Human Thymidine Kinase 1 Antibody

Catalog #: MAB8180 Datasheet / COA / SDS

Catalog #	Availability	Size / Price	Qty
MAB8180-100
MAB8180-SP

Thymidine Kinase 1 in A431 Human Cell Line.

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Human Thymidine Kinase 1 Antibody Summary

Species Reactivity

Human

Specificity

Detects human Thymidine Kinase 1 in direct ELISAs.

Source

Monoclonal Mouse IgG_2B Clone # 1008515

Purification

Protein A or G purified from hybridoma culture supernatant

Immunogen

E. coli-derived recombinant human Thymidine Kinase 1
Met1-Asn234
Accession # P04183

Formulation

Lyophilized from a 0.2 μm filtered solution in PBS with Trehalose. *Small pack size (SP) is supplied either lyophilized or as a 0.2 µm filtered solution in PBS.

Label

Unconjugated

Applications

Recommended Concentration

Sample

Immunocytochemistry

8-25 µg/mL

See below

Please Note: Optimal dilutions should be determined by each laboratory for each application. General Protocols are available in the Technical Information section on our website.

Scientific Data

Immunocytochemistry

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Thymidine Kinase 1 in A431 Human Cell Line. Thymidine Kinase 1 was detected in immersion fixed A431 human epithelial carcinoma cell line using Mouse Anti-Human Thymidine Kinase 1 Monoclonal Antibody (Catalog # MAB8180) at 8 µg/mL for 3 hours at room temperature. Cells were stained using the NorthernLights™ 557-conjugated Anti-Mouse IgG Secondary Antibody (red; Catalog # NL007) and counterstained with DAPI (blue). Specific staining was localized to cytoplasm. View our protocol for Fluorescent ICC Staining of Cells on Coverslips.

Reconstitution Calculator

Preparation and Storage

Reconstitution

Reconstitute at 0.5 mg/mL in sterile PBS.

Shipping

Lyophilized product is shipped at ambient temperature. Liquid small pack size (-SP) is shipped with polar packs. Upon receipt, store immediately at the temperature recommended below.

Stability & Storage

Use a manual defrost freezer and avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles.

12 months from date of receipt, -20 to -70 °C as supplied.
1 month, 2 to 8 °C under sterile conditions after reconstitution.
6 months, -20 to -70 °C under sterile conditions after reconstitution.

Background: Thymidine Kinase 1

Thymidine kinases are 2'-deoxythymidine kinases that phosphorylate deoxythymidine and generate deoxythymidine 5’-phosphate (1). Thymidine kinases have a key function in the synthesis of DNA and thereby in cell division, as they are part of the unique reaction chain to introduce deoxythymidine into the DNA. Two forms of thymidine kinase are present in mammalian cells, TK1 and TK2. TK1 is cell cycle-dependent and is present in the cytoplasm only in anticipation of cell division (2, 3); whereas TK2 is located in mitochondria and is cell cycle-independent (4). TK1 is synthesized by the cell during the S phase of cell division and is degraded after cell division is completed (5). TK1 normally occurs in tissue as a dimer and can be converted to more active tetrameric form by ATP binding (6). TK1 is feedback inhibited by thymidine triphosphate, the product of the further phosphorylation of thymidine (7). Because tumor cells replicate much more frequently than normal cells and requires faster DNA synthesis and higher TK1 activity, TK1 is a cancer maker especially for hematologic malignancies (8, 9). In clinical chemistry TK1 is used as a proliferation marker in the diagnosis, control of treatment and follow-up of malignant disease (10). In addition, thymidine kinase is required for the action of many antiviral drugs (11). The enzymatic activity of recombinant human TK1 is measured using a phosphatase-coupled method (12).

References

Wintersberger, E. (1997) Biochem. Soc. Trans. 25:303.
Littelfield, J.W. (1966) Biochim. Biophys. Acta 114:398.
Flemington, E, et al. (1987) Gene 52:267.
Berk, A.J. et al. (1973) Arch. Biochem. Biophys. 154:563.
Zhu, C. et al. (2006) Nucleosides Nucleotides Nucleic Acids 25:1185.
Munch-Petersen, B. et al. (1993) J. Biol. Chem. 268:15621.
Mikkelsen, N. E. et al. (2003). Biochemistry 42:5706.
Doi S, et al. (1990) Nagoya J. Med. Sci. 52:19.
Ellims PH, et al. (1981). Cancer Res. 41: 691.
Lin TS, et al. (1976) J. Med. Chem.19:495.
Baba M, et al. (1987). Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 142:128.
Wu, Z.L. (2011) PLoS One 6:e23172.

Entrez Gene IDs

7083 (Human); 21877 (Mouse)

Alternate Names

EC 2.7.1.21; thymidine kinase 1 soluble isoform; Thymidine Kinase 1; thymidine kinase 1, soluble; thymidine kinase, cytosolic; thymidine kinase-1; TK1; TK2