Porcine CD31/PECAM-1 Alexa Fluor® 350-conjugated Antibody

Applications

Please Note: Optimal dilutions should be determined by each laboratory for each application. General Protocols are available in the Technical Information section on our website.

Preparation and Storage

Background: CD31/PECAM-1

CD31, also known as PECAM-1 (platelet-endothelial cell adhesion molecule-1), is a 130 kDa type I transmembrane glycoprotein adhesion molecule in the immunoglobulin superfamily (1, 2). Expression is restricted to the vascular system, especially endothelial cells, platelets, monocytes, neutrophils and lymphocyte subsets. CD31 is concentrated at cell-cell junctions and is required for transendothelial migration (TEM) (1‑3). The extracellular domain (ECD) of CD31 has ten potential N-glycosylation sites and six C2-type Ig-like domains, the first of which is critical for adhesion and extravasation (3, 4). The cytoplasmic domain contains immunoregulatory tyrosine-based inhibitory and switch motifs (ITIM, ITSM) that mediate both inhibition and activation via phosphotyrosine-mediated engagement of SH2-containing signaling molecules (1, 5). Metalloproteinase-mediated ectodomain shedding occurs during apoptosis (6) but increased serum CD31 ectodomain in HIV and active multiple sclerosis occurs independent of apoptosis (7, 8). In humans, expression of six isoforms with exon deletions in the cytoplasmic domain is tissue‑ and stage-specific, but full-length CD31 is predominant. A form lacking the ITSM predominates in mouse (9). Porcine CD31 ECD shows 74%, 73%, 70%, 63% and 62% amino acid (aa) identity with bovine, canine, human, mouse and rat CD31, respectively. CD31 participates with other adhesion molecules for most functions but is the critical molecule for TEM. Homotypic CD31 adhesion in trans combined with cycling of CD31 to and from surface-connected endothelial cell vesicles leads leukocytes across endothelial tight junctions (3, 10). Homotypic adhesion and signaling functions also strongly suppress mitochondria-dependent apoptosis (11). In platelets, PECAM-1 is necessary for limiting thrombus formation (12) and promoting integrin-mediated clot retraction and platelet spreading (13), but mechanisms for these phenomena are unclear. CD31^-/- mice are deficient in chemokine-mediated chemotaxis (14).

Product Datasheets

Product Specific Notices

This product is provided under an agreement between Life Technologies Corporation and R&D Systems, Inc, and the manufacture, use, sale or import of this product is subject to one or more US patents and corresponding non-US equivalents, owned by Life Technologies Corporation and its affiliates. The purchase of this product conveys to the buyer the non-transferable right to use the purchased amount of the product and components of the product only in research conducted by the buyer (whether the buyer is an academic or for-profit entity). The sale of this product is expressly conditioned on the buyer not using the product or its components (1) in manufacturing; (2) to provide a service, information, or data to an unaffiliated third party for payment; (3) for therapeutic, diagnostic or prophylactic purposes; (4) to resell, sell, or otherwise transfer this product or its components to any third party, or for any other commercial purpose. Life Technologies Corporation will not assert a claim against the buyer of the infringement of the above patents based on the manufacture, use or sale of a commercial product developed in research by the buyer in which this product or its components was employed, provided that neither this product nor any of its components was used in the manufacture of such product. For information on purchasing a license to this product for purposes other than research, contact Life Technologies Corporation, Cell Analysis Business Unit, Business Development, 29851 Willow Creek Road, Eugene, OR 97402, Tel: (541) 465-8300. Fax: (541) 335-0354.

Related Research Areas

• Adhesion Molecules in Angiogenesis
• Adhesion Molecules on Endothelial Cells
• Alpha Granule Membrane Proteins
• Cancer Biomarkers
• Endothelial Cell Differentiation Markers
• Endothelial Cell Markers
• Endothelial Progenitor and Endothelial Cell Markers
• Endothelial Progenitor Cell Markers
• Hemangioblasts
• Immunoglobulin Superfamily CAMs
• ITIM/ITAM Immunoreceptors and Related Molecules
• Myeloid-derived Suppressor Cells (MDSC)
• Platelet Activation Markers
• Platelet Adhesion Molecules
• Platelet Markers
• T Cell Migration/Adhesion