), wash buffer, and Reagent Diluent Concentrate 2.
The components listed above may be purchased separately:
PBS: (Catalog # DY006), or 137 mM NaCl, 2.7 mM KCl, 8.1 mM Na2HPO4, 1.5 mM KH2PO4, pH 7.2 - 7.4, 0.2 µm filtered
Wash Buffer: (Catalog # WA126), or 0.05% Tween® 20 in PBS, pH 7.2-7.4
Reagent Diluent: (Catalog # DY995), or 1% BSA in PBS, pH 7.2-7.4, 0.2 µm filtered
Substrate Solution: 1:1 mixture of Color Reagent A (H2O2) and Color Reagent B (Tetramethylbenzidine) (Catalog # DY999)
Stop Solution: 2 N H2SO4 (Catalog # DY994)
Microplates: R&D Systems (Catalog # DY990)
Plate Sealers: ELISA Plate Sealers (Catalog # DY992)
Scientific Data
Product Datasheets
Preparation and Storage
Background: CCL4/MIP-1 beta
CCL4/MIP-1 beta is a beta chemokine that is secreted at sites of inflammation by activated leukocytes, lymphocytes, vascular endothelial cells, and pulmonary smooth muscle cells. It attracts a variety of immune cells to sites of microbial infection as well as to other pathologic inflammation such as allergic asthma and ischemic myocardium. CCL4 is secreted from activated monocytes as a heterodimer with CCL3/MIP-1 alpha. It signals through CCR5, and an N-terminally trimmed form additionally interacts with CCR1 and CCR2. In humans, the ability of CCL4 to bind CCR5 inhibits the cellular entry of M-tropic HIV-1 which utilizes CCR5 as a coreceptor.
Assay Procedure
GENERAL ELISA PROTOCOL
Plate Preparation
- Dilute the Capture Antibody to the working concentration in PBS without carrier protein. Immediately coat a 96-well microplate with 100 μL per well of the diluted Capture Antibody. Seal the plate and incubate overnight at room temperature.
- Aspirate each well and wash with Wash Buffer, repeating the process two times for a total of three washes. Wash by filling each well with Wash Buffer (400 μL) using a squirt bottle, manifold dispenser, or autowasher. Complete removal of liquid at each step is essential for good performance. After the last wash, remove any remaining Wash Buffer by aspirating or by inverting the plate and blotting it against clean paper towels.
- Block plates by adding 300 μL Reagent Diluent to each well. Incubate at room temperature for a minimum of 1 hour.
- Repeat the aspiration/wash as in step 2. The plates are now ready for sample addition.
Assay Procedure
- Add 100 μL of sample or standards in Reagent Diluent, or an appropriate diluent, per well. Cover with an adhesive strip and incubate 2 hours at room temperature.
- Repeat the aspiration/wash as in step 2 of Plate Preparation.
- Add 100 μL of the Detection Antibody, diluted in Reagent Diluent, to each well. Cover with a new adhesive strip and incubate 2 hours at room temperature.
- Repeat the aspiration/wash as in step 2 of Plate Preparation.
- Add 100 μL of the working dilution of Streptavidin-HRP to each well. Cover the plate and incubate for 20 minutes at room temperature. Avoid placing the plate in direct light.
- Repeat the aspiration/wash as in step 2.
- Add 100 μL of Substrate Solution to each well. Incubate for 20 minutes at room temperature. Avoid placing the plate in direct light.
- Add 50 μL of Stop Solution to each well. Gently tap the plate to ensure thorough mixing.
- Determine the optical density of each well immediately, using a microplate reader set to 450 nm. If wavelength correction is available, set to 540 nm or 570 nm. If wavelength correction is not available, subtract readings at 540 nm or 570 nm from the readings at 450 nm. This subtraction will correct for optical imperfections in the plate. Readings made directly at 450 nm without correction may be higher and less accurate.
Citations for Human CCL4/MIP-1 beta DuoSet ELISA
R&D Systems personnel manually curate a database that contains references using R&D Systems products. The data collected includes not only links to publications in PubMed, but also provides information about sample types, species, and experimental conditions.
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Citations: Showing 1 - 10
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Effect of progestin-based contraceptives on HIV-associated vaginal immune biomarkers and microbiome in adolescent girls
Authors: Nasr, MA;Aldous, A;Daniels, J;Joy, C;Capozzi, E;Yang, M;Moriarty, P;Emmanuel-Baker, V;Malcolm, S;Green, SJ;Gomez-Lobo, V;Ghosh, M;
PloS one
Species: Human
Sample Types: Vaginal Swab
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Delayed CCL23 response is associated with poor outcomes after cardiac arrest
Authors: deKay, JT;Chepurko, E;Chepurko, V;Knudsen, L;Lord, C;Searight, M;Tsibulnikov, S;Robich, MP;Sawyer, DB;Gagnon, DJ;May, T;Riker, R;Seder, DB;Ryzhov, S;
Cytokine
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Ventilatory support and inflammatory peptides in hospitalised patients with COVID-19: A prospective cohort trial
Authors: Gysan, MR;Milacek, C;Bal, C;Zech, A;Brugger, J;Milos, RI;Antoniewicz, L;Idzko, M;Gompelmann, D;
PloS one
Species: Human
Sample Types: Serum
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Size- and oxidative potential-dependent toxicity of environmentally relevant expanded polystyrene styrofoam microplastics to macrophages
Authors: Jeon, S;Jeon, JH;Jeong, J;Kim, G;Lee, S;Kim, S;Maruthupandy, M;Lee, K;Yang, SI;Cho, WS;
Journal of hazardous materials
Species: Human
Sample Types: Cell Culture Supernates
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Activation of the Innate Immune Checkpoint CLEC5A on Myeloid Cells in the Absence of Danger Signals Modulates Macrophages' Function but Does Not Trigger the Adaptive T Cell Immune Response
Authors: MJ Tosiek, K Groesser, A Pekcec, M Zwirek, G Murugesan, E Borges
Journal of Immunology Research, 2022-02-25;2022(0):9926305.
Species: Human
Sample Types: Cell Culture Supernates
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Inflammatory responses to metal oxide ceramic nanopowders
Authors: S Jamieson, A Mawdesley, D Deehan, J Kirby, J Holland, A Tyson-Capp
Scientific Reports, 2021-05-18;11(1):10531.
Species: Human
Sample Types: Cell Culture Supernates
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Gain-of-function variants in SYK cause immune dysregulation and systemic inflammation in humans and mice
Authors: L Wang, D Aschenbren, Z Zeng, X Cao, D Mayr, M Mehta, M Capitani, N Warner, J Pan, L Wang, Q Li, T Zuo, S Cohen-Keda, J Lu, RC Ardy, DJ Mulder, D Dissanayak, K Peng, Z Huang, X Li, Y Wang, X Wang, S Li, S Bullers, AN Gammage, K Warnatz, AI Schiefer, G Krivan, V Goda, WHA Kahr, M Lemaire, Genomics E, CY Lu, I Siddiqui, MG Surette, D Kotlarz, KR Engelhardt, HR Griffin, R Rottapel, H Decaluwe, RM Laxer, M Proietti, S Hambleton, S Elcombe, CH Guo, B Grimbacher, I Dotan, SC Ng, SA Freeman, SB Snapper, C Klein, K Boztug, Y Huang, D Li, HH Uhlig, AM Muise
Nature Genetics, 2021-03-29;53(4):500-510.
Species: Human
Sample Types: Cell Culture Supernates
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Adipocytokines in Untreated Newly Diagnosed Rheumatoid Arthritis: Association with Circulating Chemokines and Markers of Inflammation
Authors: GK Vasileiadi, AC Lundell, Y Zhang, K Andersson, I Gjertsson, A Rudin, C Maglio
Biomolecules, 2021-02-21;11(2):.
Species: Human
Sample Types: Plasma
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Clinical Relevance of the Anti-inflammatory Effects of Roflumilast on Human Bronchus: Potentiation by a Long-Acting Beta-2-Agonist
Authors: H Salvator, A Buenestado, M Brollo, E Naline, T Victoni, E Longchamp, H Tenor, S Grassin-De, P Devillier
Frontiers in Pharmacology, 2020-12-08;11(0):598702.
Species: Human
Sample Types: Cell Culture Supernates
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High circulating SDF-1and MCP-1 levels and genetic variations in CXCL12, CCL2 and CCR5: Prognostic signature of immune recovery status in treated HIV-positive patients
Authors: E Yeregui, C Viladés, P Domingo, A Ceausu, YM Pacheco, S Veloso, A Inciarte, J Vidal-Gonz, M Peraire, C Perpiñán, V Falcó, J Masip, V Alba, M Vargas, A Martí, L Reverté, J Mallolas, F Vidal, J Peraire, A Rull
EBioMedicine, 2020-11-06;62(0):103077.
Species: Human
Sample Types: Plasma
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Bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells promote colorectal cancer progression via CCR5
Authors: G Nishikawa, K Kawada, J Nakagawa, K Toda, R Ogawa, S Inamoto, R Mizuno, Y Itatani, Y Sakai
Cell Death Dis, 2019-03-19;10(4):264.
Species: Human
Sample Types: Serum
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CUDC-907 blocks multiple pro-survival signals and abrogates microenvironment protection in CLL
Authors: Y Chen, C Peubez, V Smith, S Xiong, G Kocsis-Fod, B Kennedy, S Wagner, C Balotis, S Jayne, MJS Dyer, S Macip
J. Cell. Mol. Med., 2018-10-24;0(0):.
Species: Human
Sample Types: Cell Culture Supernates
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New Insights into the Pro-Inflammatory Activities of Ang1 on Neutrophils: Induction of MIP-1? Synthesis and Release
PLoS ONE, 2016-09-15;11(9):e0163140.
Species: Human
Sample Types: Cell Culture Supernates
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Inflammatory and Angiogenic Factors at Mid-Pregnancy Are Associated with Spontaneous Preterm Birth in a Cohort of Tanzanian Women.
Authors: McDonald C, Darling A, Conroy A, Tran V, Cabrera A, Liles W, Wang M, Aboud S, Urassa W, Fawzi W, Kain K
PLoS ONE, 2015-08-06;10(8):e0134619.
Species: Human
Sample Types: Plasma
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Human intestinal epithelial cells respond to beta-glucans via Dectin-1 and Syk.
Authors: Cohen-Kedar S, Baram L, Elad H, Brazowski E, Guzner-Gur H, Dotan I
Eur J Immunol, 2014-10-27;44(12):3729-40.
Species: Human
Sample Types: Cell Culture Supernates
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Human B cells induce dendritic cell maturation and favour Th2 polarization by inducing OX-40 ligand.
Authors: Maddur M, Sharma M, Hegde P, Stephen-Victor E, Pulendran B, Kaveri S, Bayry J
Nat Commun, 2014-06-09;5(0):4092.
Species: Human
Sample Types: Cell Culture Supernates
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Human osteoarthritic cartilage shows reduced in vivo expression of IL-4, a chondroprotective cytokine that differentially modulates IL-1beta-stimulated production of chemokines and matrix-degrading enzymes in vitro.
Authors: Assirelli E, Pulsatelli L, Dolzani P, Platano D, Olivotto E, Filardo G, Trisolino G, Facchini A, Borzi R, Meliconi R
PLoS ONE, 2014-05-12;9(5):e96925.
Species: Human
Sample Types: Cell Culture Supernates
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Thrombin-cleaved fragments of osteopontin are overexpressed in malignant glial tumors and provide a molecular niche with survival advantage.
Authors: Yamaguchi Y, Shao Z, Sharif S, Du X, Myles T, Merchant M, Harsh G, Glantz M, Recht L, Morser J, Leung L
J Biol Chem, 2012-11-30;288(5):3097-111.
Species: Human
Sample Types: CSF
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A novel p38-MAPK signaling axis modulates neutrophil biology in head and neck cancer.
Authors: Dumitru CA, Fechner MK, Hoffmann TK
J. Leukoc. Biol., 2012-01-18;91(4):591-8.
Species: Human
Sample Types: Cell Culture Supernates
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CCL4L Polymorphisms and CCL4/CCL4L Serum Levels Are Associated with Psoriasis Severity.
Authors: Pedrosa E, Carretero-Iglesia L, Boada A, Colobran R, Faner R, Pujol-Autonell I, Palou E, Esteve A, Pujol-Borrell R, Ferrandiz C, Juan M, Carrascosa JM
J. Invest. Dermatol., 2011-05-26;131(9):1830-7.
Species: Human
Sample Types: Serum
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Human anti-inflammatory macrophages induce Foxp3+ GITR+ CD25+ regulatory T cells, which suppress via membrane-bound TGFbeta-1.
Authors: Savage ND, De Boer T, Walburg KV, Joosten SA, van Meijgaarden K, Geluk A, Ottenhoff TH
J. Immunol., 2008-08-01;181(3):2220-6.
Species: Human
Sample Types: Cell Culture Supernates
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Altered levels of CC chemokines during pulmonary CMV predict BOS and mortality post-lung transplantation.
Authors: Weigt SS, Elashoff RM, Keane MP, Strieter RM, Gomperts BN, Xue YY, Ardehali A, Gregson AL, Kubak B, Fishbein MC, Saggar R, Ross DJ, Lynch JP, Zisman DA, Belperio JA
Am. J. Transplant., 2008-07-01;8(7):1512-22.
Species: Human
Sample Types: BALF
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Fungal proteases induce Th2 polarization through limited dendritic cell maturation and reduced production of IL-12.
Authors: Lamhamedi-Cherradi SE, Martin RE, Ito T, Kheradmand F, Corry DB, Liu YJ, Moyle M
J. Immunol., 2008-05-01;180(9):6000-9.
Species: Human
Sample Types: Cell Culture Supernates
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Human epithelial cells establish direct antifungal defense through TLR4-mediated signaling.
Authors: Weindl G, Naglik JR, Kaesler S, Biedermann T, Hube B, Korting HC, Schaller M
J. Clin. Invest., 2007-12-01;117(12):3664-3672.
Species: Human
Sample Types: Cell Culture Supernates
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Successful HAART is associated with high B-chemokine levels in chronic HIV type 1-infected patients.
Authors: Brito A, Almeida A, Gonsalez CR, Mendonca M, Ferreira F, Fernandes SS, Duarte AJ, Casseb J
AIDS Res. Hum. Retroviruses, 2007-07-01;23(7):906-12.
Species: Human
Sample Types: Cell Culture Supernates
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Modification of TLR-induced activation of human dendritic cells by type I IFN: synergistic interaction with TLR4 but not TLR3 agonists.
Authors: Walker J, Tough DF
Eur. J. Immunol., 2006-07-01;36(7):1827-36.
Species: Human
Sample Types: Cell Culture Supernates
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Involvement of Fc gamma RI (CD64) in the mechanism of HIV-1 inhibition by polyclonal IgG purified from infected patients in cultured monocyte-derived macrophages.
Authors: Holl V, Hemmerter S, Burrer R, Schmidt S, Bohbot A, Aubertin AM, Moog C
J. Immunol., 2004-11-15;173(10):6274-83.
Species: Human
Sample Types: Cell Culture Supernates
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High avidity antigen-specific CTL identified by CD8-independent tetramer staining.
Authors: Choi EM, Chen JL, Wooldridge L, Salio M, Lissina A, Lissin N, Hermans IF, Silk JD, Mirza F, Palmowski MJ, Dunbar PR, Jakobsen BK, Sewell AK, Cerundolo V
J. Immunol., 2003-11-15;171(10):5116-23.
Species: Human
Sample Types: Cell Culture Supernates
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