Human IL-1ra/IL-1F3 DuoSet ELISA Summary
* Provided that the recommended microplates, buffers, diluents, substrates and solutions are used, and the assay is run as summarized in the Assay Procedure provided.
This DuoSet ELISA Development kit contains the basic components required for the development of sandwich ELISAs to measure natural and recombinant human IL-1ra/IL-1F3. The suggested diluent is suitable for the analysis of most cell culture supernate samples. Diluents for complex matrices, such as serum and plasma, should be evaluated prior to use in this DuoSet.
Product Features
- Optimized capture and detection antibody pairings with recommended concentrations save lengthy development time
- Development protocols are provided to guide further assay optimization
- Assay can be customized to your specific needs
- Economical alternative to complete kits
Kit Content
- Capture Antibody
- Detection Antibody
- Recombinant Standard
- Streptavidin conjugated to horseradish-peroxidase (Streptavidin-HRP)
Other Reagents Required
DuoSet Ancillary Reagent Kit 2 (5 plates): (Catalog # DY008) containing 96 well microplates, plate sealers, substrate solution, stop solution, plate coating buffer (PBS), wash buffer, and Reagent Diluent Concentrate 2.
The components listed above may be purchased separately:
PBS: (Catalog # DY006), or 137 mM NaCl, 2.7 mM KCl, 8.1 mM Na2HPO4, 1.5 mM KH2PO4, pH 7.2 - 7.4, 0.2 µm filtered
Wash Buffer: (Catalog # WA126), or 0.05% Tween® 20 in PBS, pH 7.2-7.4
Reagent Diluent: (Catalog # DY995), or 1% BSA in PBS, pH 7.2-7.4, 0.2 µm filtered
Substrate Solution: 1:1 mixture of Color Reagent A (H2O2) and Color Reagent B (Tetramethylbenzidine) (Catalog # DY999)
Stop Solution: 2 N H2SO4 (Catalog # DY994)
Microplates: R&D Systems (Catalog # DY990)
Plate Sealers: ELISA Plate Sealers (Catalog # DY992)
Scientific Data
Product Datasheets
Preparation and Storage
Background: IL-1ra/IL-1F3
Interleukin-1 receptor antagonist (IL-1ra; also known as IL-1F3) is a 22-25 kDa member of the IL-1 family of cytokines. Currently, there are 11 family members (IL-1F1-F11), nine of which form an IL-1 gene cluster on human Ch2 (1-3). Each IL-1 family member contains an IL-1 fold. This fold is generated by 12 packed beta -sheets that interact to form a beta -trefoil structure. Little amino acid (aa) homology is required to achieve this structure, and this explains the low aa identity among IL-1 family members. IL-1ra is a pure cytokine receptor antagonist that has no signal transduction-initiating activity (4). It is an acute phase protein that exists to dampen inflammation. IL-1( beta ) is initially produced by monocytes in response to a variety of stimuli. Circulating IL-1 then binds to widely expressed IL-1 type I receptors (IL-1 RI) and initiates a number of pro-inflammatory events. On endothelial cells (EC), IL-1 induces PGE2 and IL-6 release, generating fever, thrombocytosis, and hepatic acute phase protein production. In synovial joints, IL-1 induces chondrocyte NO production, an event that leads to reduced collagen synthesis and chondrocyte apoptosis. Finally, IL-1 increases neutrophil counts, both in blood and tissue, and thus is able to promote a pro-inflammatory environment in multiple locations (5-8). IL-1ra blocks IL-1 action through competitive inhibition. More correctly, although IL-1ra fills the IL-1 binding site in IL-1 RI, it is also unable to orchestrate the creation of a signal-transducing IL-1 RI:IL-1 R Accessory protein (IL-1 R AcP) heterodimer complex. Effective IL-1ra concentrations are generally 100-fold greater than local IL-1 concentrations. This is because the IL-1ra half-life is but 6 minutes, and very few IL-1 type I receptors need to be engaged by IL-1 to elicit a cellular response (5, 7, 9).
Assay Procedure
GENERAL ELISA PROTOCOL
Plate Preparation
- Dilute the Capture Antibody to the working concentration in PBS without carrier protein. Immediately coat a 96-well microplate with 100 μL per well of the diluted Capture Antibody. Seal the plate and incubate overnight at room temperature.
- Aspirate each well and wash with Wash Buffer, repeating the process two times for a total of three washes. Wash by filling each well with Wash Buffer (400 μL) using a squirt bottle, manifold dispenser, or autowasher. Complete removal of liquid at each step is essential for good performance. After the last wash, remove any remaining Wash Buffer by aspirating or by inverting the plate and blotting it against clean paper towels.
- Block plates by adding 300 μL Reagent Diluent to each well. Incubate at room temperature for a minimum of 1 hour.
- Repeat the aspiration/wash as in step 2. The plates are now ready for sample addition.
Assay Procedure
- Add 100 μL of sample or standards in Reagent Diluent, or an appropriate diluent, per well. Cover with an adhesive strip and incubate 2 hours at room temperature.
- Repeat the aspiration/wash as in step 2 of Plate Preparation.
- Add 100 μL of the Detection Antibody, diluted in Reagent Diluent, to each well. Cover with a new adhesive strip and incubate 2 hours at room temperature.
- Repeat the aspiration/wash as in step 2 of Plate Preparation.
- Add 100 μL of the working dilution of Streptavidin-HRP to each well. Cover the plate and incubate for 20 minutes at room temperature. Avoid placing the plate in direct light.
- Repeat the aspiration/wash as in step 2.
- Add 100 μL of Substrate Solution to each well. Incubate for 20 minutes at room temperature. Avoid placing the plate in direct light.
- Add 50 μL of Stop Solution to each well. Gently tap the plate to ensure thorough mixing.
- Determine the optical density of each well immediately, using a microplate reader set to 450 nm. If wavelength correction is available, set to 540 nm or 570 nm. If wavelength correction is not available, subtract readings at 540 nm or 570 nm from the readings at 450 nm. This subtraction will correct for optical imperfections in the plate. Readings made directly at 450 nm without correction may be higher and less accurate.
Citations for Human IL-1ra/IL-1F3 DuoSet ELISA
R&D Systems personnel manually curate a database that contains references using R&D Systems products. The data collected includes not only links to publications in PubMed, but also provides information about sample types, species, and experimental conditions.
31
Citations: Showing 1 - 10
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Long-Lasting Enhanced Cytokine Responses Following SARS-CoV-2 BNT162b2 mRNA Vaccination
Authors: Cab?u, G;Badii, M;Mirea, AM;Gaal, OI;van Emst, L;Popp, RA;Cri?an, TO;Joosten, LAB;
Vaccines
Species: Human
Sample Types: Cell Culture Supernates
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Leishmania braziliensis enhances monocyte responses to promote anti-tumor activity
Authors: Dos Santos, JC;Moreno, M;Teufel, LU;Chilibroste, S;Keating, ST;Groh, L;Domínguez-Andrés, J;Williams, DL;Ma, Z;Lowman, DW;Ensley, HE;Novakovic, B;Ribeiro-Dias, F;Netea, MG;Chabalgoity, JA;Joosten, LAB;
Cell reports
Species: Human
Sample Types: Cell Culture Supernates
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Ventilatory support and inflammatory peptides in hospitalised patients with COVID-19: A prospective cohort trial
Authors: Gysan, MR;Milacek, C;Bal, C;Zech, A;Brugger, J;Milos, RI;Antoniewicz, L;Idzko, M;Gompelmann, D;
PloS one
Species: Human
Sample Types: Serum
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The role of NLRP3 in regulating gingival epithelial cell responses evoked by Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans
Authors: Jayaprakash Demirel, K;Wu, R;Neves Guimaraes, A;Demirel, I;
Cytokine
Species: Human
Sample Types: Cell Culture Supernates
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Prevention of M2 polarization and temporal limitation of differentiation in monocytes by extracellular ATP
Authors: Scherr, BF;Reiner, MF;Baumann, F;Höhne, K;Müller, T;Ayata, K;Müller-Quernheim, J;Idzko, M;Zissel, G;
BMC immunology
Species: Human
Sample Types: Cell Culture Supernates
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Dimethyl itaconate induces long-term innate immune responses and confers protection against infection
Authors: Ferreira, AV;Kostidis, S;Groh, LA;Koeken, VACM;Bruno, M;Baydemir, I;Kilic, G;Bulut, Ö;Andriopoulou, T;Spanou, V;Synodinou, KD;Gkavogianni, T;Moorlag, SJCFM;Charlotte de Bree, L;Mourits, VP;Matzaraki, V;Koopman, WJH;van de Veerdonk, FL;Renieris, G;Giera, M;Giamarellos-Bourboulis, EJ;Novakovic, B;Domínguez-Andrés, J;
Cell reports
Species: Human
Sample Types: Cell Culture Supernates
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TGF-beta is elevated in hyperuricemic individuals and mediates urate-induced hyperinflammatory phenotype in human mononuclear cells
Authors: V Klück, G Cab?u, L Mies, F Bukkems, L van Emst, R Bakker, A van Caam, HINT conso, TO Cri?an, LAB Joosten
Arthritis Research & Therapy, 2023-02-27;25(1):30.
Species: Human
Sample Types: Cell Culture Supernates
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Effect of exogenous IL-37 on immune cells from a patient carrying a potential IL37 loss-of-function variant: A case study
Authors: LU Teufel, CI van der Ma, V Klück, A Simons, A Hoischen, V Vernimmen, LAB Joosten, RJW Arts
Cytokine, 2022-12-05;162(0):156102.
Species: Human
Sample Types: Cell Culture Supernates
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Exercise training-induced changes in immunometabolic markers in youth badminton athletes
Authors: FE Rossi, AJ Maldonado, JM Cholewa, SLG Ribeiro, CA de Araújo, C Figueiredo, T Reichel, K Krüger, FS Lira, LG Minuzzi
Scientific Reports, 2022-09-15;12(1):15539.
Species: Human
Sample Types: Plasma
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Quality assessment of a serum and xenofree medium for the expansion of human GMP-grade mesenchymal stromal cells
Authors: C Aussel, E Busson, H Vantomme, J Peltzer, C Martinaud
PeerJ, 2022-05-30;10(0):e13391.
Species: Human
Sample Types: Cell Culture Supernates
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Clinical and biological markers for predicting ARDS and outcome in septic patients
Authors: J Villar, R Herrán-Mon, E González-H, M Prieto-Gon, A Ambrós, A Rodríguez-, A Muriel-Bom, R Solano, C Cuenca-Rub, A Vidal, C Flores, JM González-M, MI García-Lao, Genetics o
Scientific Reports, 2021-11-22;11(1):22702.
Species: Human
Sample Types: Serum
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A prospective cohort study providing insights for markers of adverse pregnancy outcome in older mothers
Authors: SC Lean, RL Jones, SA Roberts, AEP Heazell
BMC pregnancy and childbirth, 2021-10-20;21(1):706.
Species: Human
Sample Types: Serum
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Pulmonary function changes in older adults with and without metabolic syndrome
Authors: MAR Brandao-Ra, R Moraes-Fer, MC Oliveira-J, A Santos-Dia, ALL Bachi, G Gabriela-P, S de Oliveir, AC Araújo-Ros, LVF Oliveira, CR Frison, WL do Prado, RP Raju, PB Balagopal, RP Vieira
Scientific Reports, 2021-08-30;11(1):17337.
Species: Human
Sample Types: Exhaled Breath Condensate (EBC)
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Sintered S53P4 bioactive glass scaffolds have anti-inflammatory properties and stimulate osteogenesis in vitro
Authors: R Björkenhei, E Jämsen, E Eriksson, P Uppstu, L Aalto-Setä, L Hupa, KK Eklund, M Ainola, NC Lindfors, J Pajarinen
European cells & materials, 2021-01-03;41(0):15-30.
Species: Human
Sample Types: Cell Culture Supernates
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SARS-CoV-2-specific IgA and limited inflammatory cytokines are present in the stool of select patients with acute COVID-19
Authors: GJ Britton, A Chen-Liaw, F Cossarini, AE Livanos, MP Spindler, T Plitt, J Eggers, I Mogno, A Gonzalez-R, S Siu, M Tankelevic, L Grinspan, RE Dixon, D Jha, G Martinez-D, F Amanat, DA Hoagland, B tenOever, MC Dubinsky, M Merad, H van Bakel, F Krammer, G Bongers, S Mehandru, JJ Faith
medRxiv : the preprint server for health sciences, 2020-12-09;0(0):.
Species: Human
Sample Types: Fecal Supernates
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Salivary IL-8 and IL-1RA changes induced by exercise in cold-dry and normal conditions
Authors: I Patlan, MP Jeffrey, D Lewis, J Green-John, S Dogra
Cytokine, 2020-10-28;137(0):155347.
Species: Human
Sample Types: Saliva
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The Phenotype and Secretory Activity of Adipose-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells (ASCs) of Patients with Rheumatic Diseases
Authors: E Kuca-Warna, U Skalska, I Janicka, U Musia?owic, K Bonek, P G?uszko, P Szcz?sny, M Olesi?ska, E Kontny
Cells, 2019-12-17;8(12):.
Species: Human
Sample Types: Cell Culture Supernates
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PASylation of IL-1 Receptor antagonist (IL-1Ra) retains IL-1 blockade and extends its duration in mouse urate crystal-induced peritonitis
Authors: NE Powers, B Swartzwelt, C Marchetti, DM de Graaf, A Lerchner, M Schlapschy, R Datar, U Binder, CK Edwards, A Skerra, CA Dinarello
J. Biol. Chem., 2019-12-09;0(0):.
Species: Human
Sample Types: Plasma
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IL-1RA is part of the inflammasome-regulated immune response in bladder epithelial cells and influences colonization of uropathogenic E. coli
Authors: A Lindblad, K Persson, I Demirel
Cytokine, 2019-07-09;123(0):154772.
Species: Human
Sample Types: Cell Culture Supernates
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Local oestrogen therapy modulates extracellular matrix and immune response in the vaginal tissue of post-menopausal women with severe pelvic organ prolapse
Authors: T Tyagi, M Alarab, Y Leong, S Lye, O Shynlova
J. Cell. Mol. Med., 2019-02-17;0(0):.
Species: Human
Sample Types: Tissue Homogenates
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Production and regulation of interleukin-1 family cytokines at the materno-fetal interface
Authors: LM Scott, AH Bryant, A Rees, B Down, RH Jones, CA Thornton
Cytokine, 2017-07-13;0(0):.
Species: Human
Sample Types: Tissue Culture Supernates
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Interleukin-36 potently stimulates human M2 macrophages, Langerhans cells and keratinocytes to produce pro-inflammatory cytokines
Authors: Damien Dietrich
Cytokine, 2016-05-31;84(0):88-98.
Species: Human
Sample Types: Cell Culture Supernates
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Macrophage activation in acute exacerbation of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis.
Authors: Schupp J, Binder H, Jager B, Cillis G, Zissel G, Muller-Quernheim J, Prasse A
PLoS ONE, 2015-01-15;10(1):e0116775.
Species: Human
Sample Types: BALF
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Phagocytosis of Staphylococcus aureus by human neutrophils prevents macrophage efferocytosis and induces programmed necrosis.
Authors: Greenlee-Wacker M, Rigby K, Kobayashi S, Porter A, DeLeo F, Nauseef W
J Immunol, 2014-04-11;192(10):4709-17.
Species: Human
Sample Types: Cell Culture Supernates
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Angiopoietin-1 upregulates de novo expression of IL-1beta and Il1-Ra, and the exclusive release of Il1-Ra from human neutrophils.
Authors: Haddad L, Sirois M
PLoS ONE, 2014-02-12;9(2):e88980.
Species: Human
Sample Types: Cell Lysates
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Effects of human Toll-like receptor 1 polymorphisms on ageing.
Authors: Uciechowski P, Oellig E, Mariani E, Malavolta M, Mocchegiani E, Rink L
Immun Ageing, 2013-02-07;10(1):4.
Species: Human
Sample Types: Plasma
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Regulation of progranulin expression in human microglia and proteolysis of progranulin by matrix metalloproteinase-12 (MMP-12).
Authors: Suh HS, Choi N, Tarassishin L, Lee SC
PLoS ONE, 2012-04-11;7(4):e35115.
Species: Human
Sample Types: Cell Culture Supernates
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Reprogramming of a subpopulation of human blood neutrophils by prolonged exposure to cytokines.
Authors: Chakravarti A, Rusu D, Flamand N, Borgeat P, Poubelle PE
Lab. Invest., 2009-07-27;89(10):1084-99.
Species: Human
Sample Types: Cell Culture Supernates
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The response of human epithelial cells to TNF involves an inducible autocrine cascade.
Authors: Janes KA, Gaudet S, Albeck JG, Nielsen UB, Lauffenburger DA, Sorger PK
Cell, 2006-03-24;124(6):1225-39.
Species: Human
Sample Types: Cell Culture Supernates
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Pre-interleukin-1alpha expression reduces cell growth and increases interleukin-6 production in SaOS-2 osteosarcoma cells: Differential inhibitory effect of interleukin-1 receptor antagonist (icIL-1Ra1).
Authors: Palmer G, Trolliet S, Talabot-Ayer D, Mezin F, Magne D, Gabay C
Cytokine, 2005-07-21;31(2):153-60.
Species: Human
Sample Types: Cell Culture Supernates
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Mice transgenic for intracellular interleukin-1 receptor antagonist type 1 are protected from collagen-induced arthritis.
Authors: Palmer G, Talabot-Ayer D, Szalay-Quinodoz I, Maret M, Arend WP, Gabay C
Eur. J. Immunol., 2003-02-01;33(2):434-40.
Species: Human
Sample Types: Serum
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