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Recombinant Human Dkk-1 N-Terminal Fragment Protein, CF

Catalog #: 9837-DK Datasheet / COA / SDS
Catalog # Availability Size / Price Qty
9837-DK-050
Recombinant Human Dkk-1 N-Terminal Fragment Protein Binding Activity
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Recombinant Human Dkk-1 N-Terminal Fragment Protein, CF Summary

Product Specifications

Purity
>95%, by SDS-PAGE visualized with Silver Staining and quantitative densitometry by Coomassie® Blue Staining.
Endotoxin Level
<0.10 EU per 1 μg of the protein by the LAL method.
Activity
Measured by its binding ability in a functional ELISA. When Recombinant Human Dkk‑1 N-Terminal Fragment is coated at 1 μg/mL, Mouse CKAP4/p63 (Catalog # 9734-CK) binds with an ED50 of 9-54 ng/mL.
Source
Chinese Hamster Ovary cell line, CHO-derived human Dkk-1 protein
Thr32-Ser141, with a C-terminal 6-His tag
Accession #
O94907
N-terminal Sequence
Analysis
Thr32, Ser35 & Ser39
Predicted Molecular Mass
12 kDa
SDS-PAGE
13 - 21 kDa, reducing conditions

Product Datasheets

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9837-DK

Product Datasheet
COA
SDS

Carrier Free

What does CF mean?

CF stands for Carrier Free (CF). We typically add Bovine Serum Albumin (BSA) as a carrier protein to our recombinant proteins. Adding a carrier protein enhances protein stability, increases shelf-life, and allows the recombinant protein to be stored at a more dilute concentration. The carrier free version does not contain BSA.

What formulation is right for me?

In general, we advise purchasing the recombinant protein with BSA for use in cell or tissue culture, or as an ELISA standard. In contrast, the carrier free protein is recommended for applications, in which the presence of BSA could interfere.

9837-DK

Formulation Lyophilized from a 0.2 μm filtered solution in PBS.
Reconstitution Reconstitute at 500 μg/mL in PBS.
Shipping The product is shipped with polar packs. Upon receipt, store it immediately at the temperature recommended below.
Stability & Storage: Use a manual defrost freezer and avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
  • 12 months from date of receipt, -20 to -70 °C as supplied.
  • 1 month, 2 to 8 °C under sterile conditions after reconstitution.
  • 3 months, -20 to -70 °C under sterile conditions after reconstitution.

Scientific Data

Binding Activity Recombinant Human Dkk-1 N-Terminal Fragment Protein Binding Activity View Larger

When Recombinant Human Dkk-1 N-Terminal Fragment (Catalog # 9837-DK) is immobilized at 1 µg/mL, 100 µL/well, Recombinant Mouse CKAP4/p63 (Catalog # 9734-CK) binds with an ED50 of 9-54 ng/mL.

Reconstitution Calculator

Reconstitution Calculator

The reconstitution calculator allows you to quickly calculate the volume of a reagent to reconstitute your vial. Simply enter the mass of reagent and the target concentration and the calculator will determine the rest.

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Background: Dkk-1

Dickkopf related protein 1 (Dkk-1) is the founding member of the Dickkopf family of proteins that includes Dkk-1, -2, -3, -4, and a related protein, Soggy (1, 2). Dkk proteins are secreted proteins that contain two conserved cysteine-rich domains (CRDs), CRD1 (N-terminal) and CRD2 (C-terminal), separated by a linker region. Each domain contains ten cysteine residues (1-3). Mature human Dkk-1 is a 40 kDa glycosylated protein. Within the N-terminal fragment [amino acids (aa) 32-141] that includes the CRD1, human DKK-1 shares 85% aa sequence identity with mouse Dkk-1. Dkk-1 antagonizes Wnt/beta-catenin signaling, an activity for which the C-terminal CRD2 is both necessary and sufficient (4, 5), while the N-terminal CRD1 was required for binding to CKAP4 (6). However, crystallographic studies have shown that Dkk-1 interacts with LRP-6 as a bipartite inhibitor, with both CRDs binding the extracellular domain of LRP-6 simultaneously (7-9).  Dkk-1/LRP-6/Krm2 complex internalization has been shown to down-regulate Wnt signaling (4, 10). Dkk-1 is expressed throughout development and antagonizes Wnt-7a during limb development (11, 12). Other sites of expression include developing neurons, hair follicles, and the retina (13, 14). The balance between Wnt signaling and Dkk-1 inhibition is critical for bone formation and homeostasis (15). Insufficient or excess Dkk-1 activity in bone results in increased or decreased bone density, respectively (13, 16). In adults, Dkk-1 is expressed in osteoblasts and osteocytes, and neurons. Cerebral ischemia induces Dkk-1 expression, which contributes to neuronal cell death (17). Dkk-1 also likely has a complex role in cancer, as it has been shown to act as a tumor suppressor and also to promote metastasis (18-20).

References
  1. Krupnik, V.E. et al. (1999) Gene 238:301.
  2. Niehrs, C. (2006) Oncogene 25:7469.
  3. Bullock, C.M. et al. (2004) Mol. Pharmacol. 65:582.
  4. Mao, B. et al. (2001) Nature 411:321.
  5. Brott, B.K. and S.Y. Sokol (2002) Mol. Cell. Biol. 22:6100.
  6. Kimura, H. et al. (2016) J. Clin. Invest. 126:7.
  7. Chen, S. et al. (2011) Dev. Cell 21:848.
  8. Bourhis, E. et al. (2011) Structure 19:1433.
  9. Cheng, Z. et al. (2011) Nat. Struct. Mol. Biol. 18:1204.
  10. Mao, B. et al. (2002) Nature 417:664.
  11. Kemp, C. et al. (2005) Dev. Dyn. 233:1064.
  12. Adamska, M. et al. (2004) Dev. Biol. 272:134.
  13. Li, J. et al. (2006) Bone 39:754.
  14. Verani, R. et al. (2007) J. Neurochem. 100:242.
  15. Pinzone, J.J. et al. (2009) Blood 113:517.
  16. Morvan, F. et al. (2006) J. Bone Miner. Res. 21:934.
  17. Cappuccio, I. et al. (2005) J. Neurosci. 25:2647.
  18. Menezes, M.E. et al. (2012) Int. J. Cancer 130:1477.
  19. Li, S. et al. (2013) PLoS One 8:e84944.
  20. Chen, L. et al. (2013) Mol. Cancer 12:157.
Long Name
Dickkopf-1
Entrez Gene IDs
22943 (Human); 13380 (Mouse); 102123735 (Cynomolgus Monkey)
Alternate Names
dickkopf (Xenopus laevis) homolog 1; dickkopf homolog 1 (Xenopus laevis); dickkopf related protein-1; Dickkopf-1; dickkopf-related protein 1; Dkk1; Dkk-1; hDkk-1; SKdickkopf-1 like

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