Human/Primate IL-6 Biotinylated Antibody Summary
Pro29-Met212
Accession # P05231
Applications
Human/Primate IL-6 Sandwich Immunoassay
Please Note: Optimal dilutions should be determined by each laboratory for each application. General Protocols are available in the Technical Information section on our website.
Scientific Data
IL‑6 in Human PBMCs. IL-6 was detected in immersion fixed human peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) stimulated with LPS and monensin using Human/Primate IL-6 Biotinylated Antigen Affinity-purified Polyclonal Antibody (Catalog # BAF206) at 10 µg/mL for 3 hours at room temperature. Cells were stained using the NorthernLights™ 557-conjugated Streptavidin (red; Catalog # NL999) and counterstained with DAPI (blue). View our protocol for Fluorescent ICC Staining of Non-adherent Cells.
Detection of Human IL-6 by Functional Differences in Functional Profiles between Three Patients with Different Clinical Outcomesgp100 209–2M spots co-spotted with anti-IFN gamma, anti-TNF alpha, anti-IL1b, and anti-IL-6 are shown for three separate patient samples. Patient 10735, who remains free of disease at this writing, displays strong IFN gamma, TNF alpha, IL-1b, and IL-6 secretion. Patients 10710 and 10737 show strong IFN gamma secretion, but weak to no TNF alpha, IL-1b, and IL-6 secretion; both patients experienced disease recurrence soon after these samples were drawn. Note the diffuse pattern of IL-1b and IL-6 capture, which differs from the focal capture of IFN gamma and TNF alpha. Image collected and cropped by CiteAb from the following publication (https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/16162034), licensed under a CC-BY license. Not internally tested by R&D Systems.
Reconstitution Calculator
Preparation and Storage
- 12 months from date of receipt, -20 to -70 °C as supplied.
- 1 month, 2 to 8 °C under sterile conditions after reconstitution.
- 6 months, -20 to -70 °C under sterile conditions after reconstitution.
Background: IL-6
Interleukin-6 (IL-6) is a pleiotropic, alpha -helical, phosphorylated and variably glycosylated cytokine that plays important roles in the acute phase reaction, inflammation, hematopoiesis, bone metabolism, and cancer progression. Mature human IL-6 is 183 amino acids (aa) in length expressed as a 22-28 kDA molecular weight protein. IL-6 shares 39% aa sequence identity with mouse and rat IL-6. Alternative splicing generates several isoforms with internal deletions, some of which exhibit antagonistic properties. IL-6 induces signaling through a cell surface heterodimeric receptor complex composed of a ligand binding subunit (IL-6 R alpha) and a signal transducing subunit (gp130). IL-6 binds to IL-6 R alpha, triggering IL-6 R alpha association with gp130 and gp130 dimerization. gp130 is also a component of the receptors for CLC, CNTF, CT-1, IL-11, IL-27, LIF, and OSM. Soluble forms of IL-6 R alpha are generated by both alternative splicing and proteolytic cleavage. In a mechanism known as trans-signaling, complexes of soluble IL-6 and IL-6 R alpha elicit responses from gp130-expressing cells that lack cell surface IL-6 R alpha. Trans-signaling enables a wider range of cell types to respond to IL-6, as the expression of gp130 is ubiquitous, while that of IL-6 R alpha is predominantly restricted to hepatocytes, monocytes, and resting lymphocytes. Soluble splice forms of gp130 block trans-signaling from IL-6/IL-6 R alpha but not from other cytokines that use gp130 as a co-receptor. IL-6, along with TNF-alpha and IL-1, function to drive the acute inflammatory response and the transition from acute inflammation to either acquired immunity or chronic inflammatory disease. When dysregulated, it contributes to chronic inflammation in obesity, insulin resistance, inflammatory bowel disease, arthritis, sepsis, and atherosclerosis. IL-6 can also function as an anti-inflammatory molecule, as in skeletal muscle where it is secreted in response to exercise. In addition, it enhances hematopoietic stem cell proliferation and the differentiation of Th17 cells, memory B cells, and plasma cells.
Product Datasheets
Citations for Human/Primate IL-6 Biotinylated Antibody
R&D Systems personnel manually curate a database that contains references using R&D Systems products. The data collected includes not only links to publications in PubMed, but also provides information about sample types, species, and experimental conditions.
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Citations: Showing 1 - 10
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Machine learning identifies molecular regulators and therapeutics for targeting SARS‐CoV2‐induced cytokine release
Authors: Marina Chan, Siddharth Vijay, John McNevin, M Juliana McElrath, Eric C Holland, Taranjit S Gujral
Molecular Systems Biology
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Hypothermic Ex Situ Perfusion of Human Limbs With Acellular Solution for 24 Hours
Authors: Valentin Haug, Branislav Kollar, Sotirios Tasigiorgos, Yori Endo, Martin Kauke, Ali-Farid Safi et al.
Transplantation
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The Global Phosphorylation Landscape of SARS-CoV-2 Infection
Authors: Mehdi Bouhaddou, Danish Memon, Bjoern Meyer, Kris M. White, Veronica V. Rezelj, Miguel Correa Marrero et al.
Cell
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Simultaneous detection of small molecules, proteins and microRNAs using single molecule arrays†
Authors: Xu Wang, David R. Walt
Chemical Science
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Palmitate Has Proapoptotic and Proinflammatory Effects on Articular Cartilage and Synergizes With Interleukin-1
Authors: Oscar Alvarez-Garcia, Nicole H. Rogers, Roy G. Smith, Martin K. Lotz
Arthritis & Rheumatology
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Integrated pipeline for ultrasensitive protein detection in cancer nanomedicine†
Authors: Chi-An Cheng, Li-Chiao Chiang, Yu-Syuan Chu
RSC Advances
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Application of the Mirrorball High-Sensitivity Cytometer to Multiplexed Assays for Antibody Drug Discovery
Authors: Elizabeth England, Philip Newton, Frances Neal, Lisa Kitching, Caroline Colley, Christine J. Rossant
J Biomol Screen
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A high-resolution real-time quantification of astrocyte cytokine secretion under shear stress for investigating hydrocephalus shunt failure
Authors: Fatemeh Khodadadei, Allen P. Liu, Carolyn A. Harris
Communications Biology
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Nanoparticles of Lactiplantibacillus plantarum K8 Reduce Staphylococcus aureus Respiratory Infection and Tumor Necrosis Factor Alpha- and Interferon Gamma-Induced Lung Inflammation
Authors: Hong, J;Son, M;Sin, J;Kim, H;Chung, DK;
Nutrients
Species: Human
Sample Types: Cell Culture Supernates
Applications: ELISA Detection -
Extending the dynamic range of biomarker quantification through molecular equalization
Authors: Newman, S;Wilson, B;Mamerow, D;Wollant, B;Nyein, H;Rosenberg-Hasson, Y;Maecker, H;Eisenstein, M;Soh, H;
bioRxiv
Species: Human
Sample Types: Serum
Applications: Bioassay -
Ultra-Sensitive and Semi-Quantitative Vertical Flow Assay for the Rapid Detection of Interleukin-6 in Inflammatory Diseases
Authors: R Lei, H Arain, M Obaid, N Sabhnani, C Mohan
Biosensors, 2022-09-14;12(9):.
Species: Human
Sample Types: Serum
Applications: ELISA Detection -
Interleukin-1&alpha Is a Critical Mediator of the Response of Human Bronchial Fibroblasts to Eosinophilic Inflammation
Authors: K Bernau, JP Leet, H Floerke, EM Bruhn, AL Noll, IS McDermott, S Esnault, NN Jarjour, N Sandbo
Cells, 2021-03-02;10(3):.
Species: Human
Sample Types: Cell Culture Supernates
Applications: ELISA Detection -
The vitamin D analogue calcipotriol promotes an anti-tumorigenic phenotype of human pancreatic CAFs but reduces T cell mediated immunity
Authors: L Gorchs, S Ahmed, C Mayer, A Knauf, C Fernández, M Svensson, R Heuchel, E Rangelova, P Bergman, H Kaipe
Sci Rep, 2020-10-15;10(1):17444.
Species: Human
Sample Types: Cell Culture Supernates
Applications: ELISA Capture -
Ultrasensitive digital quantification of cytokines and bacteria predicts septic shock outcomes
Authors: MF Abas?yan?k, K Wolfe, H Van Phan, J Lin, B Laxman, SR White, PA Verhoef, GM Mutlu, B Patel, S Tay
Nat Commun, 2020-05-25;11(1):2607.
Species: Human
Sample Types: Whole Cells
Applications: Bioassay -
Mycobacterium tuberculosis Lipoarabinomannan Activates Human Neutrophils via a TLR2/1 Mechanism Distinct from Pam3CSK4
Authors: JS Hook, M Cao, K Weng, N Kinnare, JG Moreland
J. Immunol., 2019-12-23;0(0):.
Species: Human
Sample Types: Cell Culture Supernates
Applications: ELISA Detection -
Tumor suppressor HIC1 is synergistically compromised by cancer-associated fibroblasts and tumor cells through the IL-6/pSTAT3 axis in breast cancer
Authors: X Sun, Q Qu, Y Lao, M Zhang, X Yin, H Zhu, Y Wang, J Yang, J Yi, M Hao
BMC Cancer, 2019-12-03;19(1):1180.
Species: Human
Sample Types: Cell Culture Supernates
Applications: ELISA Detection -
Hydrogel based protein biochip for parallel detection of biomarkers for diagnosis of a Systemic Inflammatory Response Syndrome (SIRS) in human serum
Authors: A Stumpf, T Brandstett, J Hübner, J Rühe
PLoS ONE, 2019-12-02;14(12):e0225525.
Species: Human
Sample Types: Serum
Applications: ELISA Detection -
IL-33 Attenuates Sepsis by Inhibiting IL-17 Receptor Signaling through Upregulation of SOCS3
Authors: R Lv, J Zhao, M Lei, D Xiao, Y Yu, J Xie
Cell. Physiol. Biochem., 2017-08-09;42(5):1961-1972.
Species: Human
Sample Types: Serum
Applications: ELISA Development (Detection) -
Interleukin-10 and prostaglandin E2 have complementary but distinct suppressive effects on Toll-like receptor-mediated dendritic cell activation in ovarian carcinoma
Authors: E Brencicova, AL Jagger, HG Evans, M Georgouli, A Laios, S Attard Mon, G Mehra, J Spencer, AA Ahmed, S Raju-Kanki, LS Taams, SS Diebold
PLoS ONE, 2017-04-14;12(4):e0175712.
Species: Human
Sample Types: Cell Culture Supernates
Applications: ELISA Development (Detection) -
The Human Antimicrobial Protein Bactericidal/Permeability-Increasing Protein (BPI) Inhibits the Infectivity of Influenza A Virus
Authors: Olaf Pinkenburg
PLoS ONE, 2016-06-06;11(6):e0156929.
Species: Human
Sample Types: Cell Culture Supernates
Applications: ELISA Development (Detection) -
Urocortin 2 role in placental and myometrial inflammatory mechanisms at parturition.
Authors: Voltolini C, Battersby S, Novembri R, Torricelli M, Severi F, Petraglia F, Norman J
Endocrinology, 2014-11-26;156(2):670-9.
Species: Human
Sample Types: Cell Culture Supernates
Applications: ELISA Development (Detection) -
Estrogen receptor, progesterone receptor, interleukin-6 and interleukin-8 are variable in breast cancer and benign stem/progenitor cell populations.
Authors: Schillace R, Skinner A, Pommier R, O'Neill S, Muller P, Naik A, Hansen J, Pommier S
BMC Cancer, 2014-09-30;14(0):733.
Species: Human
Sample Types: Cell Lysates
Applications: Functional Assay -
Measurement of interleukin-33 (IL-33) and IL-33 receptors (sST2 and ST2L) in patients with rheumatoid arthritis.
Authors: Hong YS, Moon SJ, Moon S, Joo YB, Joo Y, Jeon CH, Jeon C, Cho ML, Ju JH, Oh HJ, Heo YJ, Heo Y, Park SH, Kim HY, Min JK
J Korean Med Sci, 2011-09-01;26(9):1132-9.
Species: Human
Sample Types: Serum
Applications: ELISA Development -
Protection from RNA and DNA viruses by IL-32.
Authors: Zepp JA, Nold-Petry CA, Dinarello CA, Nold MF
J. Immunol., 2011-02-23;186(7):4110-8.
Species: Human
Sample Types: Cell Culture Supernates
Applications: Electrochemiluminescent Assay -
Resistance of human alveolar macrophages to Bacillus anthracis lethal toxin.
Authors: Wu W, Mehta H, Chakrabarty K, Booth JL, Duggan ES, Patel KB, Ballard JD, Coggeshall KM, Metcalf JP
J. Immunol., 2009-10-07;183(9):5799-806.
Species: Human
Sample Types: Cell Culture Supernates
Applications: ELISA Development -
Noninvasive detection of acute and chronic injuries in human renal transplant by elevation of multiple cytokines/chemokines in urine.
Authors: Hu H, Kwun J, Aizenstein BD, Knechtle SJ
Transplantation, 2009-06-27;87(12):1814-20.
Species: Human
Sample Types: Urine
Applications: Antibody Array Development -
Maternal and cord plasma cytokine and chemokine profile in pregnancies complicated by asthma.
Authors: Osei-Kumah A, Smith R, Clifton VL
Cytokine, 2008-07-17;43(2):187-93.
Species: Human
Sample Types: Plasma
Applications: ELISA Development -
Endogenous IL-32 controls cytokine and HIV-1 production.
Authors: Nold MF, Nold-Petry CA, Pott GB, Zepp JA, Saavedra MT, Kim SH, Dinarello CA
J. Immunol., 2008-07-01;181(1):557-65.
Species: Human
Sample Types: Cell Culture Supernates
Applications: Electrochemiluminescent Assay -
Bacterial vaginosis, not HIV, is primarily responsible for increased vaginal concentrations of proinflammatory cytokines.
Authors: Mitchell CM, Balkus J, Agnew KJ, Cohn S, Luque A, Lawler R, Coombs RW, Hitti JE
AIDS Res. Hum. Retroviruses, 2008-05-01;24(5):667-71.
Species: Human
Sample Types: Vaginal Fluid
Applications: ELISA Development -
Toll-like receptors 3 and 4 are expressed by human bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells and can inhibit their T-cell modulatory activity by impairing Notch signaling.
Authors: Liotta F, Angeli R, Cosmi L, Fili L, Manuelli C, Frosali F, Mazzinghi B, Maggi L, Pasini A, Lisi V, Santarlasci V, Consoloni L, Angelotti ML, Romagnani P, Parronchi P, Krampera M, Maggi E, Romagnani S, Annunziato F
Stem Cells, 2007-10-25;26(1):279-89.
Species: Human
Sample Types: Cell Culture Supernates
Applications: ELISA Development -
Ultrasensitive flow-based immunoassays using single-molecule counting.
Authors: Todd J, Freese B, Lu A, Held D, Morey J, Livingston R, Goix P
Clin. Chem., 2007-09-21;53(11):1990-5.
Species: Human
Sample Types: Plasma
Applications: ELISA Development -
Th2 cytokine response in Major Depressive Disorder patients before treatment.
Authors: Kiryushko D, Pavon L, Novitskaya V, Sandoval-Lopez G, Soroka V, Eugenia Hernandez M, Klingelhofer J, Loria F, Lukanidin E, Estrada I, Berezin V, Perez M, Bock E, Moreno J, Avila U, Leff P, Anton B, Heinze G
J. Neuroimmunol., 2006-02-02;172(1):156-65.
Species: Human
Sample Types: Serum
Applications: ELISA Development -
Marked differences in human melanoma antigen-specific T cell responsiveness after vaccination using a functional microarray.
Authors: Chen DS, Soen Y, Stuge TB
PLoS Med., 2005-09-20;2(10):e265.
Species: Human
Sample Types: Whole Cells
Applications: Functional Assay -
Interleukin-6 and interleukin-8 in cervical fluid in a population of Swedish women in preterm labor: relationship to microbial invasion of the amniotic fluid, intra-amniotic inflammation, and preterm delivery.
Authors: Holst RM, Mattsby-Baltzer I, Wennerholm UB, Hagberg H, Jacobsson B
Acta Obstet Gynecol Scand, 2005-06-01;84(6):551-7.
Species: Human
Sample Types: Amniotic Fluid
Applications: ELISA Development -
trans fatty acids and systemic inflammation in heart failure.
Authors: Mozaffarian D, Rimm EB, King IB, Lawler RL, McDonald GB, Levy WC
Am. J. Clin. Nutr., 2004-12-01;80(6):1521-5.
Species: Human
Sample Types: Plasma
Applications: ELISA Development -
Direct comparison of traditional ELISAs and membrane protein arrays for detection and quantification of human cytokines.
Authors: Copeland S, Siddiqui J, Remick D
J. Immunol. Methods, 2004-01-01;284(1):99-106.
Species: Human
Sample Types: Cell Culture Supernates
Applications: Array Development -
Interplay between IFN-gamma and IL-6 signaling governs neutrophil trafficking and apoptosis during acute inflammation.
Authors: McLoughlin RM, Witowski J, Robson RL, Wilkinson TS, Hurst SM, Williams AS, Williams JD, Rose-John S, Jones SA, Topley N
J. Clin. Invest., 2003-08-01;112(4):598-607.
Species: Human
Sample Types: Cell Culture Supernates
Applications: ELISA Development -
Secretion of oncostatin M by infiltrating neutrophils: regulation of IL-6 and chemokine expression in human mesothelial cells.
Authors: Hurst SM, McLoughlin RM, Monslow J, Owens S, Morgan L, Fuller GM, Topley N, Jones SA
J. Immunol., 2002-11-01;169(9):5244-51.
Species: Human
Sample Types: Peritoneal Fluid
Applications: ELISA Development -
The reprogrammed host: Chlamydia trachomatis-induced up-regulation of glycoprotein 130 cytokines, transcription factors, and antiapoptotic genes.
Authors: Hess S, 2019, Rheinheimer C, Tidow F, Bartling G, Kaps C, Lauber J, Buer J, Klos A
7046, 2001-10-01;44(10):2392-401.
Species: Human
Sample Types: Cell Culture Supernates
Applications: ELISA Development -
Peritonitis in the baboon: a primate model which stimulates human sepsis.
Authors: Kinasewitz GT, 2016, Chang AC, Peer GT, Hinshaw LB, Taylor FB
2000-02-01;13(2):100-9.
Species: Primate - Papio cynocephalus (Yellow Baboon)
Sample Types: Plasma
Applications: ELISA Development -
Isolation of immunomodulatory triterpene acids from a standardized rose hip powder (Rosa canina L.)
Authors: Lasse Saaby, Anna Katharina Jäger, Lise Moesby, Erik Wind Hansen, Søren Brøgger Christensen
Phytotherapy Research
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Regulation of the maturation of human monocytes into immunosuppressive macrophages
Authors: Defne Bayik, Debra Tross, Lydia A. Haile, Daniela Verthelyi, Dennis M. Klinman
Blood Advances
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Offloading treatment is linked to activation of proinflammatory cytokines and start of bone repair and remodeling in Charcot arthropathy patients
Authors: Agnetha Folestad, Martin Ålund, Susanne Asteberg, Jesper Fowelin, Ylva Aurell, Jan Göthlin et al.
Journal of Foot and Ankle Research
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Cytokine detection and simultaneous assessment of rheumatoid factor interference in human serum and synovial fluid using high-sensitivity protein arrays on plasmonic gold chips
Authors: Manfè Valentina, Fleckner Jan, Nørby Lisby Peder, Zhang Bo, Dai Hongjie, Keller Pernille
BMC Biotechnology
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Sensitive Colorimetric Detection of Interleukin-6 via Lateral Flow Assay Incorporated Silver Amplification Method
Authors: Mohammad Rahbar, Yuling Wu, J. Anand Subramony, Guozhen Liu
Frontiers in Bioengineering and Biotechnology
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