Human/Primate ST2/IL-33R Biotinylated Antibody Summary
Lys19-Phe328
Accession # BAA02233
Applications
Human/Primate ST2/IL-33 R Sandwich Immunoassay
Please Note: Optimal dilutions should be determined by each laboratory for each application. General Protocols are available in the Technical Information section on our website.
Reconstitution Calculator
Preparation and Storage
- 12 months from date of receipt, -20 to -70 °C as supplied.
- 1 month, 2 to 8 °C under sterile conditions after reconstitution.
- 6 months, -20 to -70 °C under sterile conditions after reconstitution.
Background: ST2/IL-33R
ST2, also known as IL-33R, IL-1 R4 and T1, is an Interleukin-1 receptor family glycoprotein that contributes to Th2 immune responses (1, 2). Human ST2 consists of a 310 amino acid (aa) extracellular domain (ECD) with three Ig-like domains, a 21 aa transmembrane segment, and a 207 aa cytoplasmic domain with an intracellular TIR domain (3, 4). Alternate splicing of the 120 kDa human ST2 generates a soluble 60 kDa isoform that lacks the transmembrane and cytoplasmic regions as well as an isoform that additionally lacks the third Ig‑like domain (4). Within the ECD, human ST2 shares 68% and 64% aa sequence identity with mouse and rat ST2, respectively. ST2 is expressed on the surface of mast cells, activated Th2 cells, macrophages, and cardiac myocytes (5‑8). It binds IL-33, a cytokine that is upregulated by inflammation or mechanical strain in smooth muscle cells, airway epithelia, keratinocytes, and cardiac fibroblasts (5, 9). IL-33 binding induces the association of ST2 with IL-1R AcP, a shared signaling subunit that also associates with IL-1 RI and IL-1 R rp2 (1, 10, 11). In macrophages, ST2 interferes with signaling from IL-1 RI and TLR4 by sequestering the adaptor proteins MyD88 and Mal (7). In addition to its role in promoting mast cell and Th2 dependent inflammation, ST2 activation enhances antigen induced hypernociception and protects from atherosclerosis and cardiac hypertrophy (5, 12‑14). The soluble ST2 isoform is released by activated Th2 cells and strained cardiac myocytes and is elevated in the serum in allergic asthma (6, 8, 15). Soluble ST2 functions as a decoy receptor that blocks IL‑33's ability to signal through transmembrane ST2 (10, 13‑15).
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Barksby, H.E. et al. (2007) Clin. Exp. Immunol. 149:217.
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Gadina, M. and C.A. Jefferies (2007) Science STKE 2007:pe31.
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Tominaga, S. et al. (1992) Biochim. Biophys. Acta 1171:215.
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Li, H. et al. (2000) Genomics 67:284.
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Schmitz, J. et al. (2005) Immunity 23:479.
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Lecart, S. et al. (2002) Eur. J. Immunol. 32:2979.
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Brint, E.K. et al. (2004) Nat. Immunol. 5:373.
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Weinberg, E.O. et al. (2002) Circulation 106:2961.
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Sanada S. et al. (2007) J. Clin. Invest. 117:1538.
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Palmer, G. et al. (2008) Cytokine 42:358.
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Chackerian, A.A. et al. (2007) J. Immunol. 179:2551.
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Allakhverdi, Z. et al. (2007) J. Immunol. 179:2051.
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Verri Jr., W.A. et al. (2008) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. 105:2723.
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Miller, A.M. et al. (2008) J. Exp. Med. 205:339.
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Hayakawa, H. et al. (2007) J. Biol. Chem. 282:26369.
Product Datasheets
Citations for Human/Primate ST2/IL-33R Biotinylated Antibody
R&D Systems personnel manually curate a database that contains references using R&D Systems products. The data collected includes not only links to publications in PubMed, but also provides information about sample types, species, and experimental conditions.
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Citations: Showing 1 - 4
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Development of an ultra-sensitive human IL-33 biomarker assay for age-related macular degeneration and asthma drug development
Authors: E Mai, J Chan, L Goon, BK Ego, J Bevers, T Wong, M Wong, R Corpuz, H Xi, J Wu, K Schneider, D Seshasayee, M Grimbaldes, G Nakamura, VB Indjeian, M van Looker, KM Loyet, L Comps-Agra
Journal of Translational Medicine, 2021-12-20;19(1):517.
Species: Human
Sample Types: Vitreous Humor
Applications: ELISA Capture -
A novel IL-1 family cytokine, IL-33, potently activates human eosinophils.
Authors: Cherry WB, Yoon J, Bartemes KR, Iijima K, Kita H
J. Allergy Clin. Immunol., 2008-06-01;121(6):1484-90.
Species: Human
Sample Types: Whole Cells
Applications: Flow Cytometry -
IL1RL1 asthma risk variants regulate airway type 2 inflammation
Authors: Erin D. Gordon, Joe Palandra, Agata Wesolowska-Andersen, Lando Ringel, Cydney L. Rios, Marrah E. Lachowicz-Scroggins et al.
JCI Insight
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Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor Expression Licenses Type-2 Helper T Cells to Function in a T Cell Receptor-Independent Fashion
Authors: Carlos M. Minutti, Sebastian Drube, Natalie Blair, Christian Schwartz, Jame C. McCrae, Andrew N. McKenzie et al.
Immunity
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