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Recombinant Human IGF-II/IGF2 Protein, CF

Catalog #: 292-G2
48 Citations 1 Review Datasheet / COA / SDS
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292-G2-050
292-G2-250
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Recombinant Human IGF-II/IGF2 Protein Bioactivity
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Product Details
Citations (48)
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Reviews (1)
Summary Product Datasheets Carrier Free Data Images Reconstitution Calculator Background Related Research Areas

Recombinant Human IGF-II/IGF2 Protein, CF Summary

Product Specifications

Endotoxin Level
<0.10 EU per 1 μg of the protein by the LAL method.
Activity
Measured in a serum-free cell proliferation assay using MCF‑7 human breast cancer cells. Karey, K.P. et al. (1988) Cancer Research 48:4083. The ED50 for this effect is 1.5‑6 ng/mL.
Source
E. coli-derived human IGF-II/IGF2 protein
Ala25-Glu91
Accession #
P01344.1
N-terminal Sequence
Analysis
Ala25
Predicted Molecular Mass
7.5 kDa

Product Datasheets

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292-G2

Product Datasheet
COA
SDS

Carrier Free

What does CF mean?

CF stands for Carrier Free (CF). We typically add Bovine Serum Albumin (BSA) as a carrier protein to our recombinant proteins. Adding a carrier protein enhances protein stability, increases shelf-life, and allows the recombinant protein to be stored at a more dilute concentration. The carrier free version does not contain BSA.

What formulation is right for me?

In general, we advise purchasing the recombinant protein with BSA for use in cell or tissue culture, or as an ELISA standard. In contrast, the carrier free protein is recommended for applications, in which the presence of BSA could interfere.

292-G2

Formulation Lyophilized from a 0.2 μm filtered solution in Acetic Acid.
Reconstitution Reconstitute at 100 μg/mL in sterile PBS.
Shipping The product is shipped at ambient temperature. Upon receipt, store it immediately at the temperature recommended below.
Stability & Storage: Use a manual defrost freezer and avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
  • 12 months from date of receipt, -20 to -70 °C as supplied.
  • 1 month, 2 to 8 °C under sterile conditions after reconstitution.
  • 3 months, -20 to -70 °C under sterile conditions after reconstitution.

Scientific Data

Bioactivity Recombinant Human IGF-II/IGF2 Protein Bioactivity View Larger

Recombinant Human IGF-II/IGF2 (Catalog # 292‑G2) stimulates cell proliferation in the MCF-7 human breast cancer cell line. The ED50 for this effect is 1.5‑6 ng/mL.

SDS-PAGE Recombinant Human IGF-II/IGF2 Protein SDS-PAGE View Larger

1 μg/lane of Recombinant Human IGF-II/IGF2 was resolved with SDS-PAGE under reducing (R) conditions and visualized by silver staining, showing a single band at 7 kDa.

Reconstitution Calculator

Reconstitution Calculator

The reconstitution calculator allows you to quickly calculate the volume of a reagent to reconstitute your vial. Simply enter the mass of reagent and the target concentration and the calculator will determine the rest.

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Background: IGF-II/IGF2

Insulin-like growth factor I (also known as somatomedin C and somatomedin A) and insulin-like growth factor II (multiplication stimulating activity or MSA) belong to the family of insulin-like growth factors that are structurally homologous to proinsulin. Mature IGF-I and IGF-II share approximately 70% sequence identity. Both IGF-I and IGF-II are expressed in many tissues and cell types and may have autocrine, paracrine and endocrine functions. Mature IGF-I and IGF-II are highly conserved (100% identity between human, bovine and porcine proteins) and exhibit cross-species activity.

IGF-II is a potent mitogenic growth factor. However, unlike IGF-I which has important postnatal roles, the growth-promoting function of IGF-II is limited to embryonic development.

Two specific cell surface receptors that bind IGF-I and IGF-II have been identified. The type I IGF receptor that participates in IGF signaling is structurally related to the insulin receptor. It is a disulfide-linked heterotetrameric transmembrane glycoprotein with an intracellular tyrosine kinase domain. Type I IGF receptor binds IGF-I with higher affinity than IGF-II. The type II IGF receptor which binds IGF-II with much higher affinity than IGF-I is also the cation-independent mannose 6-phosphate receptor. At the present time, it is not known if the type II IGF receptor participates in the IGF signaling pathway. An additional unknown receptor which mediates IGF‑II signaling has also been proposed. Circulating IGFs exist in complexes bound to IGF binding proteins. Currently, at least six high affinity binding proteins have been identified.

Long Name
Insulin-like Growth Factor II
Entrez Gene IDs
3481 (Human); 16002 (Mouse)
Alternate Names
C11orf43; chromosome 11 open reading frame 43; FLJ22066; FLJ44734; GRDF; IGF2; IGF-2; IGFII; IGF-II; insulin-like growth factor 2 (somatomedin A); insulin-like growth factor II; insulin-like growth factor type 2; MSA; PEG2; PP9974; somatomedin-A

Citations for Recombinant Human IGF-II/IGF2 Protein, CF

R&D Systems personnel manually curate a database that contains references using R&D Systems products. The data collected includes not only links to publications in PubMed, but also provides information about sample types, species, and experimental conditions.

48 Citations: Showing 1 - 10
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  1. Skeletal overgrowth in a pre-pubescent child treated with pan-FGFR inhibitor
    Authors: Majlessipour, F;Zhu, G;Baca, N;Kumbaji, M;Hwa, V;Danielpour, M;
    Heliyon
    Species: Human
    Sample Types: Whole Cells
    Applications: Bioassay
  2. Endothelial cell Piezo1 promotes vascular smooth muscle cell differentiation on large arteries
    Authors: Abello, J;Yin, Y;Zhao, Y;Maurer, J;Lee, J;Bodell, C;Clevenger, AJ;Burton, Z;Goeckel, ME;Lin, M;Grainger, S;Halabi, CM;Raghavan, SA;Sah, R;Stratman, AN;
    bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology
    Species: Human
    Sample Types: Whole Cells
    Applications: Bioassay
  3. Regulation of angiogenesis by endocytic trafficking mediated by cytoplasmic dynein 1 light intermediate chain 1
    Authors: Johnson, D;Colijn, S;Richee, J;Yano, J;Burns, M;Davis, AE;Pham, VN;Saric, A;Jain, A;Yin, Y;Castranova, D;Melani, M;Fujita, M;Grainger, S;Bonifacino, JS;Weinstein, BM;Stratman, AN;
    bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology
    Species: Human
    Sample Types: Whole Cells
    Applications: Bioassay
  4. CXCR3-CXCL11 signaling restricts angiogenesis and promotes pericyte recruitment
    Authors: Goeckel, ME;Lee, J;Levitas, A;Colijn, S;Mun, G;Burton, Z;Chintalapati, B;Yin, Y;Abello, J;Stratman, A;
    bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology
    Species: Human
    Sample Types: Whole Cells
    Applications: Cell Culture
  5. The Role of SOX9 in IGF-II-Mediated Pulmonary Fibrosis
    Authors: Waldrep, KM;Rodgers, JI;Garrett, SM;Wolf, BJ;Feghali-Bostwick, CA;
    International journal of molecular sciences
    Species: Human
    Sample Types: Whole Cells, Whole Tissue
    Applications: Bioassay
  6. Senescence induces proteolytically-active PAPP-A secretion and association with extracellular vesicles in human pre-adipocytes
    Authors: CA Conover, LK Bale
    Experimental gerontology, 2022-12-20;172(0):112070.
    Species: Human
    Sample Types: Whole Cells
    Applications: Bioassay
  7. The insulin and IGF signaling pathway sustains breast cancer stem cells by IRS2/PI3K-mediated regulation of MYC
    Authors: JS Lee, MW Lero, J Mercado-Ma, S Zhu, M Jo, CE Tocheny, JS Morgan, LM Shaw
    Cell Reports, 2022-12-06;41(10):111759.
    Species: Human
    Sample Types: Whole Cells
    Applications: Bioassay
  8. Generation of mature compact ventricular cardiomyocytes from human pluripotent stem cells
    Authors: S Funakoshi, I Fernandes, O Mastikhina, D Wilkinson, T Tran, W Dhahri, A Mazine, D Yang, B Burnett, J Lee, S Protze, GD Bader, SS Nunes, M Laflamme, G Keller
    Nature Communications, 2021-05-26;12(1):3155.
    Species: Human
    Sample Types: Whole Cells
    Applications: Bioassay
  9. Mesenchyme-derived IGF2 is a major paracrine regulator of pancreatic growth and function
    Authors: CM Hammerle, I Sandovici, GV Brierley, NM Smith, WE Zimmer, I Zvetkova, HM Prosser, Y Sekita, BYH Lam, M Ma, WN Cooper, A Vidal-Puig, SE Ozanne, G Medina-Góm, M Constância
    PLoS Genet, 2020-10-15;16(10):e1009069.
    Species: Mouse
    Sample Types: Serum
    Applications: Western Blot
  10. Intracellular Insulin-like growth factor binding protein 2 (IGFBP2) contributes to the senescence of keratinocytes in psoriasis by stabilizing cytoplasmic p21
    Authors: L Mercurio, D Lulli, F Mascia, E Dellambra, C Scarponi, M Morelli, C Valente, ML Carbone, S Pallotta, G Girolomoni, C Albanesi, S Pastore, S Madonna
    Aging (Albany NY), 2020-04-17;12(8):6823-6851.
    Species: Human
    Sample Types: Whole Cells
    Applications: Cell Culture
  11. Marked structural rearrangement of mannose 6-phosphate/IGF2 receptor at different pH environments
    Authors: R Wang, X Qi, P Schmiege, E Coutavas, X Li
    Sci Adv, 2020-02-12;6(7):eaaz1466.
    Species: Human
    Sample Types: Protein
    Applications: Binding Assay
  12. Target prediction and validation of microRNAs expressed from FSHR and aromatase genes in human ovarian granulosa cells
    Authors: I Rooda, K Hensen, B Kaselt, S Kasvandik, M Pook, A Kurg, A Salumets, A Velthut-Me
    Sci Rep, 2020-02-10;10(1):2300.
    Species: Human
    Sample Types: Whole Cells
    Applications: Bioassay
  13. Insulin-like growth factor (IGF)-II- mediated fibrosis in pathogenic lung conditions
    Authors: SM Garrett, E Hsu, JM Thomas, JM Pilewski, C Feghali-Bo
    PLoS ONE, 2019-11-25;14(11):e0225422.
    Species: Human
    Sample Types: Whole Cells
    Applications: Bioassay
  14. Systematic assessment of antibody selectivity in plasma based on a resource of enrichment profiles
    Authors: C Fredolini, S Byström, L Sanchez-Ri, M Ioannou, D Tamburro, F Pontén, RM Branca, P Nilsson, J Lehtiö, JM Schwenk
    Sci Rep, 2019-06-06;9(1):8324.
    Species: Human
    Sample Types: Plasma
    Applications: ELISA Capture
  15. Immune targeting of autocrine IGF2 hampers rhabdomyosarcoma growth and metastasis
    Authors: C De Giovann, P Nanni, L Landuzzi, ML Ianzano, G Nicoletti, S Croci, A Palladini, PL Lollini
    BMC Cancer, 2019-02-07;19(1):126.
    Species: Human
    Sample Types: Recombinant Protein
    Applications: ELISA (Capture), Western Blot
  16. Cellular characterization of human epicardial adipose tissue: highly expressed PAPP-A regulates insulin-like growth factor I signaling in human cardiomyocytes
    Authors: CA Conover, LK Bale, RL Frye, HV Schaff
    Physiol Rep, 2019-02-01;7(4):e14006.
    Species: Human
    Sample Types: Cell Culture Supernates
    Applications: Bioassay
  17. A dual-specific IGF-I/II human engineered antibody domain inhibits IGF signaling in breast cancer cells
    Authors: Z Chen, J Liu, D Chu, Y Shan, G Ma, H Zhang, XD Zhang, P Wang, Q Chen, C Deng, W Chen, DS Dimitrov, Q Zhao
    Int. J. Biol. Sci., 2018-05-21;14(7):799-806.
    Species: Human
    Sample Types: Whole Cells
    Applications: Library Screening
  18. Generation of hepatocyte- and endocrine pancreatic-like cells from human induced endodermal progenitor cells
    Authors: R Sambathkum, R Akkerman, S Dastidar, P Roelandt, M Kumar, M Bajaj, AR Mestre Ros, N Helsen, V Vanslembro, E Kalo, S Khurana, J Laureys, C Gysemans, MM Faas, P de Vos, CM Verfaillie
    PLoS ONE, 2018-05-11;13(5):e0197046.
    Species: Human
    Sample Types: Organoids
    Applications: Bioassay
  19. Streamlined circular proximity ligation assay provides high stringency and compatibility with low-affinity antibodies
    Authors: R Jalili, J Horecka, JR Swartz, RW Davis, HHJ Persson
    Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A., 2018-01-16;0(0):.
    Applications: Bioassay
  20. Matrix metalloproteinase-1 facilitates MSC migration via cleavage of IGF-2/IGFBP2 complex
    Authors: SP Guan, ATL Lam, JP Newman, KLM Chua, CYL Kok, ST Chong, MLK Chua, PYP Lam
    FEBS Open Bio, 2017-11-23;8(1):15-26.
    Species: Human
    Sample Types: Whole Cells
    Applications: Bioassay
  21. CD44(+) fibroblasts increases breast cancer cell survival and drug resistance via IGF2BP3-CD44-IGF2 signalling
    Authors: Y Liu, C Yu, Y Wu, X Sun, Q Su, C You, H Xin
    J. Cell. Mol. Med., 2017-05-18;0(0):.
    Species: Human
    Sample Types: Whole Cells
    Applications: Bioassay, ELISA (Standard)
  22. Mural-Endothelial cell-cell interactions stabilize the developing zebrafish dorsal aorta
    Authors: Amber N Stratman
    Development, 2016-12-02;0(0):.
    Species: Human
    Sample Types: Whole Cells
    Applications: Bioassay
  23. TGF? signaling confers sorafenib resistance via induction of multiple RTKs in hepatocellular carcinoma cells
    Authors: Tong Wu
    Mol. Carcinog., 2016-11-25;0(0):.
    Species: Human
    Sample Types: Whole Cells
    Applications: Bioassay
  24. Addiction to the IGF2-ID1-IGF2 circuit for maintenance of the breast cancer stem-like cells
    Oncogene, 2016-08-22;0(0):.
    Species: Human
    Sample Types: Whole Cells
    Applications: Bioassay
  25. Antitumor efficacy of the heparan sulfate mimic roneparstat (SST0001) against sarcoma models involves multi-target inhibition of receptor tyrosine kinases
    Authors: G Cassinelli, E Favini, L Dal Bo, M Tortoreto, M De Maglie, G Dagrada, S Pilotti, F Zunino, N Zaffaroni, C Lanzi
    Oncotarget, 2016-07-26;7(30):47848-47863.
  26. Differential neuronal vulnerability identifies IGF-2 as a protective factor in ALS
    Sci Rep, 2016-05-16;6(0):25960.
    Species: Human
    Sample Types: Whole Cells
    Applications: Bioassay
  27. Neurogenin 3 Expressing Cells in the Human Exocrine Pancreas Have the Capacity for Endocrine Cell Fate.
    Authors: Gomez D, O'Driscoll M, Sheets T, Hruban R, Oberholzer J, McGarrigle J, Shamblott M
    PLoS ONE, 2015-08-19;10(8):e0133862.
    Species: Human
    Sample Types: Whole Cells
    Applications: Bioassay
  28. Enhanced memory consolidation in mice lacking the circadian modulators Sharp1 and -2 caused by elevated Igf2 signaling in the cortex.
    Authors: Shahmoradi A, Radyushkin K, Rossner M
    Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A, 2015-06-22;112(27):E3582-9.
    Species: Mouse
    Sample Types: Tissue Homogenates
    Applications: ELISA (Standard)
  29. Vascular niche promotes hematopoietic multipotent progenitor formation from pluripotent stem cells.
    Authors: Gori J, Butler J, Chan Y, Chandrasekaran D, Poulos M, Ginsberg M, Nolan D, Elemento O, Wood B, Adair J, Rafii S, Kiem H
    J Clin Invest, 2015-02-09;125(3):1243-54.
    Species: Primate - Macaca nemestrina (Southern Pig-tailed Macaque)
    Sample Types: Whole Cells
    Applications: Bioassay
  30. IGFBP-4 and -5 are expressed in first-trimester villi and differentially regulate the migration of HTR-8/SVneo cells.
    Authors: Crosley, Erin J, Dunk, Caroline, Beristain, Alexande, Christians, Julian K
    Reprod Biol Endocrinol, 2014-12-04;12(0):123.
    Species: Human
    Sample Types: Whole Cells
    Applications: Bioassay
  31. A positive autoregulatory BDNF feedback loop via C/EBPbeta mediates hippocampal memory consolidation.
    Authors: Bambah-Mukku D, Travaglia A, Chen D, Pollonini G, Alberini C
    J Neurosci, 2014-09-10;34(37):12547-59.
    Species: Rat
    Sample Types: In Vivo
    Applications: In Vivo
  32. Co-targeting the IGF system and HIF-1 inhibits migration and invasion by (triple-negative) breast cancer cells.
    Authors: Mancini M, Gariboldi M, Taiana E, Bonzi M, Craparotta I, Pagin M, Monti E
    Br J Cancer, 2014-05-22;110(12):2865-73.
    Species: Human
    Sample Types: Whole Cells
    Applications: Bioassay
  33. The IGF2 mRNA binding protein p62/IGF2BP2-2 induces fatty acid elongation as a critical feature of steatosis.
    Authors: Laggai S, Kessler S, Boettcher S, Lebrun V, Gemperlein K, Lederer E, Leclercq I, Mueller R, Hartmann R, Haybaeck J, Kiemer A
    J Lipid Res, 2014-04-22;55(6):1087-1097.
    Species: Human
    Sample Types: Whole Cells
    Applications: Bioassay
  34. Insulin-like growth factor 2 enhances regulatory T-cell functions and suppresses food allergy in an experimental model.
    Authors: Yang G, Geng X, Song J, Wu Y, Yan H, Zhan Z, Yang L, He W, Liu Z, Qiu S, Liu Z, Yang P
    J Allergy Clin Immunol, 2014-04-01;133(6):1702-8.e5.
    Species: Human
    Sample Types: Whole Cells
    Applications: Bioassay
  35. Insulin-like growth factor II peptide fusion enables uptake and lysosomal delivery of alpha-N-acetylglucosaminidase to mucopolysaccharidosis type IIIB fibroblasts.
    Authors: Kan S, Troitskaya L, Sinow C, Haitz K, Todd A, Di Stefano A, Le S, Dickson P, Tippin B
    Biochem J, 2014-03-01;458(2):281-9.
    Species: Human
    Sample Types: Whole Cells
    Applications: Bioassay
  36. Prospectively isolated NGN3-expressing progenitors from human embryonic stem cells give rise to pancreatic endocrine cells.
    Authors: Cai, Qing, Bonfanti, Paola, Sambathkumar, Rangaraj, Vanuytsel, Kim, Vanhove, Jolien, Gysemans, Conny, Debiec-Rychter, Maria, Raitano, Susanna, Heimberg, Harry, Ordovas, Laura, Verfaillie, Catherin
    Stem Cells Transl Med, 2014-02-03;3(4):489-99.
    Species: Human
    Sample Types: Whole Cells
    Applications: Bioassay
  37. IGFBP7 participates in the reciprocal interaction between acute lymphoblastic leukemia and BM stromal cells and in leukemia resistance to asparaginase.
    Authors: Laranjeira AB, de Vasconcellos JF, Sodek L, Spago MC, Fornazim MC, Tone LG, Brandalise SR, Nowill AE, Yunes JA
    Leukemia, 2011-10-18;26(5):1001-11.
    Species: Human
    Sample Types: Whole Cells
    Applications: Bioassay
  38. Kallikrein-related peptidase 12 hydrolyzes matricellular proteins of the CCN family and modifies interactions of CCN1 and CCN5 with growth factors.
    Authors: Guillon-Munos A, Oikonomopoulou K, Michel N, Smith CR, Petit-Courty A, Canepa S, Reverdiau P, Heuzé-Vourc'h N, Diamandis EP, Courty Y
    J. Biol. Chem., 2011-05-31;286(29):25505-18.
    Applications: Enzyme Assay Substrate
  39. A novel type of glial cell in the retina is stimulated by insulin-like growth factor 1 and may exacerbate damage to neurons and Muller glia.
    Authors: Fischer AJ, Scott MA, Zelinka C, Sherwood P
    Glia, 2010-04-15;58(6):633-49.
    Species: Chicken
    Sample Types: In Vivo
    Applications: In Vivo
  40. CREG inhibits migration of human vascular smooth muscle cells by mediating IGF-II endocytosis.
    Authors: Han Y, Cui J, Tao J, Guo L, Guo P, Sun M, Kang J, Zhang X, Yan C, Li S
    Exp. Cell Res., 2009-09-19;315(19):3301-11.
    Species: Human
    Sample Types: Whole Cells
    Applications: Bioassay
  41. Induced pluripotent stem cells offer new approach to therapy in thalassemia and sickle cell anemia and option in prenatal diagnosis in genetic diseases.
    Authors: Ye L, Chang JC, Lin C, Sun X, Yu J, Kan YW
    Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A., 2009-05-29;106(24):9826-30.
    Species: Human
    Sample Types: Whole Cells
    Applications: Bioassay
  42. Insulin-like growth factor-I receptor blockade by a specific tyrosine kinase inhibitor for human gastrointestinal carcinomas.
    Authors: Piao W, Wang Y, Adachi Y, Yamamoto H, Li R, Imsumran A, Li H, Maehata T, Ii M, Arimura Y, Lee CT, Shinomura Y, Carbone DP, Imai K
    Mol. Cancer Ther., 2008-06-01;7(6):1483-93.
    Species: Human
    Sample Types: Whole Cells
    Applications: Bioassay
  43. Insulin-like growth factor-II is increased in systemic sclerosis-associated pulmonary fibrosis and contributes to the fibrotic process via Jun N-terminal kinase- and phosphatidylinositol-3 kinase-dependent pathways.
    Authors: Hsu E, Feghali-Bostwick CA
    Am. J. Pathol., 2008-05-08;172(6):1580-90.
    Species: Human
    Sample Types: Whole Cells
    Applications: Bioassay
  44. Association between paternally inherited haplotypes upstream of the insulin gene and umbilical cord IGF-II levels.
    Authors: Adkins RM, Fain JN, Krushkal J
    Pediatr. Res., 2007-10-01;62(4):451-5.
    Applications: ELISA (Standard)
  45. Insulin-like growth factor (IGF) 2 stimulates steroidogenesis and mitosis of bovine granulosa cells through the IGF1 receptor: role of follicle-stimulating hormone and IGF2 receptor.
    Authors: Spicer LJ, Aad PY
    Biol. Reprod., 2007-03-14;77(1):18-27.
    Species: Bovine
    Sample Types: Whole Cells
    Applications: Bioassay
  46. Long-lasting in vitro hematopoiesis derived from primate embryonic stem cells.
    Authors: Hiroyama T, Miharada K, Aoki N, Fujioka T, Sudo K, Danjo I, Nagasawa T, Nakamura Y
    Exp. Hematol., 2006-06-01;34(6):760-9.
    Species: Primate - Macaca fascicularis (Crab-eating Monkey or Cynomolgus Macaque)
    Sample Types: Whole Cells
    Applications: Bioassay
  47. The role of matrix metalloproteinase-7 in redefining the gastric microenvironment in response to Helicobacter pylori.
    Authors: McCaig C, Duval C, Hemers E, Steele I, Pritchard DM, Przemeck S, Dimaline R, Ahmed S, Bodger K, Kerrigan DD, Wang TC, Dockray GJ, Varro A
    Gastroenterology, 2006-03-06;130(6):1754-63.
    Species: Human
    Sample Types: Whole Cells
    Applications: Bioassay
  48. Matrix metalloproteinase-7 degrades all insulin-like growth factor binding proteins and facilitates insulin-like growth factor bioavailability.
    Authors: Nakamura M, Miyamoto S, Maeda H, Ishii G, Hasebe T, Chiba T, Asaka M, Ochiai A
    Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun., 2005-08-05;333(3):1011-6.
    Species: Human
    Sample Types: Whole Cells
    Applications: Bioassay

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Recombinant Human IGF-II Protein, CF
By Anonymous on 08/03/2016
Application: BindInhib

Cells were seeded in 12-well plates and grown to confluence. Culture medium was replaced with 0.5 ml of EMEM without serum prior to the addition of uptake inhibitors. 5 µg/ml recombinant human IGF-II (R&D Systems; Minneapolis, MN) was applied to the cells for 10 minutes prior to applying purified rhNAGLU-IGF-II at a final concentration of 160 units/ml. Following 4 hours incubation at 37°C and 5% CO2, cells were harvested and intracellular NAGLU activity was measured as described above. The enzyme activity measured in MPS IIIB fibroblasts with rhNAGLU-IGF-II treatment alone was defined as 100% and the intracellular enzyme activity observed in the presence of inhibitor was normalized to rhNAGLU-IGF-II activity. (Biochem J. 2014 458(2):281-9.)