Human/Primate IL-2 Biotinylated Antibody Summary
Ala21-Thr153
Accession # P60568
Applications
Human/Primate IL-2 Sandwich Immunoassay
Please Note: Optimal dilutions should be determined by each laboratory for each application. General Protocols are available in the Technical Information section on our website.
Scientific Data
IL‑2 in Human PBMCs. IL‑2 was detected in immersion fixed human peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) stimulated with PMA and ionomycin using 15 µg/mL Goat Anti-Human/Primate IL‑2 Biotinylated Antigen Affinity-purified Polyclonal Antibody (Catalog # BAF202) for 3 hours at room temperature. Cells were stained (red) and counterstained (green). View our protocol for Fluorescent ICC Staining of Non-adherent Cells.
IL‑2 in Human PBMCs. IL-2 was detected in immersion fixed PMA-, ionomycin-, and monensin-stimulated human peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) using 10 µg/mL Goat Anti-Human/Primate IL-2 Biotinylated Antigen Affinity-purified Polyclonal Antibody (Catalog # BAF202) for 3 hours at room temperature. Cells were stained with the NorthernLights™ 557-conjugated Streptavidin (red; Catalog # NL999) and counterstained with DAPI (blue). View our protocol for Fluorescent ICC Staining of Non-adherent Cells.
Reconstitution Calculator
Preparation and Storage
- 12 months from date of receipt, -20 to -70 °C as supplied.
- 1 month, 2 to 8 °C under sterile conditions after reconstitution.
- 6 months, -20 to -70 °C under sterile conditions after reconstitution.
Background: IL-2
Interleukin-2 (IL-2) is a O-glycosylated, four alpha -helix bundle cytokine that has potent stimulatory activity for antigen-activated T cells. It is expressed by CD4+ and CD8+ T cells, gamma δ T cells, B cells, dendritic cells, and eosinophils (1 - 3). Mature human IL-2 shares 56% and 66% aa sequence identity with mouse and rat IL-2, respectively. Human and mouse IL-2 exhibit cross-species activity (4). The receptor for IL-2 consists of three subunits that are present on the cell surface in varying preformed complexes (5 - 7). The 55 kDa IL-2 R alpha is specific for IL-2 and binds with low affinity. The 75 kDa IL-2 R beta, which is also a component of the IL-15 receptor, binds IL-2 with intermediate affinity. The 64 kDa common gamma chain gamma c/IL-2 R gamma, which is shared with the receptors for IL-4, -7, -9, -15, and -21, does not independently interact with IL-2. Upon ligand binding, signal transduction is performed by both IL-2 R beta and gamma c. IL-2 is best known for its autocrine and paracrine activity on T cells. It drives resting T cells to proliferate and induces IL-2 and IL-2 R alpha synthesis (1, 2). It contributes to T cell homeostasis by promoting the Fas-induced death of naïve CD4+ T cells but not activated CD4+ memory lymphocytes (8). IL-2 plays a central role in the expansion and maintenance of regulatory T cells, although it inhibits the development of Th17 polarized cells (9 - 11). Thus, IL-2 may be a key cytokine in the natural suppression of autoimmunity (12, 13).
- Ma, A. et al. (2006) Annu. Rev. Immunol. 24:657.
- Gaffen, S.L. and K.D. Liu (2004) Cytokine 28:109.
- Taniguchi, T. et al. (1983) Nature 302:305.
- Mosmann, T.R. et al. (1987) J. Immunol. 138:1813.
- Liparoto, S.F. et al. (2002) Biochemistry 41:2543.
- Wang, X. et al. (2005) Science 310:1159.
- Bodnar, A. et al. (2008) Immunol. Lett. 116:117.
- Jaleco, S. et al. (2003) J. Immunol. 171:61.
- Malek, T.R. (2003) J. Leukoc. Biol. 74:961.
- Laurence, A. et al. (2007) Immunity 26:371.
- Kryczek, I. et al. (2007) J. Immunol. 178:6730.
- Afzali, B. et al. (2007) Clin. Exp. Immunol. 148:32.
- Fehervari, Z. et al. (2006) Trends Immunol. 27:109.
Product Datasheets
Citations for Human/Primate IL-2 Biotinylated Antibody
R&D Systems personnel manually curate a database that contains references using R&D Systems products. The data collected includes not only links to publications in PubMed, but also provides information about sample types, species, and experimental conditions.
17
Citations: Showing 1 - 10
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A novel interleukin-2-based fusion molecule, HCW9302, differentially promotes regulatory T cell expansion to treat atherosclerosis in mice
Authors: Xiaoyun Zhu, Qiongzhen Li, Varghese George, Catherine Spanoudis, Crystal Gilkes, Niraj Shrestha et al.
Frontiers in Immunology
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Intratumoral injection reduces toxicity and antibody-mediated neutralization of immunocytokine in a mouse melanoma model
Authors: Claire C Baniel, Elizabeth G Sumiec, Jacqueline A Hank, Amber M Bates, Amy K Erbe, Alexander A Pieper et al.
Journal for ImmunoTherapy of Cancer
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Evaluation of Single-Cell Cytokine Secretion and Cell-Cell Interactions with a Hierarchical Loading Microwell Chip
Authors: Y Zhou, N Shao, R Bessa de C, P Zhang, Y Ma, X Liu, F Huang, RF Wang, L Qin
Cell Rep, 2020-04-28;31(4):107574.
Species: Human
Sample Types: Cell Culture Supernates
Applications: ELISA Capture -
Potent antitumour activity of interleukin-2-Fc fusion proteins requires Fc-mediated depletion of regulatory T-cells
Authors: Rodrigo Vazquez-Lombardi, Claudia Loetsch, Daniela Zinkl, Jennifer Jackson, Peter Schofield, Elissa K. Deenick et al.
Nature Communications
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Interference of the T Cell and Antigen-Presenting Cell Costimulatory Pathway Using CTLA4-Ig (Abatacept) Prevents Staphylococcal Enterotoxin B Pathology
Authors: SJ Whitfield, C Taylor, JE Risdall, GD Griffiths, JT Jones, ED Williamson, S Rijpkema, L Saraiva, S Vessillier, AC Green, AJ Carter
J. Immunol, 2017-03-20;0(0):.
Species: Human
Sample Types: Cell Culture Supernates
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Key Residues at Third CDR3? Position Impact Structure and Antigen Recognition of Human Invariant NK TCRs
Authors: Kenji Chamoto
J. Immunol, 2016-12-21;0(0):.
Species: Human
Sample Types: Cell Lysates
Applications: ELISA Development (Detection) -
Functional characterization of human T cell hyporesponsiveness induced by CTLA4-Ig.
Authors: Rochman Y, Yukawa M, Kartashov A, Barski A
PLoS ONE, 2015-04-10;10(4):e0122198.
Species: Human
Sample Types: Cell Culture Supernates
Applications: ELISA Development -
Ligation of the CD2 co-stimulatory receptor enhances IL-2 production from first-generation chimeric antigen receptor T cells
Authors: E J Cheadle, D G Rothwell, J S Bridgeman, V E Sheard, R E Hawkins, D E Gilham
Gene Therapy
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Aptamer-Functionalized Microgel Particles for Protein Detection
Authors: Rathi L. Srinivas, Stephen C. Chapin, Patrick S. Doyle
Analytical Chemistry
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Canine Bone Marrow Derived Mesenchymal Stromal Cells Suppress Allo-Reactive Lymphocyte Proliferation in Vitro but Fail to Enhance Engraftment in Canine Bone Marrow Transplantation
Authors: Won Sik Lee, Yasuhiro Suzuki, Scott S. Graves, Mineo Iwata, G.M. Venkataraman, Marco Mielcarek et al.
Biology of Blood and Marrow Transplantation
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Multiplexed Protein Quantification with Barcoded Hydrogel Microparticles
Authors: David C. Appleyard, Stephen C. Chapin, Patrick S. Doyle
Analytical Chemistry
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Upregulation of human cytomegalovirus by HIV type 1 in human lymphoid tissue ex vivo.
Authors: Biancotto A, Iglehart SJ, Lisco A, Vanpouille C, Grivel JC, Lurain NS, Reichelderfer PS, Margolis LB
AIDS Res. Hum. Retroviruses, 2008-03-01;24(3):453-62.
Species: Human
Sample Types: Cell Culture Supernates
Applications: Luminex Development -
Effect of serum content and diluent selection on assay sensitivity and signal intensity in multiplex bead-based immunoassays.
Authors: Pfleger C, Schloot N, ter Veld F
J. Immunol. Methods, 2007-10-22;329(1):214-8.
Species: Human
Sample Types: Serum
Applications: Luminex Development -
Abnormal activation and cytokine spectra in lymph nodes of people chronically infected with HIV-1.
Authors: Biancotto A, Grivel JC, Iglehart SJ, Vanpouille C, Lisco A, Sieg SF, Debernardo R, Garate K, Rodriguez B, Margolis LB, Lederman MM
Blood, 2007-02-08;109(10):4272-9.
Species: Human
Sample Types: Cell Culture Supernates
Applications: Luminex Development -
HIV-1 pathogenesis differs in rectosigmoid and tonsillar tissues infected ex vivo with CCR5- and CXCR4-tropic HIV-1.
Authors: Grivel JC, Elliott J, Lisco A, Biancotto A, Condack C, Shattock RJ, McGowan I, Margolis L, Anton P
AIDS, 2007;21(10):1263-72.
Species: Human
Sample Types: Cell Culture Supernates
Applications: Luminex Development -
Th2 cytokine response in Major Depressive Disorder patients before treatment.
Authors: Kiryushko D, Pavon L, Novitskaya V, Sandoval-Lopez G, Soroka V, Eugenia Hernandez M, Klingelhofer J, Loria F, Lukanidin E, Estrada I, Berezin V, Perez M, Bock E, Moreno J, Avila U, Leff P, Anton B, Heinze G
J. Neuroimmunol., 2006-02-02;172(1):156-65.
Species: Human
Sample Types: Serum
Applications: ELISA Development -
Repeated exposure induces periportal fibrosis in Schistosoma mansoni-infected baboons: role of TGF-beta and IL-4.
Authors: Farah IO, Mola PW, Kariuki TM, Nyindo M, Blanton RE, King CL
J. Immunol., 2000-05-15;164(10):5337-43.
Species: Primate - Papio anubis (Olive Baboon)
Sample Types: Cell Culture Supernates
Applications: ELISA Development
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